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131.
Papillomavirus subtypes are natural and old taxa: phylogeny of human papillomavirus types 44 and 55 and 68a and -b
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Calleja-Macias IE Kalantari M Allan B Williamson AL Chung LP Collins RJ Zuna RE Dunn ST Ortiz-Lopez R Barrera-Saldaña HA Cubie HA Cuschieri K Villa LL Bernard HU 《Journal of virology》2005,79(10):6565-6569
A human papillomavirus (HPV) type is defined as an HPV isolate whose L1 gene sequence is at least 10% different from that of any other type, while a subtype is 2 to 10% different from any HPV type. In order to analyze the phylogeny behind the subtype definition, we compared 49 isolates of HPV type 44 (HPV-44) and its subtype HPV-55, previously misclassified as a separate type, and 41 isolates of the subtype pair HPV-68a and -b, sampled from cohorts in four continents. The subtypes of each pair are separated by deep dichotomic branching, and three of the four subtypes have evolved large phylogenetic clusters of genomic variants forming a "star" phylogeny, with some branches specific for ethnically defined cohorts. We conclude that subtypes of HPV types are natural and old taxa, equivalent to types, which either diverged more recently than types or evolved more slowly. 相似文献
132.
Characterization of the guinea pig 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta5-Delta4-isomerase expressed in the adrenal gland and gonads 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Durocher F Sanchez R Ricketts ML Labrie Y Laudet V Simard J 《The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology》2005,97(3):289-298
The guinea pig adrenal gland, analogous to the human, possesses the capacity to synthesize C(19) steroids. In order to further understand the control of guinea pig adrenal steroidogenesis we undertook the characterization of the guinea pig 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta(5)-Delta(4)-isomerase (3beta-HSD) expressed in the adrenal gland. A cDNA clone encoding guinea pig 3beta-HSD isolated from a guinea pig adrenal library is predicted to encode a protein of 373 amino acid residues and 41,475Da. Ribonuclease protection assay suggests that this cDNA corresponds to the predominant, if not the sole, mRNA species detectable in total RNA from the guinea pig adrenal gland, ovary and testis. The guinea pig 3beta-HSD shows a similar affinity for both pregnenolone and dehydroepiandrosterone, and in addition, a 17beta-HSD type II-like activity was also observed. A phylogenetical analysis of the 3beta-HSD gene family demonstrates that the guinea pig is in a parallel branch to the myomorpha group supporting the hypothesis that the guinea pig lineage has branched off after the divergence among primates, artiodactyls and rodents, suggesting the paraphyly of the order rodentia. 相似文献
133.
Rubn Lisker Rocio Perez-Briceo Julio Granados Victoria Babinsky Jesus de Rubens Salvador Armendares Leonora Buentello 《American journal of physical anthropology》1986,71(2):203-207
Five hundred and ten students of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México were tested to determine the distribution of ABO, MN, Rr-Hr blood groups, and serum haptoglobin, albumin, and Factor Bf types. Based on the results we found that the proportion of Indian and White genes are of 56.16 and 43.84%, respectively in the dihybrid model and 2.93, 56.22, and 40.85% for Blacks, Indians, and Whites in the trihybrid one. The present study reveals a higher proportion of Indian genes in the Mexico City population than estimated in previous publications. Reasons why the present results apply to a much larger group of Mexico City mestizos than the previous ones are given. 相似文献
134.
