Accelerated electrons and hard X-ray emission from X-pinches

The generation of accelerated electrons in the X-pinch minidiode is studied experimentally. It is well known that the explosion of an X-pinch consisting of two or more wires is accompanied by the formation of a minidiode, in which electrons are accelerated. The subsequent slowing down of electrons in the products of wire explosion causes the generation of hard X-ray (HXR) emission with photon energies higher than 10 keV. In this work, the spatial and temporal characteristics of X-pinch HXR emission are studied, the specific features of HXR generation are discussed, and the capability of applying this radiation to point-projection X-ray imaging of various plasma and biological objects is considered. The parameters of the electron beam produced in the X-pinch are measured using a Faraday cup and X-ray diagnostics. The experiments were performed with the XP generator (550 kA, 100 ns) at Cornell University (United States) and the BIN generator (270 kA, 150 ns) at the Lebedev Physical Institute (Russia).     

A Study of the Fertility of a Drosophila melanogaster MS Strain with Impaired Transposition Control of the gypsy Mobile Element

Molecular Biology - The flamenco locus is one of the main components of the piRNA pathway of regulation of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in Drosophila melanogaster. Mutations at this locus lead to...     

Makeup of the extracellular lipids in Rhodotorula glutinis yeasts

The fractional composition of extracellular lipids extracted with hexane and ethanol was studied in the yeast Rhodotorula glutinis 35 by thin-layer chromatography. The two extracts of extracellular lipids were found to be similar in composition though differing in the quantitative content of individual fractions. The fractional composition of extracellular lipids differed from that of intracellular lipids. The peculiarity of the fractional composition of extracellular lipids can be accounted for by the specificity of its fatty acid and alcohol composition.     

Ascaris lumbricoides: detecting its metabolites in the urine of infected people using gas-liquid chromatography

Substances dissolved in the urine of people infected with Ascaris lumbricoides were extracted and detected by gas-liquid chromatography. The ratios of the areas of the peaks produced by two substances extracted from urine to the area of the peak of solvent were found to be significantly correlated with the worm burden. A chemical analysis of the predominant substance by infrared spectrophotometry and proton magnetic resonance spectrometry indicated that it was 2-methyl-butyramide. The chemical properties of the other substance indicated that it was 2-methyl-valeramide. These substances are likely to be derivatives of two acids known to be end products of the carbohydrate metabolism of Ascaris.