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61.
62.
Santillo A Monteforte R De Lange P Lanni A Farina P Baccari GC 《Journal of cellular physiology》2008,215(2):481-487
Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) harderian gland (HG) is a dimorphic orbital gland producing a copious lipid secretion. Two cell-types are present in hamster HG, type I in both sexes, type II only in males. In hamster HGs, we found a marked sexual dichotomy in the expression of uncoupling protein-3 (UCP3), a mitochondrial protein carrier, that probably exports fatty acid anions and fatty acid peroxides from the mitochondrial matrix. Following castration and/or testosterone treatment: (1) UCP3 levels correlated with the type II-cell percentage, not with testosterone levels, (2) in male HGs, UCP3 was comparable to female levels at 30 days post-castration (when the type II-cell percentage had fallen from 50 to 5%), although testosterone was already near zero at 15 days (when neither the type II-cell percentage nor the UCP3 level had fallen), and testosterone-replacement therapy prevented these changes. Testosterone-treated females possessed type II cells and a UCP3 level about twofold higher than in control females. Males displayed more intense UCP3 immunohistochemical positivity in type I HG cells than females. Hence, testosterone may indirectly control UCP3 expression by regulating the gland's morphological and lipid dimorphism. Straight-chain fatty acids [found in alkyl diacylglycerols (ADGs) in males] are oxidized predominantly in mitochondria, branched-chain fatty acids (abundant in ADGs in females) predominantly in peroxisomes, so we speculate that the higher UCP3 expression in males reflects greater fatty acid flux in HG mitochondria. This is supported by our finding that in female (not male) HGs, the peroxisome-rich fraction contained alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), an enzyme important in the beta-oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids. 相似文献
63.
Dudar GK D'Andrea LD Di Stasi R Pedone C Wallace JL 《American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology》2008,295(2):G374-G381
Angiogenesis is crucial to all types of wound healing, including gastric ulcer healing. The most potent promoter of angiogenesis is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We hypothesized that a 15-amino acid peptide designed to mimic the angiogenic action of VEGF would accelerate gastric ulcer healing. Gastric ulcers were induced in mice by serosal application of acetic acid. Treatment with the VEGF mimetic accelerated gastric ulcer healing when administered orally or intraperitoneally, at a dose of 50 ng/kg or greater. Such healing was not observed when the reverse sequence pentadecapeptide or the full-length VEGF protein was administered. Contrary to our hypothesis, the VEGF mimetic did not significantly increase angiogenesis in the ulcerated stomach. The enhancement of ulcer healing by the VEGF mimetic occurred independently of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity but was blocked by inhibitors of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). These results demonstrate that a VEGF mimetic is a potent stimulus for gastric ulcer healing, even when given orally. The effects of the mimetic were independent of stimulatory effects on angiogenesis and COX-2 activity but were dependent on iNOS-derived NO production. 相似文献
64.
Cipollini E Riccio M Di Giaimo R Dal Piaz F Pulice G Catania S Caldarelli I Dembic M Santi S Melli M 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》2008,1783(2):312-322
Progressive myoclonus epilepsy type 1 (EPM1) is a neurodegenerative disease correlating with mutations of the cystatin B gene. Cystatin B is described as a monomeric protein with antiprotease function. This work shows that, in vivo, cystatin B has a polymeric structure, highly resistant to SDS, urea, boiling and sensitive to reducing agents and alkaline pH. Hydrogen peroxide increases the polymeric structure of the protein. Mass spectrometry analysis shows that the only component of the polymers is cystatin B. EPM1 mutants of cystatin B transfected in cultured cells are also polymeric. The banding pattern generated by a cysteine-minus mutant is different from that of the wild-type protein as it contains only monomers, dimers and some very high MW bands while misses components of MW intermediate between 25 and 250 kDa. Overexpression of wild-type or EPM1 mutants of cystatin B in neuroblastoma cells generates cytoplasmic aggregates. The cysteine-minus mutant is less prone to the formation of inclusion bodies. We conclude that cystatin B in vivo has a polymeric structure sensitive to the redox environment and that overexpression of the protein generates aggregates. This work describes a protein with a physiological role characterized by highly stable polymers prone to aggregate formation in vivo. 相似文献
65.
