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101.
Ari W. Satyagraha Arkasha Sadhewa Rosalie Elvira Iqbal Elyazar Denny Feriandika Ungke Antonjaya Damian Oyong Decy Subekti Ismail E. Rozi Gonzalo J. Domingo Alida R. Harahap J. Kevin Baird 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2016,10(2)
Background
Patients infected by Plasmodium vivax or Plasmodium ovale suffer repeated clinical attacks without primaquine therapy against latent stages in liver. Primaquine causes seriously threatening acute hemolytic anemia in patients having inherited glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Access to safe primaquine therapy hinges upon the ability to confirm G6PD normal status. CareStart G6PD, a qualitative G6PD rapid diagnostic test (G6PD RDT) intended for use at point-of-care in impoverished rural settings where most malaria patients live, was evaluated.Methodology/Principal Findings
This device and the standard qualitative fluorescent spot test (FST) were each compared against the quantitative spectrophotometric assay for G6PD activity as the diagnostic gold standard. The assessment occurred at meso-endemic Panenggo Ede in western Sumba Island in eastern Indonesia, where 610 residents provided venous blood. The G6PD RDT and FST qualitative assessments were performed in the field, whereas the quantitative assay was performed in a research laboratory at Jakarta. The median G6PD activity ≥5 U/gHb was 9.7 U/gHb and was considered 100% of normal activity. The prevalence of G6PD deficiency by quantitative assessment (<5 U/gHb) was 7.2%. Applying 30% of normal G6PD activity as the cut-off for qualitative testing, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for G6PD RDT versus FST among males were as follows: 100%, 98.7%, 89%, and 100% versus 91.7%, 92%, 55%, and 99%; P = 0.49, 0.001, 0.004, and 0.24, respectively. These values among females were: 83%, 92.7%, 17%, and 99.7% versus 100%, 92%, 18%, and 100%; P = 1.0, 0.89, 1.0 and 1.0, respectively.Conclusions/Significance
The overall performance of G6PD RDT, especially 100% negative predictive value, demonstrates suitable safety for G6PD screening prior to administering hemolytic drugs like primaquine and many others. Relatively poor diagnostic performance among females due to mosaic G6PD phenotype is an inherent limitation of any current practical screening methodology. 相似文献102.
Rosalie Wunderlich 《Plant Systematics and Evolution》1936,85(1):30-55
Ohne ZusammenfassungDiese Arbeit wurde im Botanisehen Institut der Universität Wien (Direktor: Prof. Dr.Fritz Knoll) im Jahre 1935 durchgefiihrt. Meinem hochverehrten Lehrer, Herrn Prof. Dr.Karl Schnarf, danke ich herzlich für die Anregung zu dieser Arbeit und für das große Interesse an ihrem Werden. 相似文献
103.
104.
Nanja A. C. Van Geel Ilse G. Mollet Sofie De Schepper Esther P. M. Tjin Karim Vermaelen Rachael A. Clark Thomas S. Kupper Rosalie M. Luiten Jo Lambert 《Pigment cell & melanoma research》2010,23(3):375-384
Segmental vitiligo is often ascribed to the neurogenic theory of melanocyte destruction, although data about the initial etiopathological events are scarce. Clinical, histopathological and T-cell phenotypic analyses were performed during the early onset of a segmental vitiligo lesion in a patient with associated halo nevi. Histopathological analysis revealed a lymphocytic infiltrate, mainly composed of CD8+ T-cells and some CD4+ T-cells around the dermo–epidermal junction. Flow cytometry analysis of resident T-cells revealed a clear enrichment of pro-inflammatory IFN-γ producing CD8+ T-cells in lesional skin compared to the non-lesional skin. Using human leukocyte antigen-peptide tetramers (MART-1, tyrosinase, gp100), increased numbers of T cells, recognizing melanocyte antigens were found in segmental vitiligo lesional skin, as compared with the non-lesional skin and the blood. Our findings indicate that a CD8+ melanocyte specific T cell-mediated immune response, as observed in generalized vitiligo, also plays a role in segmental vitiligo with associated halo nevi. 相似文献
105.
Rosalie M. Cox 《Archives of microbiology》1966,53(3):263-276
Summary Short-term manometric experiments with bacteria-free cultures of Anabaena cylindrica showed that the close dependency of nitrogen fixation upon photosynthesis could be temporarily eliminated in nitrogen-starved cells. Initial rates of nitrogen uptake by these cells in the absence of carbon dioxide were equally rapid in the light and dark, decreasing and finally ceasing after two hours. Continued steady nitrogen uptake was only maintained for long periods in the presence of carbon dioxide in the light. In the dark, nitrogen uptake was accompanied by carbon dioxide evolution.More oxygen was evolved in the light by cells fixing nitrogen than by those incubated under argon. This additional oxygen evolution could be accounted for by extra carbon dioxide fixation in the presence of nitrogen.Of a number of organic compounds tested, only sodium pyruvate stimulated nitrogen fixation. This stimulation was achieved both in the light and dark and in the presence and absence of carbon dioxide, showing that the role of pyruvate was other than acting as a carbon skeleton.Three metabolic inhibitors, cyanide and chlorpromazine (chiefly respiratory) and phenylurethane (photosynthetic) differentially inhibited photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation. The latter inhibitor had a more marked effect on photosynthesis while the two chiefly respiratory inhibitors had a stronger effect on nitrogen fixation. 相似文献
106.