Katherine N Choe Claudia M Nicolae Daniel Constantin Yuka Imamura Kawasawa Maria Rocio Delgado‐Diaz Subhajyoti De Raimundo Freire Veronique AJ Smits George‐Lucian Moldovan 《EMBO reports》2016,17(6):874-886
Defects in DNA replication, DNA damage response, and DNA repair compromise genomic stability and promote cancer development. In particular, unrepaired DNA lesions can arrest the progression of the DNA replication machinery during S‐phase, causing replication stress, mutations, and DNA breaks. HUWE1 is a HECT‐type ubiquitin ligase that targets proteins involved in cell fate, survival, and differentiation. Here, we report that HUWE1 is essential for genomic stability, by promoting replication of damaged DNA. We show that HUWE1‐knockout cells are unable to mitigate replication stress, resulting in replication defects and DNA breakage. Importantly, we find that this novel role of HUWE1 requires its interaction with the replication factor PCNA, a master regulator of replication fork restart, at stalled replication forks. Finally, we provide evidence that HUWE1 mono‐ubiquitinates H2AX to promote signaling at stalled forks. Altogether, our work identifies HUWE1 as a novel regulator of the replication stress response. 相似文献
135.
Rocio Sanchez-Alcudia Maria Garcia-Hoyos Miguel Angel Lopez-Martinez Noelia Sanchez-Bolivar Olga Zurita Ascension Gimenez Cristina Villaverde Luciana Rodrigues-Jacy da Silva Marta Corton Raquel Perez-Carro Simona Torriano Vasiliki Kalatzis Carlo Rivolta Almudena Avila-Fernandez Isabel Lorda Maria J. Trujillo-Tiebas Blanca Garcia-Sandoval Maria Isabel Lopez-Molina Fiona Blanco-Kelly Rosa Riveiro-Alvarez Carmen Ayuso 《PloS one》2016,11(4)
Choroideremia (CHM) is a rare X-linked disease leading to progressive retinal degeneration resulting in blindness. The disorder is caused by mutations in the CHM gene encoding REP-1 protein, an essential component of the Rab geranylgeranyltransferase (GGTase) complex. In the present study, we evaluated a multi-technique analysis algorithm to describe the mutational spectrum identified in a large cohort of cases and further correlate CHM variants with phenotypic characteristics and biochemical defects of choroideremia patients. Molecular genetic testing led to the characterization of 36 out of 45 unrelated CHM families (80%), allowing the clinical reclassification of four CHM families. Haplotype reconstruction showed independent origins for the recurrent p.Arg293* and p.Lys178Argfs*5 mutations, suggesting the presence of hotspots in CHM, as well as the identification of two different unrelated events involving exon 9 deletion. No certain genotype-phenotype correlation could be established. Furthermore, all the patients´ fibroblasts analyzed presented significantly increased levels of unprenylated Rabs proteins compared to control cells; however, this was not related to the genotype. This research demonstrates the major potential of the algorithm proposed for diagnosis. Our data enhance the importance of establish a differential diagnosis with other retinal dystrophies, supporting the idea of an underestimated prevalence of choroideremia. Moreover, they suggested that the severity of the disorder cannot be exclusively explained by the genotype. 相似文献
136.
Emma M. Brown Gordon J. McDougall Derek Stewart Gema Pereira-Caro Rocio González-Barrio Philip Allsopp Pamela Magee Alan Crozier Ian Rowland Chris I. R. Gill 《PloS one》2012,7(11)
Fruit and vegetable consumption is associated at the population level with a protective effect against colorectal cancer. Phenolic compounds, especially abundant in berries, are of interest due to their putative anticancer activity. After consumption, however, phenolic compounds are subject to digestive conditions within the gastrointestinal tract that alter their structures and potentially their function. However, the majority of phenolic compounds are not efficiently absorbed in the small intestine and a substantial portion pass into the colon. We characterized berry extracts (raspberries, strawberries, blackcurrants) produced by in vitro-simulated upper intestinal tract digestion and subsequent fecal fermentation. These extracts and selected individual colonic metabolites were then evaluated for their putative anticancer activities using in vitro models of colorectal cancer, representing the key stages of initiation, promotion and invasion. Over a physiologically-relevant dose range (0–50 µg/ml gallic acid equivalents), the digested and fermented extracts demonstrated significant anti-genotoxic, anti-mutagenic and anti-invasive activity on colonocytes. This work indicates that phenolic compounds from berries undergo considerable structural modifications during their passage through the gastrointestinal tract but their breakdown products and metabolites retain biological activity and can modulate cellular processes associated with colon cancer. 相似文献
137.
