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91.
Henryk Pospieszny Marta Budziszewska Beata Hasiów‐Jaroszewska Aleksandra Obrępalska‐Stęplowska Natasza Borodynko 《Journal of Phytopathology》2010,158(1):56-62
Three isolates of Tomato torrado virus (ToTV) were found in Poland. The isolates were characterized on the basis of their symptomatology on plant species, serological reactions, electron microscopy, and nucleotide and amino acid sequence analyses of coat protein subunit genes. In comparative tests, the Polish ToTV isolates were shown to be closely related to each other and also to the isolate from Spain. 相似文献
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Ageing can be defined as “a progressive, generalized impairment of function, resulting in an increased vulnerability to environmental challenge and a growing risk of disease and death”. Ageing is likely a multifactorial process caused by accumulated damage to a variety of cellular components. During the last 20 years, gerontological studies have revealed different molecular pathways involved in the ageing process and pointed out mitochondria as one of the key regulators of longevity. Increasing age in mammals correlates with increased levels of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and a deteriorating respiratory chain function. Experimental evidence in the mouse has linked increased levels of somatic mtDNA mutations to a variety of ageing phenotypes, such as osteoporosis, hair loss, graying of the hair, weight reduction and decreased fertility. A mosaic respiratory chain deficiency in a subset of cells in various tissues, such as heart, skeletal muscle, colonic crypts and neurons, is typically found in aged humans. It has been known for a long time that respiratory chain-deficient cells are more prone to undergo apoptosis and an increased cell loss is therefore likely of importance in the age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review, we would like to point out the link between the mitochondrial energy balance and ageing, as well as a possible connection between the mitochondrial metabolism and molecular pathways important for the lifespan extension. 相似文献
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95.
Aleksandra Eckstein Patrycja Zi?ba Halina Gabry? 《Journal of Plant Growth Regulation》2012,31(1):90-101
Light and sugars are fundamental elements of plant metabolism and play signaling roles in many processes. They are also critical
factors determining the condition of plants cultured in vitro. The aim of this work was to investigate the simultaneous influence
of irradiance and sugar content in the medium on the growth and photosynthetic apparatus condition of Arabidopsis thaliana in vitro. Plants were grown on media containing 1 or 3% of sucrose or glucose at three irradiances: 25, 100, and 250 μmol m−2 s−1 (weak, medium, and strong light). Media without sugar were used for control plants. Plant growth parameters were measured
and the following physiological processes were investigated: photosynthesis, blue light-induced chloroplast relocations, and
xanthophyll cycle activity. The expression of genes related to these processes was analyzed. The presence of sugar in the
medium was found to be essential for the growth of Arabidopsis in vitro. Weak light significantly limited growth and the capacity to acclimate to changing light conditions. Strong light
was a source of stress in some cases. Contrary to earlier reports, exogenous sugars showed a positive effect on photosynthesis.
At higher concentration they acted as photoprotectants, overcoming the negative influence of strong light on photosynthesis
and the xanthophyll cycle. The expression of all investigated genes was influenced by irradiance and sugar presence. In many
cases differential effects of sugar type and concentration could be observed. The specific effects of some irradiance/sugar
concentration combinations point to possible interactions between sugar- and light-induced signaling pathways. 相似文献
96.
Amber Ronteltap Hans van Trijp Aleksandra Berezowska Jo Goossens 《Genes & nutrition》2013,8(2):153-163
Nutritional advice has mainly focused on population-level recommendations. Recent developments in nutrition, communication, and marketing sciences have enabled potential deviations from this dominant business model in the direction of personalisation of nutrition advice. Such personalisation efforts can take on many forms, but these have in common that they can only be effective if they are supported by a viable business model. The present paper takes an inventory of approaches to personalised nutrition currently available in the market place as its starting point to arrive at an identification of their underlying business models. This analysis is presented as a unifying framework against which the potential of nutrigenomics-based personalised advice can be assessed. It has uncovered nine archetypical approaches to personalised nutrition advice in terms of their dominant underlying business models. Differentiating features among such business models are the type of information that is used as a basis for personalisation, the definition of the target group, the communication channels that are being adopted, and the partnerships that are built as a part of the business model. Future research should explore the consumer responses to the diversity of “archetypical” business models for personalised nutrition advice as a source of market information on which the delivery of nutrigenomics-based personalised nutrition advice may further build. 相似文献
97.
Thomas Dupic Meriem Bensouda Koraichi Anastasia A. Minervina Mikhail V. Pogorelyy Thierry Mora Aleksandra M. Walczak 《PLoS genetics》2021,17(1)
Immune repertoires provide a unique fingerprint reflecting the immune history of individuals, with potential applications in precision medicine. However, the question of how personal that information is and how it can be used to identify individuals has not been explored. Here, we show that individuals can be uniquely identified from repertoires of just a few thousands lymphocytes. We present “Immprint,” a classifier using an information-theoretic measure of repertoire similarity to distinguish pairs of repertoire samples coming from the same versus different individuals. Using published T-cell receptor repertoires and statistical modeling, we tested its ability to identify individuals with great accuracy, including identical twins, by computing false positive and false negative rates < 10−6 from samples composed of 10,000 T-cells. We verified through longitudinal datasets that the method is robust to acute infections and that the immune fingerprint is stable for at least three years. These results emphasize the private and personal nature of repertoire data. 相似文献
98.
Agata Plesnar-Bielak Aleksandra Łukasiewicz 《Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society》2021,96(5):1854-1867
Sexual conflict has extremely important consequences for various evolutionary processes including its effect on local adaptation and extinction probability during environmental change. The awareness that the intensity and dynamics of sexual conflict is highly dependent on the ecological setting of a population has grown in recent years, but much work is yet to be done. Here, we review progress in our understanding of the ecology of sexual conflict and how the environmental sensitivity of such conflict feeds back into population adaptivity and demography, which, in turn, determine a population's chances of surviving a sudden environmental change. We link two possible forms of sexual conflict – intralocus and interlocus sexual conflict – in an environmental context and identify major gaps in our knowledge. These include sexual conflict responses to fluctuating and oscillating environmental changes and its influence on the interplay between interlocus and intralocus sexual conflict, among others. We also highlight the need to move our investigations into more natural settings and to investigate sexual conflict dynamics in wild populations. 相似文献
99.
Swida A Czarna M Woyda-Płoszczyca A Kicinska A Sluse FE Jarmuszkiewicz W 《Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes》2007,39(1):109-115
A profile of free fatty acid (FFA) specificity in Acanthamoeba castellanii mitochondrial uncoupling is described. The FFA uncoupling specificity was observed as different abilities to stimulate resting
respiration, to decrease resting membrane potential, and to decrease oxidative phosphorylation efficiency. Tested unsaturated
FFA (C18–20) were more effective as uncouplers and protonophores when compared to tested saturated FFA (C8–18), with palmitic
acid (C16:0) as the most active. As FFA efficiency in mitochondrial uncoupling is related to physiological changes of fatty
acid composition (and thereby FFA availability) during growth of amoeba cells, it could be a way to regulate the activity
of an uncoupling protein and thereby the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation during a cell life of this unicellular organism.
Aleksandra Swida and Małgorzata Czarna contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
100.