全文获取类型
收费全文 | 10028篇 |
免费 | 999篇 |
国内免费 | 1239篇 |
专业分类
12266篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 28篇 |
2023年 | 136篇 |
2022年 | 350篇 |
2021年 | 493篇 |
2020年 | 370篇 |
2019年 | 468篇 |
2018年 | 394篇 |
2017年 | 347篇 |
2016年 | 403篇 |
2015年 | 623篇 |
2014年 | 703篇 |
2013年 | 792篇 |
2012年 | 910篇 |
2011年 | 788篇 |
2010年 | 553篇 |
2009年 | 528篇 |
2008年 | 570篇 |
2007年 | 522篇 |
2006年 | 418篇 |
2005年 | 410篇 |
2004年 | 388篇 |
2003年 | 396篇 |
2002年 | 385篇 |
2001年 | 233篇 |
2000年 | 193篇 |
1999年 | 163篇 |
1998年 | 166篇 |
1997年 | 102篇 |
1996年 | 65篇 |
1995年 | 56篇 |
1994年 | 45篇 |
1993年 | 29篇 |
1992年 | 32篇 |
1991年 | 39篇 |
1990年 | 27篇 |
1989年 | 26篇 |
1988年 | 14篇 |
1987年 | 13篇 |
1986年 | 16篇 |
1985年 | 16篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
1948年 | 1篇 |
1947年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Involvement of regulatory volume decrease in the migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Mao JW Wang LW Jacob T Sun XR Li H Zhu LY Li P Zhong P Nie SH Chen LX 《Cell research》2005,15(5):371-378
The transwell chamber migration assay and CCD digital camera imaging techniques were used to investigate the relationship between regulatory volume decrease (RVD) and cell migration in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (CNE-2Z cells). Both migrated and non-migrated CNE-2Z cells, when swollen by 47% hypotonic solution, exhibited RVD which was inhibited by extracellular application of chloride channel blockers adenosine 5‘-triphosphate (ATP), 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid (NPPB) and tamoxifen. However, RVD rate in migrated CNE-2Z cells was bigger than that of non-migrated cells and the sensitivity of migrated cells to NPPB and tamoxifen was higher than that of nonmigrated cells. ATP, NPPB and tamoxifen also inhibited migration of CNE-2Z cells. The inhibition of migration was positively correlated to the blockage of RVD, with a correlation coefficient (r) = 0.99, suggesting a functional relationship between RVD and cell migration. We conclude that RVD is involved in cell migration and RVD may play an important role in migratory process in CNE-2Z cells. 相似文献
12.
Threeextrinsicpolypeptides,whicharelocatedontheinnersurfaceofthylakoidmembrane,playessentialrolesinmaintainingthephotosyntheticevolutionofoxygen.Theyaregenerallyrecognizedasliablecomponentsofthephotosyntheticapparatus,andcanbereleasedbyavarietyofphysic… 相似文献
13.
Three-dimensional quantitative structure–activity relationship (3D-QSAR) studies were performed on a series of substituted 1,4-dihydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazoles inhibitors, using molecular docking and comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA). The docking results from GOLD 3.0.1 provide a reliable conformational alignment scheme for the 3D-QSAR model. Based on the docking conformations and alignments, highly predictive CoMFA model was built with cross-validated q 2 value of 0.534 and non-cross-validated partial least-squares analysis with the optimum components of six showed a conventional r 2 value of 0.911. The predictive ability of this model was validated by the testing set with a conventional r 2 value of 0.812. Based on the docking and CoMFA, we have identified some key features of the 1,4-dihydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazoles derivatives that are responsible for checkpoint kinase 1 inhibitory activity. The analyses may be used to design more potent 1,4-dihydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazoles derivatives and predict their activity prior to synthesis. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
Julien Cappelle Delong Zhao Marius Gilbert Martha I. Nelson Scott H. Newman John Y. Takekawa Nicolas Gaidet Diann J. Prosser Ying Liu Peng Li Yuelong Shu Xiangming Xiao 《EcoHealth》2014,11(1):109-119
