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61.
A novel glycan modifies the flagellar filament proteins of the oral bacterium Treponema denticola
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Kurni Kurniyati John F. Kelly Evgeny Vinogradov Anna Robotham Youbing Tu Juyu Wang Jun Liu Susan M. Logan Chunhao Li 《Molecular microbiology》2017,103(1):67-85
While protein glycosylation has been reported in several spirochetes including the syphilis bacterium Treponema pallidum and Lyme disease pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi, the pertinent glycan structures and their roles remain uncharacterized. Herein, a novel glycan with an unusual chemical composition and structure in the oral spirochete Treponema denticola, a keystone pathogen of periodontitis was reported. The identified glycan of mass 450.2 Da is composed of a monoacetylated nonulosonic acid (Non) with a novel extended N7 acyl modification, a 2‐methoxy‐4,5,6‐trihydroxy‐hexanoyl residue in which the Non has a pseudaminic acid configuration (L‐glycero‐L‐manno) and is β ‐linked to serine or threonine residues. This novel glycan modifies the flagellin proteins (FlaBs) of T. denticola by O‐linkage at multiple sites near the D1 domain, a highly conserved region of bacterial flagellins that interact with Toll‐like receptor 5. Furthermore, mutagenesis studies demonstrate that the glycosylation plays an essential role in the flagellar assembly and motility of T. denticola. To our knowledge, this novel glycan and its unique modification sites have not been reported previously in any bacteria. 相似文献
62.
Robert NG Miller David J Bertioli Franc C Baurens Candice MR Santos Paulo C Alves Natalia F Martins Roberto C Togawa Manoel T Souza Júnior Georgios J Pappas Júnior 《BMC plant biology》2008,8(1):15
Background
Many commercial banana varieties lack sources of resistance to pests and diseases, as a consequence of sterility and narrow genetic background. Fertile wild relatives, by contrast, possess greater variability and represent potential sources of disease resistance genes (R-genes). The largest known family of plant R-genes encode proteins with nucleotide-binding site (NBS) and C-terminal leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains. Conserved motifs in such genes in diverse plant species offer a means for isolation of candidate genes in banana which may be involved in plant defence. 相似文献63.
Ankit Magotra I. D. Gupta Archana Verma Rani Alex Vineeth MR Tavsief Ahmad 《Animal biotechnology》2019,30(1):75-81
The present study was conducted to identify polymorphisms in CACNA2D1 gene and their association with clinical mastitis and production traits. Exon 18 and its flanking regions were screened for the presence of SNPs. Statistical analysis was performed to identify association of period of birth, breed, and genotype with mastitis incidence on randomly selected 103 Sahiwal and 102 Karan Fries cattle. PCR-RFLP analysis revealed that g.38819398G?>?A mutation in exon 18 (269?bp amplicon) of CACNA2D1 gene resolved into AA, AG, and GG genotypes in Sahiwal and Karan Fries cattle. Wald chi-square analysis revealed that the period of birth, breed, and genotype were significantly associated with mastitis incidence. GG genotyped cattle were found to be less susceptible to mastitis. Least square analysis revealed that GG and AG genotype animals of G38819398A SNP of CACNA2D1 gene in Sahiwal as well as in Karan Fries cattle were associated with higher average milk yields during 1st, 2nd, and 3rd lactations (P?<?0.01). These observations and their differential association with the incidence of mastitis and production traits can be utilized as an aid to selection for simultaneous improvement of both antagonistic traits; however, validation of results on large number of animals is warranted. 相似文献
64.
Joey G. Sheff John F. Kelly Anna Robotham Traian Sulea Flix Malenfant Denis LAbb Mlanie Duchesne Alex Pelletier Jean Lefebvre Andrea Acel Marie Parat Mylene Gosselin Cunle Wu Yves Fortin Jason Baardsnes Henk Van Faassen Shannon Awrey Shawn C. Chafe Paul C. McDonald Shoukat Dedhar Anne E.G. Lenferink 《MABS-AUSTIN》2021,13(1)
65.
66.
Rodrigo M Mota João S Luiz Moreira Marcelo R Souza M Fátima Horta Santuza MR Teixeira Elisabeth Neumann Jacques R Nicoli Álvaro C Nunes 《BMC biotechnology》2006,6(1):2-11
Background
The use of lactic acid bacteria as vehicles to delivery antigens to immunize animals is a promising issue. When genetically modified, these bacteria can induce a specific local and systemic immune response against selected pathogens. Gastric acid and bile salts tolerance, production of antagonistic substances against pathogenic microorganisms, and adhesive ability to gut epithelium are other important characteristics that make these bacteria useful for oral immunization. 相似文献67.
Effects of arousal and sleep state on systemic and pulmonary hemodynamics in obstructive apnea. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
H Schneider C D Schaub C A Chen K A Andreoni A R Schwartz P L Smith J L Robotham C P O'Donnell 《Journal of applied physiology》2000,88(3):1084-1092
During obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), systemic (Psa) and pulmonary (Ppa) arterial pressures acutely increase after apnea termination, whereas left and right ventricular stroke volumes (SV) reach a nadir. In a canine model (n = 6), we examined the effects of arousal, parasympathetic blockade (atropine 1 mg/kg iv), and sleep state on cardiovascular responses to OSA. In the absence of arousal, SV remained constant after apnea termination, compared with a 4.4 +/- 1.7% decrease after apnea with arousal (P < 0.025). The rise in transmural Ppa was independent of arousal (4.5 +/- 1.0 vs. 4.1 +/- 1.2 mmHg with and without arousal, respectively), whereas Psa increased more after apnea termination in apneas with arousal compared with apneas without arousal. Parasympathetic blockade abolished the arousal-induced increase in Psa, indicating that arousal is associated with a vagal withdrawal of the parasympathetic tone to the heart. Rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep blunted the increase in Psa (pre- to end-apnea: 5.6 +/- 2.3 mmHg vs. 10.3 +/- 1.6 mmHg, REM vs. non-REM, respectively, P < 0.025), but not transmural Ppa, during an obstructive apnea. We conclude that arousal and sleep state both have differential effects on the systemic and pulmonary circulation in OSA, indicating that, in patients with underlying cardiovascular disease, the hemodynamic consequences of OSA may be different for the right or the left side of the circulation. 相似文献
68.
