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371.
372.
J L Bowtell K Gelly M L Jackman A Patel M Simeoni M J Rennie 《Journal of applied physiology》2000,88(5):1529-1536
Seven untrained male subjects participated in a double-blind, crossover study conducted to determine the efficacy of different carbohydrate drinks in promoting carbohydrate storage in the whole body and skeletal muscle during recovery from exhaustive exercise. The postabsorptive subjects first completed an exercise protocol designed to deplete muscle fibers of glycogen, then consumed 330 ml of one of three carbohydrate drinks (18.5% glucose polymer, 18.5% sucrose, or 12% sucrose; wt/vol) and also received a primed constant infusion of [1-(13)C]glucose for 2 h. Nonoxidative glucose disposal (3.51 +/- 0.28, 18.5% glucose polymer; 2.96 +/- 0.32, 18.5% sucrose; 2.97 +/- 0.16, 12% sucrose; all mmol. kg(-1). h(-1)) and storage of muscle glycogen (5.31 +/- 1.11, 18.5% glucose polymer; 4.07 +/- 1.05, 18.5% sucrose; 3.45 +/- 0.85, 12% sucrose; all mmol. kg wet wt(-1). h(-1); P < 0.05) were greater after consumption of the glucose polymer drink than after either sucrose drink. The results suggest that the consumption of a glucose polymer drink (containing 61 g carbohydrate) promotes a more rapid storage of carbohydrate in the whole body, skeletal muscle in particular, than an isoenergetic sucrose drink. 相似文献
373.
The genes encoding the six polypeptide components of the alkene monooxygenase from Xanthobacter Py2 have been sequenced. The predicted amino acid sequence of the first ORF shows homology with the iron binding subunits of binuclear non-haem iron containing monooxygenases including benzene monooxygenase, toluene 4-monooxygenase (>60% sequence similarity) and methane monooxygenase (>40% sequence similarity) and that the necessary sequence motifs associated with iron co-ordination are also present. Secondary structure prediction based on the amino acid sequence showed that the predominantly α-helical structure that surrounds the binuclear iron binding site was conserved allowing the sequence to be modelled on the co-ordinates of the methane monooxygenase α-subunit. Significant differences in the residues forming the hydrophobic cavity which forms the substrate binding site are discussed with reference to the differences in reaction specificity and stereospecificity of binuclear non-haem iron monooxygenases. 相似文献
374.
Dependence of cytoplasmic calcium transients on the membrane potential in isolated nerve endings of the guinea pig 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The relation of changes in internal, free Ca2+, measured with arsenazo III, to the membrane potential, measured with the cyanine dye di-S-C2(5) or 86Rb+ distribution ratio, was studied in isolated guinea pig cortical nerve endings. Depolarization of the plasma membrane with veratridine or gramicidin as well as addition of ionophore A23187 led to an increase in cytosolic Ca2+. Only the response to veratridine was inhibited by tetrodotoxin. The dependence of the depolarization-induced increase in intraterminal, free Ca2+ on the membrane potential between about -50 to 0 mV was sigmoidal. A maximal increase in cytosolic Ca2+ was reached when the membrane potential was depolarized from the resting level, about -64 mV, to about -40 mV. These results show that in isolated nerve endings the activation of voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels concomitantly leads to an increase in cytosolic, free Ca2+. Comparison of the results of the present study with the previous electrophysiological observations indicate that Ca2+ channels in synaptosomes, presynaptic nerve terminals of the squid giant synapse and cardiac cells have essentially similar voltage dependency. 相似文献
375.
376.