Ralf Horbach Aura Rocio Navarro-QuesadaWolfgang Knogge Holger B. Deising 《Journal of plant physiology》2011,168(1):51-62
Fungi cause severe diseases on a broad range of crop and ornamental plants, leading to significant economical losses. Plant pathogenic fungi exhibit a huge variability in their mode of infection, differentiation and function of infection structures and nutritional strategy. In this review, advances in understanding mechanisms of biotrophy, necrotrophy and hemibiotrophic lifestyles are described. Special emphasis is given to the biotrophy-necrotrophy switch of hemibiotrophic pathogens, and to biosynthesis, chemical diversity and mode of action of various fungal toxins produced during the infection process. 相似文献
138.
139.
Rocio Mateo-Gallego Maria Solanas-Barca Elena Burillo Ana Cenarro Iva Marques-Lopes Fernando Civeira 《Journal of physiology and biochemistry》2010,66(3):229-236
Iron deposits are associated with lipid phenotype in familial hypertriglyceridemias, mainly familial combined hyperlipidemia
(FCH) and familial hypertriglyceridemia (FHTG). In turn, diet plays an important role in hypertriglyceridemias although it
is not known if dietary patterns are associated with iron concentration in these disorders. The objective was to determine
the relationship between diet and iron deposits, measured through serum ferritin concentration, in patients with FCH and FHTG.
The study was composed of 140 patients, 107 with FCH and 33 with FHTG. Subjects completed a validated 137-item food frequency
questionnaire. Dividing subjects by ferritin tertiles adjusted by sex, there were no significant differences in dietary patterns
except in dairy products consumption which was lower in the highest ferritin tertile. Subjects were also divided by triglycerides
tertiles adjusted by sex. Those subjects in the highest tertile had lower HDL cholesterol and higher ferritin concentrations.
Regarding to dietary parameters, there were significant differences in marine omega three fatty acids and vegetables presenting
higher and lower consumption, respectively, those patients in the highest tertile of triglycerides. Moreover, there was not
a significant correlation between dietary iron intake and any parameter, both biochemical and dietary, including ferritin
concentrations. In conclusion, in patients with primary hypertriglyceridemia, triglycerides are associated with ferritin concentrations
but dietary patterns are not related to iron deposits. Our results highly support the concept that the genetic mechanisms
driven to hypertriglyceridemia also favor iron overload. 相似文献
140.
Rocio J. Alcántara-Hernández Carla M. Centeno Alejandro Ponce-Mendoza Silvia Batista Martin Merino-Ibarra Julio Campo Luisa I. Falcón 《Polar Biology》2014,37(3):403-416
Cyanobacterial microbial mats are highly structured communities commonly found in Antarctic inland waters including melt streams. These benthic microbial associations comprise a large number of microorganisms with different metabolic capacities, impacting nutrient dynamics where established. The denitrification process is a feasible nitrogen loss pathway and a biological source of nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas that also promotes ozone depletion. Potential denitrifiers from five microbial mats were characterized using a PCR-DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) approach. Molecular markers encoding for key enzymes in the denitrification process (nirK, nirS and nosZ) were used. Fingerprints were obtained for the five sampled mats and compared for two successive years. Distance analysis showed that despite the sampled year, the denitrifying genetic potential was similar between most of the sites when represented in Euclidean space. The number of dominant denitrifiers detected for each sample ranged between 6 and 18 for nirK, 4–10 for nirS and 6–17 for nosZ. The seventy-two sequenced phylotypes showed 80–98 % identity to previously reported environmental sequences from water column, sediments and soil samples. These results suggest that Antarctic microbial mats have a large denitrification potential, previously uncharacterized and composed by both site-specific and common phylotypes belonging mainly to Alpha-, Beta- and Gammaproteobacteria. 相似文献