Nanees F El-Malkey Amira E Alsemeh Wesam MR Ashour Nancy H Hassan Husam M Edrees 《Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.)》2021,246(11):1307
Intestinal tissue is highly susceptible to ischemia/reperfusion injury in many hazardous health conditions. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant glycoprotein fetuin-A showed efficacy in cerebral ischemic injury; however, its protective role against intestinal ischemia/reperfusion remains elusive. Therefore, this study investigated the protective role of fetuin-A supplementation against intestinal structural changes and dysfunction in a rat model of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion. We equally divided 72 male rats into control, sham, ischemia/reperfusion, and fetuin-A-pretreated ischemia/reperfusion (100 mg/kg/day fetuin-A intraperitoneally for three days prior to surgery and a third dose 1 h prior to the experiment) groups. After 2 h of reperfusion, the jejunum was dissected and examined for spontaneous contractility. A jejunal homogenate was used to assess inflammatory and oxidative stress enzymes. Staining of histological sections was carried out with hematoxylin, eosin and Masson’s trichrome stain for evaluation. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect autophagy proteins beclin-1, LC3, and p62. This study found that fetuin-A significantly improved ischemia/reperfusion-induced mucosal injury by reducing the percentage of areas of collagen deposition, increasing the amplitude of spontaneous contraction, decreasing inflammation and oxidative stress, and upregulating p62 expression, which was accompanied by beclin-1 and LC3 downregulation. Our findings suggest that fetuin-A treatment can prevent ischemia/reperfusion-induced jejunal structural and functional changes by increasing antioxidant activity and regulating autophagy disturbances observed in the ischemia/reperfusion rat model. Furthermore, fetuin-A may provide a protective influence against intestinal ischemia/reperfusion complications. 相似文献
69.
P. W. J. Robotham 《Hydrobiologia》1981,85(2):129-136
751 specimens of spined loach, Cobitis taenia (L.), were collected and studied over the period October 1972–October 1974. The majority of the males were found to die at
the end of the 2+ season and the majority of the females at the end of the 3+ season.
Back calculations for length at age were carried out from otolith measurements and found to correspond closely to actual measurements.
Males and females grew similarly up until the end of their 1+ year of life, with most rapid growth occurring in the first
year. Females continued to grow rapidly up to 2+, the rate then being reduced; the males showed an increasingly reduced rate
of growth after the 1+ year. Ford Walford plots gave L∞ results which corresponded closely in most cases with the largest
observed specimens.
Gonad development and maturation of males and females followed different patterns. Males matured during the 1 + year at a
length of approximately 40 mm from which point their dry gonad weight remained at a steady 0.02–0.03% of the body weight.
Females appeared to mature a year later and their ovary weight and oocyte diameter increased with fish age. A seasonal cycle
in gonad development was evident in females.
There was a greater proportion of females to males, especially in the older age group. Spawning time was estimated to be between
June and July. 相似文献
70.
Aline B. Vieira Luciana P. Coelho Daniella B. R. Insuela Vinicius F. Carvalho Marcelo H. dos Santos Patricia MR. Silva Marco A. Martins 《PloS one》2013,8(8)
Previous studies have described the antispasmodic effect of mangiferin, a natural glucoside xanthone (2-C-β-Dgluco-pyranosyl-1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone) that is present in mango trees and other plants, but its mechanism of action remains unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the potential contribution of the nitric oxide-cyclic GMP pathway to the antispasmodic effect of mangiferin on isolated tracheal rings preparations. The functional effect of mangiferin on allergic and non-allergic contraction of guinea pig tracheal rings was assessed in conventional organ baths. Cultured tracheal rings were exposed to mangiferin or vehicle, and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) 3 and cyclic GMP (cGMP) levels were quantified using western blotting and enzyme immunoassays, respectively. Mangiferin (0.1–10 µM) inhibited tracheal contractions induced by distinct stimuli, such as allergen, histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine or carbachol, in a concentration-dependent manner. Mangiferin also caused marked relaxation of tracheal rings that were precontracted by carbachol, suggesting that it has both anti-contraction and relaxant properties that are prevented by removing the epithelium. The effect of mangiferin was inhibited by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (100 µM), and the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor, 1H-[1], [2], [4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) (10 µM), but not the adenylate cyclase inhibitor, 9-(tetrahydro-2-furyl)adenine (SQ22536) (100 µM). The antispasmodic effect of mangiferin was also sensitive to K+ channel blockers, such as tetraethylammonium (TEA), glibenclamide and apamin. Furthermore, mangiferin inhibited Ca2+-induced contractions in K+ (60 mM)-depolarised tracheal rings preparations. In addition, mangiferin increased NOS3 protein levels and cGMP intracellular levels in cultured tracheal rings. Finally, mangiferin-induced increase in cGMP levels was abrogated by co-incubation with either ODQ or L-NAME. These data suggest that the antispasmodic effect of mangiferin is mediated by epithelium-nitric oxide- and cGMP-dependent mechanisms. 相似文献