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91.
92.
Catherine Hofer Levison Donald W. Hastings Jerry N. Harrison 《American journal of physical anthropology》1981,56(1):83-93
Census reports and information in burial records of Manti, Utah from 1849 to July 1977 are examined in order to (1)document mortality trends and differentials by age, sex, cause-of-death, and seasonality as Manti passed from a frontier settlement to a rural agricultural community; and (2) ascertain whether the shifts in the cause-of-death structure follow those patterns outlined by Omran (1971, 1974, 1977) in his theory of the epidemiologic transition. Findings parallel patterns suggested by Omran. Major factors accounting for mortality reductions are (1) elimination of the population's dependence upon a contaminated water supply, and (2) adoption of medical advances as they became available. 相似文献
93.
Ronald G. Iacocca Nick Toltl M. Allgeier B. Bustard Xia Dong M. Foubert J. Hofer S. Peoples T. Shelbourn 《AAPS PharmSciTech》2010,11(3):1340-1349
Delamination, or the generation of glass flakes in vials used to contain parenteral drug products, continues to be a persistent
problem in the pharmaceutical industry. To understand all of the factors that might contribute to delamination, a statistical
design of experiments was implemented to describe this loss of chemical integrity for glass vials. Phase I of this study focused
on the effects of thermal exposure (prior to product filling) on the surface chemistry of glass vials. Even though such temperatures
are below the glass transition temperature for the glass, and parenteral compounds are injected directly into the body, data
must be collected to show that the glass was not phase separating. Phase II of these studies examined the combined effects
of thermal exposure, glass chemistry, and exposure to pharmaceutically relevant molecules on glass delamination. A variety
of tools was used to examine the glass and the solution contained in the vial including: scanning electron microscopy and
dynamic secondary ion mass spectroscopy for the glass; and visual examination, pH measurements, laser particle counting, and
inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry for the analysis of the solution. The combined results of phase I
and II showed depyrogenation does not play a significant role in delamination. Terminal sterilization, glass chemistry, and
solution chemistry are the key factors in the generation of glass flakes. Dissolution of silica may be an effective indicator
that delamination will occur with a given liquid stored in glass. Finally, delamination should not be defined by the appearance
of visible glass particulates. There is a mechanical component in the delamination process whereby the flakes must break away
from the interior vial surface. Delamination should be defined by the observation of flakes on the interior surface of the
vial, which can be detected by several other analytical techniques. 相似文献
94.
B. Sørensen-Ziganke H.W. Hofer 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1979,90(1):204-208
Phosphofructokinase from mice muscle was radioactively labelled either in vivo by the injection of [32P]-phosphate or in vitro by the incubation with cAMP-dependent protein kinase and [γ-32P]-ATP. Two labelled peptides were obtained after tryptic digestion in either case showing that at least two sites were phosphorylated. Independent of the labelling method, the labelled peptides showed an analogous pattern on the peptide maps, indicating that both methods led to the phosphorylation of the same sites. 相似文献
95.
96.
Johana A. Luna Coronell Khulan Sergelen Philipp Hofer István Gyurján Stefanie Brezina Peter Hettegger Gernot Leeb Karl Mach Andrea Gsur Andreas Weinhäusel 《基因组蛋白质组与生物信息学报(英文版)》2018,16(1):73-84
Characterization of the colon cancer immunome and its autoantibody signature from differentially-reactive antigens (DIRAGs) could provide insights into aberrant cellular mechanisms or enriched networks associated with diseases. The purpose of this study was to characterize the antibody profile of plasma samples from 32 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 32 controls using proteins isolated from 15,417 human cDNA expression clones on microarrays. 671 unique DIRAGs were identified and 632 were more highly reactive in CRC samples. Bioinformatics analyses reveal that compared to control samples, the immunoproteomic IgG profiling of CRC samples is mainly associated with cell death, survival, and proliferation pathways, especially proteins involved in EIF2 and mTOR signaling. Ribosomal proteins (e.g., RPL7, RPL22, and RPL27A) and CRC-related genes such as APC, AXIN1, E2F4, MSH2, PMS2, and TP53 were highly enriched. In addition, differential pathways were observed between the CRC and control samples. Furthermore, 103 DIRAGs were reported in the SEREX antigen database, demonstrating our ability to identify known and new reactive antigens. We also found an overlap of 7 antigens with 48 “CRC genes.” These data indicate that immunomics profiling on protein microarrays is able to reveal the complexity of immune responses in cancerous diseases and faithfully reflects the underlying pathology. 相似文献
97.
The in vivo reproductive potential of density separated cells 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Murine ascites cells (L1210, L5178Y, Ehrlich ascites) were labelled with 131I-iododeoxyuridine and subjected to buoyant density centrifugation on a continuous, linear Ficoll gradient. Cell losses sustained during density centrifugation were evaluated by recording the amount of 131I recovered in the final cell fractions. The viability and proliferative capacity of the density separated cells were tested by monitoring the rate of 131I excretion following inoculation of the recovered cells into new, non-radioactive hosts.Density separation in Ficoll appeared to cause few, if any, adverse effects. Cell recovery under properly regulated experimental conditions was virtually complete (97% or higher). The reproductive potential of density-separated cells was identical to that of control cells. However, considerable cell mortality could be induced by permitting cellular aggregation in medium free of antiagglutinin or by exposure of excessive quantities of cells to a density gradient.Viability indices obtained with trypan blue proved unsuitable for predicting long-term survival. In some experiments the trypan blue data provided a 90–100% viability reading when in fact the entire cell population had been inactivated by irradiation or heat incubation. Since the trypan blue test also did not reveal the full extent of mortality among aggregated cells or cells recovered from overloaded gradients, it was concluded that the dye exclusion test, in spite of its utility for monitoring immediate cell death and membrane destruction, was of limited value for evaluating the reproductive potential of mammalian cells. 相似文献
98.
Phosphofructokinase (ATP : D-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.11) from Streptococcus thermophilus has been purified. It is a tetramer composed of identical subunits of molecular weight 36 000 and exhibits Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Compared to the phosphofructokinases from taxonomically related bacteria, the enzyme from S. thermophilus is more stable at high temperatures. In addition, it has been demonstrated that the phosphofructokinases from lactobacteria and also from Bacillus stearothermophilus show immunologic cross-reaction. In spite of the significantly different kinetic properties and the different thermostability of these enzymes, this finding indicates great structural resemblance. 相似文献
99.
Konstantinos Lefkimmiatis Daniela Leronni Aldebaran M. Hofer 《The Journal of cell biology》2013,202(3):453-462
Cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent phosphorylation has been reported to exert biological effects in both the mitochondrial matrix and outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM). However, the kinetics, targets, and effectors of the cAMP cascade in these organellar domains remain largely undefined. Here we used sensitive FRET-based sensors to monitor cAMP and protein kinase A (PKA) activity in different mitochondrial compartments in real time. We found that cytosolic cAMP did not enter the matrix, except during mitochondrial permeability transition. Bicarbonate treatment (expected to activate matrix-bound soluble adenylyl cyclase) increased intramitochondrial cAMP, but along with membrane-permeant cAMP analogues, failed to induce measureable matrix PKA activity. In contrast, the OMM proved to be a domain of exceptionally persistent cAMP-dependent PKA activity. Although cAMP signaling events measured on the OMM mirrored those of the cytosol, PKA phosphorylation at the OMM endured longer as a consequence of diminished control by local phosphatases. Our findings demonstrate that mitochondria host segregated cAMP cascades with distinct functional and kinetic signatures. 相似文献
100.