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31.
Wither J Cai YC Lim S McKenzie T Roslin N Claudio JO Cooper GS Hudson TJ Paterson AD Greenwood CM Gladman D Pope J Pineau CA Smith CD Hanly JG Peschken C Boire G;CaNIOS Investigators Fortin PR 《Arthritis research & therapy》2008,10(5):R108-13
Introduction
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a genetically complex disease. Currently, the precise allelic polymorphisms associated with this condition remain largely unidentified. In part this reflects the fact that multiple genes, each having a relatively minor effect, act in concert to produce disease. Given this complexity, analysis of subclinical phenotypes may aid in the identification of susceptibility alleles. Here, we used flow cytometry to investigate whether some of the immune abnormalities that are seen in the peripheral blood lymphocyte population of lupus patients are seen in their first-degree relatives.Methods
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from the subjects, stained with fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal antibodies to identify various cellular subsets, and analyzed by flow cytometry.Results
We found reduced proportions of natural killer (NK)T cells among 367 first-degree relatives of lupus patients as compared with 102 control individuals. There were also slightly increased proportions of memory B and T cells, suggesting increased chronic low-grade activation of the immune system in first-degree relatives. However, only the deficiency of NKT cells was associated with a positive anti-nuclear antibody test and clinical autoimmune disease in family members. There was a significant association between mean parental, sibling, and proband values for the proportion of NKT cells, suggesting that this is a heritable trait.Conclusions
The findings suggest that analysis of cellular phenotypes may enhance the ability to detect subclinical lupus and that genetically determined altered immunoregulation by NKT cells predisposes first-degree relatives of lupus patients to the development of autoimmunity. 相似文献32.
A report on the First International Symposium of the Austrian Proteomics Platform, Seefeld, Austria, 26-29 January 2004. 相似文献
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34.
Background
In many areas of medical research, a bivariate analysis is desirable because it simultaneously tests two response variables that are of equal interest and importance in two populations. Several parametric and nonparametric bivariate procedures are available for the location problem but each of them requires a series of stringent assumptions such as specific distribution, affine-invariance or elliptical symmetry. 相似文献35.
FOXOs support the metabolic requirements of normal and tumor cells by promoting IDH1 expression
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36.
The Notch pathway contributes to self-renewal of tumor-initiating cell and inhibition of normal colonic epithelial cell differentiation. Deregulated expression of Notch1 and Jagged1 is observed in colorectal cancer. Hairy/enhancer of split (HES) family, the most characterized targets of Notch, involved in the development of many cancers. In this study, we explored the role of Hes1 in the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer. Knocking down Hes1 induced CRC cell senescence and decreased the invasion ability, whereas over-expression of Hes1 increased STAT3 phosphorylation activity and up-regulated MMP14 protein level. We further explored the expression of Hes1 in human colorectal cancer and found high Hes1 mRNA expression is associated with poor prognosis in CRC patients. These findings suggest that Hes1 regulates the invasion ability through the STAT3-MMP14 pathway in CRC cells and high Hes1 expression is a predictor of poor prognosis of CRC. 相似文献
37.
Ali Ebrahim Eivind Almaas Eugen Bauer Aarash Bordbar Anthony P Burgard Roger L Chang Andreas Dräger Iman Famili Adam M Feist Ronan MT Fleming Stephen S Fong Vassily Hatzimanikatis Markus J Herrgård Allen Holder Michael Hucka Daniel Hyduke Neema Jamshidi Sang Yup Lee Nicolas Le Novère Joshua A Lerman Nathan E Lewis Ding Ma Radhakrishnan Mahadevan Costas Maranas Harish Nagarajan Ali Navid Jens Nielsen Lars K Nielsen Juan Nogales Alberto Noronha Csaba Pal Bernhard O Palsson Jason A Papin Kiran R Patil Nathan D Price Jennifer L Reed Michael Saunders Ryan S Senger Nikolaus Sonnenschein Yuekai Sun Ines Thiele 《Molecular systems biology》2015,11(10)
38.