Pieter M. F. Elshout Rosalie van Zelm Ramkumar Karuppiah Ian J. Laurenzi Mark A. J. Huijbregts 《The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment》2014,19(4):758-769
Purpose
Change of vegetation cover and increased land use intensity, particularly for agricultural use, can affect species richness. Within life cycle impact assessment, methods to assess impacts of land use on a global scale are still in need of development. In this work, we present a spatially explicit data-driven approach to characterize the effect of agricultural land occupation on different species groups.Methods
We derived characterization factors for the direct impact of agricultural land occupation on relative species richness. Our method identifies potential differences in impacts for cultivation of different crop types, on different species groups, and in different world regions. Using empirical species richness data gathered via an extensive literature search, characterization factors were calculated for four crop groups (oil palm, low crops, Pooideae, and Panicoideae), four species groups (arthropods, birds, mammals, and vascular plants), and six biomes.Results and discussion
Analysis of the collected data showed that vascular plant richness is more sensitive than the species richness of arthropods to agricultural land occupation. Regarding the differences between world regions, the impact of agricultural land use was lower in boreal forests/taiga than in temperate and tropical regions. The impact of oil palm plantations was found to be larger than that of Pooideae croplands, although we cannot rule out that this difference is influenced by the spatial difference between the oil palm- and Pooideae-growing regions as well. Analysis of a subset of data showed that the impact of conventional farming was larger than the impact of low-input farming.Conclusions
The impact of land occupation on relative species richness depends on the taxonomic groups considered, the climatic region, and farm management. The influence of crop type, however, was found to be of less importance. 相似文献107.
108.
Brian Clarke Leanne Cutler Emmanuel Demont Colin Dingwall Rachel Dunsdon Julie Hawkins Colin Howes Ishrut Hussain Graham Maile Rosalie Matico Julie Mosley Alan Naylor Alistair O’Brien Sally Redshaw Paul Rowland Virginie Soleil Kathrine J. Smith Sharon Sweitzer Pam Theobald David Vesey Gareth Wayne 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2010,20(15):4639-4644
Inhibition of the aspartyl protease BACE-1 has the potential to deliver a disease-modifying therapy for Alzheimer’s disease. Herein, is described a series of potent inhibitors based on an hydroxyethylamine (HEA) transition state mimetic template. These inhibitors interact with the non prime side of the enzyme using a novel edge-to-face interaction with Arg-296. 相似文献
109.
Dekker Erik Zijp Michiel C. van de Kamp Mirjam E. Temme Elisabeth H. M. van Zelm Rosalie 《The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment》2020,25(12):2315-2324
The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment - Recently, an update of the Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) method ReCiPe was released: ReCiPe 2016. The aim of this study was to analyse the... 相似文献
110.
Anping Xia Yohan Song Rosalie Wang Simon S. Gao Will Clifton Patrick Raphael Sung-il Chao Fred A. Pereira Andrew K. Groves John S. Oghalai 《PloS one》2013,8(12)
The outer hair cell (OHC) motor protein prestin is necessary for electromotility, which drives cochlear amplification and produces exquisitely sharp frequency tuning. TectaC1509G transgenic mice have hearing loss, and surprisingly have increased OHC prestin levels. We hypothesized, therefore, that prestin up-regulation may represent a generalized response to compensate for a state of hearing loss. In the present study, we sought to determine the effects of noise-induced hearing loss on prestin expression. After noise exposure, we performed cytocochleograms and observed OHC loss only in the basal region of the cochlea. Next, we patch clamped OHCs from the apical turn (9–12 kHz region), where no OHCs were lost, in noise-exposed and age-matched control mice. The non-linear capacitance was significantly higher in noise-exposed mice, consistent with higher functional prestin levels. We then measured prestin protein and mRNA levels in whole-cochlea specimens. Both Western blot and qPCR studies demonstrated increased prestin expression after noise exposure. Finally, we examined the effect of the prestin increase in vivo following noise damage. Immediately after noise exposure, ABR and DPOAE thresholds were elevated by 30–40 dB. While most of the temporary threshold shifts recovered within 3 days, there were additional improvements over the next month. However, DPOAE magnitudes, basilar membrane vibration, and CAP tuning curve measurements from the 9–12 kHz cochlear region demonstrated no differences between noise-exposed mice and control mice. Taken together, these data indicate that prestin is up-regulated by 32–58% in residual OHCs after noise exposure and that the prestin is functional. These findings are consistent with the notion that prestin increases in an attempt to partially compensate for reduced force production because of missing OHCs. However, in regions where there is no OHC loss, the cochlea is able to compensate for the excess prestin in order to maintain stable auditory thresholds and frequency discrimination. 相似文献