Zooplankton in the Ligurian Sea: Part II. Exploration of their physical and biological forcing functions during summer 2000 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Warren Joseph D.; Demer David A.; McGehee Duncan E.; Di Mento Rossella; Borsani J. Fabrizio 《Journal of plankton research》2004,26(12):1419-1427
A survey of the biological and physical oceanography of theLigurian Sea was conducted in the late summer of 2000. Forty-onestations were sampled for nutrients, oxygen, fluorescence andhydrographic information. Acoustic backscatter measurementswere used to estimate abundance of small (<5 mm) zooplanktonbiovolume versus depth and the distribution of northern krill,Meganyctiphanes norvegica. Net-tow and underwater video datawere collected to identify the zooplankton present. These datawere used to analyze the Ligurian Sea ecosystem for physicaland biological linkages that control zooplankton abundance anddistribution. Results are compared with those from a similarstudy conducted in 1999. Hydrographic sampling showed a domeof dense water in the southwestern middle of the basin. Thehighest chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations were measured inthis area, while small zooplankton biovolume was evenly distributedthroughout the survey. Integrated values of Chl a and smallzooplankton biovolume in 2000 were greater than in 1999. Meganyctiphanesnorvegica, siphonophores and salps were the dominant componentsof the macrozooplankton population in the upper 200 m. In thesampled depth strata, siphonophore abundance did not changeduring the day, while M. norvegica were only caught at night.Acoustic backscatter data show that higher densities of M. norvegicaoccurred in deeper water and in the western and southwesternareas of the Ligurian Sea. 相似文献
66.
Daniele Bianchi Rossella Bortolo Antonella Bernardi Ileana Gagliardi Anna Giulia Mercedes Ingrassia 《Biotechnology letters》1995,17(7):711-716
Summary A practical procedure has been developed for the chemoselective microbial hydrolysis of aromatic dicarboxylic esters to give the corresponding monoesters, using cellular lysate and whole cell of Brevibacterium imperiale B222. The produced monoesters can be transformed into hydroxyacids, useful intermediates in the synthesis of polyesters. 相似文献
67.
68.
Involvement of sperm acetylated histones and the nuclear isoform of Glutathione peroxidase 4 in fertilization
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69.
Oxylipins from both pathogen and host antagonize jasmonic acid‐mediated defence via the 9‐lipoxygenase pathway in Fusarium verticillioides infection of maize
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Paola Battilani Alessandra Lanubile Valeria Scala Massimo Reverberi Rossella Gregori Claudia Falavigna Chiara Dall'asta Yong‐Soon Park John Bennett Eli J. Borrego Michael V. Kolomiets 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2018,19(9):2162-2176
Oxylipins are a newly emerging group of signals that serve defence roles or promote virulence. To identify specific host and fungal genes and oxylipins governing the interactions between maize and Fusarium verticillioides, maize wild‐type and lipoxygenase3 (lox3) mutant were inoculated with either F. verticillioides wild‐type or linoleate‐diol‐synthase 1‐deleted mutant (ΔFvlds1D). The results showed that lox3 mutants were more resistant to F. verticillioides. The reduced colonization on lox3 was associated with reduced fumonisin production and with a stronger and earlier induction of ZmLOX4, ZmLOX5 and ZmLOX12. In addition to the reported defence function of ZmLOX12, we showed that lox4 and lox5 mutants were more susceptible to F. verticillioides and possessed decreased jasmonate levels during infection, suggesting that these genes are essential for jasmonic acid (JA)‐mediated defence. Oxylipin profiling revealed a dramatic reduction in fungal linoleate diol synthase 1 (LDS1)‐derived oxylipins, especially 8‐HpODE (8‐hydroperoxyoctadecenoic acid), in infected lox3 kernels, indicating the importance of this molecule in virulence. Collectively, we make the following conclusions: (1) LOX3 is a major susceptibility factor induced by fungal LDS1‐derived oxylipins to suppress JA‐stimulating 9‐LOXs; (2) LOX3‐mediated signalling promotes the biosynthesis of virulence‐promoting oxylipins in the fungus; and (3) both fungal LDS1‐ and host LOX3‐produced oxylipins are essential for the normal infection and colonization processes of maize seed by F. verticillioides. 相似文献
70.
A Natural Hepatocyte Growth Factor/Scatter Factor Autocrine Loop in Myoblast Cells and the Effect of the Constitutive Met Kinase Activation on Myogenic Differentiation 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
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