For decades, southern China has been considered to be an important source for emerging influenza viruses since key hosts live together in high densities in areas with intensive agriculture. However, the underlying conditions of emergence and spread of avian influenza viruses (AIV) have not been studied in detail, particularly the complex spatiotemporal interplay of viral transmission between wild and domestic ducks, two major actors of AIV epidemiology. In this synthesis, we examine the risks of avian influenza spread in Poyang Lake, an area of intensive free-ranging duck production and large numbers of wild waterfowl. Our synthesis shows that farming of free-grazing domestic ducks is intensive in this area and synchronized with wild duck migration. The presence of juvenile domestic ducks in harvested paddy fields prior to the arrival and departure of migrant ducks in the same fields may amplify the risk of AIV circulation and facilitate the transmission between wild and domestic populations. We provide evidence associating wild ducks migration with the spread of H5N1 in the spring of 2008 from southern China to South Korea, Russia, and Japan, supported by documented wild duck movements and phylogenetic analyses of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 sequences. We suggest that prevention measures based on a modification of agricultural practices may be implemented in these areas to reduce the intensity of AIV transmission between wild and domestic ducks. This would require involving all local stakeholders to discuss feasible and acceptable solutions. 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
Hsiang-Fei Chen Shih-Huan Peng Kun-Hsien Tsai Cheng-Fen Yang Mei-Chun Chang Yeou-Lin Hsueh Chien-Ling Su Ruo-Yu Wang Pei-Yun Shu Su-Lin Yang 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2022,16(4)
Scrub typhus is the most common endemic vector-borne disease in Taiwan. We identified a total of 4,857 laboratory-confirmed cases during 2006–2016 with hyperendemic foci on offshore islands, including Penghu (778 cases, 16.0%) and Kinmen (716 cases, 14.7%), and eastern Taiwan, including Taitung (628 cases, 12.9%) and Hualien (508 cases, 10.5%). Scrub typhus cases occur year-round throughout Taiwan, with a summer peak in June and July. A total of 545 O. tsutsugamushi isolates were successfully obtained from patients infected in diverse geographic areas, including Taiwan and three offshore islands, and the complete open reading frame of the 56 kDa type-specific antigen gene (tsa56) sequence of these isolates was examined. High phylogenetic diversity was found in these isolates, which could be grouped into 36 distinct sequence types. Most isolates belonged to the Karp (49.9%; 272/545), followed by the TW-22 (17.8%; 97/454) and Kawasaki (14.7%; 80/545) genotypes. In conclusion, our data indicate the widespread presence of tsa56 genotypes closely related to Thailand and Korean strains and the presence of the unique endemic strains TW-12, TW-22, TW-29, and TW-36 in Taiwan. 相似文献
20.
Andrea Bazzoli David J. Vance Michael J. Rudolph Yinghui Rong Siva Krishna Angalakurthi Ronald T. Toth IV C. Russell Middaugh David B. Volkin David D. Weis John Karanicolas Nicholas J. Mantis 《Proteins》2017,85(11):1994-2008
In this report we investigated, within a group of closely related single domain camelid antibodies (VHHs), the relationship between binding affinity and neutralizing activity as it pertains to ricin, a fast‐acting toxin and biothreat agent. The V1C7‐like VHHs (V1C7, V2B9, V2E8, and V5C1) are similar in amino acid sequence, but differ in their binding affinities and toxin‐neutralizing activities. Using the X‐ray crystal structure of V1C7 in complex with ricin's enzymatic subunit (RTA) as a template, Rosetta‐based homology modeling coupled with energetic decomposition led us to predict that a single pairwise interaction between Arg29 on V5C1 and Glu67 on RTA was responsible for the difference in ricin toxin binding affinity between V1C7, a weak neutralizer, and V5C1, a moderate neutralizer. This prediction was borne out experimentally: substitution of Arg for Gly at position 29 enhanced V1C7's binding affinity for ricin, whereas the reverse (ie, Gly for Arg at position 29) diminished V5C1's binding affinity by >10 fold. As expected, the V5C1R29G mutant was largely devoid of toxin‐neutralizing activity (TNA). However, the TNA of the V1C7G29R mutant was not correspondingly improved, indicating that in the V1C7 family binding affinity alone does not account for differences in antibody function. V1C7 and V5C1, as well as their respective point mutants, recognized indistinguishable epitopes on RTA, at least at the level of sensitivity afforded by hydrogen‐deuterium mass spectrometry. The results of this study have implications for engineering therapeutic antibodies because they demonstrate that even subtle differences in epitope specificity can account for important differences in antibody function. 相似文献