A L Liozner E N Stepanova N A Volynskaia G K Vorkunova A G Bukrinskaia 《Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii》1985,(3):91-96
A test system permitting the detection of influenza virus protein M at a concentration of 0.1-0.5 ng/ml in ELISA has been developed. The use of this system made it possible to detect influenza viruses A and B directly in crude virus-containing material and clinical samples obtained from influenza patients. During the outbreak of influenza in the spring of 1983 ELISA was successfully used for the rapid diagnosis of influenza, and some of its advantages in comparison with the conventional immunofluorescence test were thus demonstrated. To overcome difficulties arising from the low immunogenic potency of protein M, in the process of obtaining diagnostic sera and ascitic fluids the animals were immunized with the conjugate of protein M and polyelectrolite, which ensured considerable activation of humoral immune response. 相似文献
377.
L M Wheatley D Urso K Tumas J Maltzman E Loh A I Levinson 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》1992,148(10):3105-3109
The presence and structure of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) in the thymus has been a subject of interest for many years because of its possible role in the pathogenesis of the autoimmune disease myasthenia gravis. Using the polymerase chain reaction with primers specific for the alpha-chain of nAChR (nAChR-alpha), an 880-bp homologous band was found after amplification of cDNA prepared from mouse thymus, thymic medullary and cortical epithelial cell lines, but not from thymocytes or kidney. Sequencing of the polymerase chain reaction product from the thymus and thymic medullary and cortical epithelial lines showed identity with skeletal muscle nAChR-alpha over the region examined. This region includes the domains of the molecule on which B cell and T cell autoantigenic targets have been described. No evidence was found in mouse tissue for the exon 3A, which has been described in human muscle and the human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line TE671. Our results provide evidence at the RNA level for the expression of the nAChR-alpha on stromal cells but not on thymocytes in normal murine thymus and are consistent with a role for intrathymic autoantigen expression in the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis. 相似文献
378.
Genomic DNA isolated from 20 horses was digested with up to six restriction endonucleases and subjected to southern blot hybridization analysis using various human class II alpha- and beta-chain cDNA probes. A high degree of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was found for the DQ alpha, DP beta, DQ beta and DR beta probes, about 20 polymorphic bands being detected for each. DR alpha showed 2-4 polymorphic bands, whereas no evidence for DP alpha-like genes was found. A number of correlations of RFLPs with individual alloantisera were apparent. 相似文献
379.
Y Y Shiau K C Chen 《Proceedings of the National Science Council, Republic of China. Part B, Life sciences》1986,10(1):57-63
A synchronized system of EMG and jaw motion tracking device was used to observe some chewing parameters of jaw elevator muscles in 15 patients with temporomandibular joint and muscle pain dysfunction syndrome (TMJ) and 15 normal subjects. Duration of tooth contact (DTC), duration of muscle contraction before tooth contact (DMC), total duration of muscle contraction (DTM) and velocity of jaw movement during peanut chewing were observed. Symptoms of the TMJ patients included pain and tenderness at joints and muscles, and limitation and clicking at joints during jaw movements. It was found that the TMJ patients needed more numerous breaking off strokes before trituration at the occlusal level. There was a longer DMC in the earlier trituration period and TMJ patients had longer DMC than in normals. No difference was found between right and left side chewing or between temporalis and masseter muscles. DTM in the TMJ group was only slightly longer than in normals and the difference between early and late chewing periods was statistically not significant. DTC was only slightly shorter in the TMJ group while the difference between early and late chewing periods in both groups was significant. The average and maximum closing velocities were significantly lower in the TMJ group in both right and left chewing. The difference in the opening phase was not as significant. It was concluded that DMC and jaw closing velocity are more sensitive parameters than DTM and DTC on the diagnosis of TMJ dysfunction with or without occlusal interference. DTM and DTC are parameters more closely related to the influence of occlusal factors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
380.
Oxidation of thymine with O2 was promoted by copper(I) ion generated from reaction of L-ascorbic acid (AA) with copper (II) ion. The main oxidation products were thymine glycol (TG) and N-formyl-N'-pyruvylurea (FPU). At higher concentration of O2, formation of FPU was favored, while TG was dominant at higher Cu(II) ion and lower O2 concentrations. Reaction mechanism involving hydroxy thyminyl radical was proposed. 相似文献