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Olivier JT Briët Gawrie NL Galappaththy Flemming Konradsen Priyanie H Amerasinghe Felix P Amerasinghe 《Malaria journal》2005,4(1):1-11
In Vietnam, a large proportion of all malaria cases and deaths occurs in the central mountainous and forested part of the country. Indeed, forest malaria, despite intensive control activities, is still a major problem which raises several questions about its dynamics. A large-scale malaria morbidity survey to measure malaria endemicity and identify important risk factors was carried out in 43 villages situated in a forested area of Ninh Thuan province, south central Vietnam. Four thousand three hundred and six randomly selected individuals, aged 10–60 years, participated in the survey. Rag Lays (86%), traditionally living in the forest and practising "slash and burn" cultivation represented the most common ethnic group. The overall parasite rate was 13.3% (range [0–42.3] while Plasmodium falciparum seroprevalence was 25.5% (range [2.1–75.6]). Mapping of these two variables showed a patchy distribution, suggesting that risk factors other than remoteness and forest proximity modulated the human-vector interactions. This was confirmed by the results of the multivariate-adjusted analysis, showing that forest work was a significant risk factor for malaria infection, further increased by staying in the forest overnight (OR= 2.86; 95%CI [1.62; 5.07]). Rag Lays had a higher risk of malaria infection, which inversely related to education level and socio-economic status. Women were less at risk than men (OR = 0.71; 95%CI [0.59; 0.86]), a possible consequence of different behaviour. This study confirms that malaria endemicity is still relatively high in this area and that the dynamics of transmission is constantly modulated by the behaviour of both humans and vectors. A well-targeted intervention reducing the "vector/forest worker" interaction, based on long-lasting insecticidal material, could be appropriate in this environment. 相似文献
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S Perrin J Cremer P Roll O Faucher A Ménard J Reynes P Dellamonica A Naqvi J Micallef E Jouve C Tamalet C Solas C Pissier I Arnoux C Nicolino-Brunet L Espinosa N Lévy E Kaspi A Robaglia-Schlupp I Poizot-Martin P Cau 《PloS one》2012,7(7):e41129
Background
The ANRS EP45 “Aging” study investigates the cellular mechanisms involved in the accelerated aging of HIV-1 infected and treated patients. The data reported focus on mitochondria, organelles known to be involved in cell senescence.Methods
49 HIV-1 infected patients untreated with antiretroviral therapy, together with 49 seronegative age- and sex-matched control subjects and 81 HIV-1 infected and treated patients, were recruited by 3 AIDS centres (Marseille, Montpellier, Nice; France; http://clinicaltrials.gov/, ). In more than 88% of treated patients, the viral load was <40 copies/ml and the CD4+ cell count was >500/mm3. ROS (reactive oxygen species) production and ΔΨm (inner membrane potential) were measured by flow cytometry in blood lymphocytes and monocytes (functional parameters). Three mitochondrial network quantitative morphological parameters were computed using confocal microscopy and image analysis. Three PBMC mitochondrial proteins (porin and subunits 2 and 4 of cytochrome C oxidase encoded by mtDNA or nuclear DNA, respectively) were analysed by western blotting. NCT01038999Results
Quantitative changes in PBMC mitochondrial proteins were not induced by either HIV-1 infection or ART. Discriminant analysis integrating functional (ROS production and ΔΨm) or morphological (network volume density, fragmentation and branching) parameters revealed HIV-1 infection and ART differential effects according to cell type. First line ART tended to rescue lymphocyte mitochondrial parameters altered by viral infection, but induced slight changes in monocytes. No statistical difference was found between the effects of three ART regimens on mitochondrial parameters. Correlations between functional parameters and viral load confirmed the damaging effects of HIV-1 in lymphocyte mitochondria.Conclusions
In patients considered to be clinically stable, mitochondria exhibited functional and morphological modifications in PBMCs resulting from either direct or indirect effects of HIV-1 infection (lymphocytes), or from first line ART (monocytes). Together with other tissue impairments, these changes may contribute to global aging.Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01038999 NCT01038999相似文献117.
Aims: To evaluate the role of the peptidase activities from sourdough lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the degradation of α‐gliadin fragments. Methods and Results: Different proline‐containing substrates were hydrolysed by LAB indicating pro‐specific peptidase activities. Lactobacillus plantarum CRL 775 and Pediococcus pentosaceus CRL 792 displayed the highest tri‐ and di‐peptidase activities, respectively. Lactobacillus plantarum strains hydrolysed more than 60%α‐gliadin fragments corresponding to the 31–43 and 62–75 amino acids in the protein after 2 h. None of the LAB strains alone could hydrolyse 57–89 α‐gliadin peptide; however, the combination of L. plantarum CRL 775 and P. pentosaceus CRL 792 led to hydrolysis (57%) of this peptide in 8 h. Conclusions: The capacity of LAB strains to degrade α‐gliadin fragments was not correlated to individual peptidase activities. Several strains separately degraded the 31–43 and 62–75 α‐gliadin fragments, while the 57–89 peptide degradation was associated with the combination of peptidase profiles from pooled LAB strains. This is the first report on the peptide hydrolase system of sourdough pediococci and its ability to reduce α‐gliadin fragments. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study contributes to a better knowledge of sourdough LAB proteolytic system and its role in the degradation of proline‐rich α‐gliadin peptides involved in celiac disease. 相似文献
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Ana P Teixeira Carlos Alves Paula M Alves Manuel JT Carrondo Rui Oliveira 《BMC bioinformatics》2007,8(1):30
Background
The progress in the "-omic" sciences has allowed a deeper knowledge on many biological systems with industrial interest. This knowledge is still rarely used for advanced bioprocess monitoring and control at the bioreactor level. In this work, a bioprocess control method is presented, which is designed on the basis of the metabolic network of the organism under consideration. The bioprocess dynamics are formulated using hybrid rigorous/data driven systems and its inherent structure is defined by the metabolism elementary modes. 相似文献119.
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Herman MJ Sontrop Perry D Moerland René van den Ham Marcel JT Reinders Wim FJ Verhaegh 《BMC bioinformatics》2009,10(1):389-22