Francesco Spinelli Antonio Cellini Joel L. Vanneste Maria T. Rodriguez-Estrada Guglielmo Costa Stefano Savioli Frans J. M. Harren Simona M. Cristescu 《Trees - Structure and Function》2012,26(1):141-152
Several analytical techniques such as gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, proton transfer reaction–mass spectrometry and
laser photoacoustic detection, were used to characterize the volatiles emitted by Erwinia amylovora and other plant-pathogenic bacteria. Diverse volatiles were found to be emitted by the different bacterial species examined.
The distinct blend of volatiles produced by bacteria allowed their identification using an electronic nose (e-nose). The present
study reports the discrimination of E. amylovora, the fire blight pathogen, from other plant-associated bacteria using an e-nose based on metal oxide semiconductor sensors.
Two different approaches were used for bacterial identification. The first one was the direct comparison of the odorous profiles
of unknown bacterial isolates with four selected reference species. The second approach was the use of previously developed
databases representing the odorous variability among several bacterial species. Using these two strategies, the e-nose successfully
identified the isolates in 87.5 and 62.5% of the cases, respectively. Finally, the profiling of the volatiles emitted by E. amylovora lead to identify some metabolic markers with a potential biological activity in vitro. 相似文献
39.
MT Butcher JW Hermanson NG Ducharme LM Mitchell LV Soderholm JE Bertram 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology》2009,152(1):100-114
The forelimb digital flexors of the horse display remarkable diversity in muscle architecture despite each muscle-tendon unit having a similar mechanical advantage across the fetlock joint. We focus on two distinct muscles of the digital flexor system: short compartment deep digital flexor (DDF(sc)) and the superficial digital flexor (SDF). The objectives were to investigate force-length behavior and work performance of these two muscles in vivo during locomotion, and to determine how muscle architecture contributes to in vivo function in this system. We directly recorded muscle force (via tendon strain gauges) and muscle fascicle length (via sonomicrometry crystals) as horses walked (1.7 m s(-1)), trotted (4.1 m s(-1)) and cantered (7.0 m s(-1)) on a motorized treadmill. Over the range of gaits and speeds, DDF(sc) fascicles shortened while producing relatively low force, generating modest positive net work. In contrast, SDF fascicles initially shortened, then lengthened while producing high force, resulting in substantial negative net work. These findings suggest the long fibered, unipennate DDF(sc) supplements mechanical work during running, whereas the short fibered, multipennate SDF is specialized for economical high force and enhanced elastic energy storage. Apparent in vivo functions match well with the distinct architectural features of each muscle. 相似文献
40.
Interactions of divalent cations with single calcium channels from rat brain synaptosomes 总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7
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MT Nelson 《The Journal of general physiology》1986,87(2):201-222
Voltage-dependent calcium channels from a rat brain membrane preparation ("synaptosomes") were incorporated into planar lipid bilayers. The effects of calcium, barium, strontium, manganese, and cadmium ions on the amplitudes and kinetics of single channel currents were examined. The order of single channel conductances was gBa greater than gSr greater than gMn, which was the inverse of the order of the mean channel open times: TMn greater than TCa = TSr greater than TBa. In contrast, the identity of the charge carrier had little or no effect on the mean closed times of the channel. Manganese, in the absence of other permeant ions, can pass through single channels (gMn = 4 pS). However, when added to a solution that contained another type of permeant divalent cation, manganese reduced the single channel current in a voltage-dependent manner. Cadmium, a potent blocker of macroscopic "ensemble" calcium currents in many preparations, reduced the current through an open channel in a manner consistent with Cd ions both not being measurably permeant and interacting with a single site. The permeant ions competed with cadmium for this site with the following order: Mn greater than Sr = Ca greater than Ba. These results are consistent with the existence of no less than one divalent cation binding site in the channel that regulates ion permeation. 相似文献