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Hojun Rim Masayoshi Uefune Rika Ozawa Kinuyo Yoneya Junji Takabayashi 《BioControl》2017,62(2):233-242
Nesidiocoris tenuis, an omnivorous arthropod, infests plants in either the absence or presence of prey arthropods. We studied whether plant-infestation experience of N. tenuis affected its subsequent prey-finding behavior. We used sesame plants and eggplants as food plants for N. tenuis, and common cutworm (CCW) (Spodoptera litura larvae) as prey. We focused on their olfactory response to CCW-infested sesame plants versus CCW-infested eggplants in a Y-tube olfactometer. When N. tenuis adults experienced the infestation of sesame plants for one day, they preferred volatiles from CCW-infested sesame plants to those from CCW-infested eggplants. By contrast, when N. tenuis experienced the infestation of eggplants for one day, they showed no difference in their preference between the two odor sources. When the duration of the infestation of plants was increased to four days, N. tenuis that had experienced sesame plants showed a reversed response: they preferred CCW-infested eggplant volatiles, while those that had infested eggplants again showed no difference in their preference. Next, we studied the olfactory preference of N. tenuis that had previously infested plants with moth (Ephestia kuehniella) eggs. We found that irrespective of plant species and of duration of experience (either one or four days), N. tenuis adults that had previously experienced one plant species showed a significant preference for volatiles from CCW-infested plants of the same species. The blends of the volatiles emitted from CCW-infested sesame plants and those from CCW-infested eggplants were qualitatively different. Possibility to control the olfactory response of N. tenuis to certain prey-infested plant volatiles by adjusting their feeding history is discussed. 相似文献
74.
Yoshimura K Miyamoto Y Yasuhara R Maruyama T Akiyama T Yamada A Takami M Suzawa T Tsunawaki S Tachikawa T Baba K Kamijo R 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2011,286(17):14744-14752
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) induces cell death in chondrocytes in a nitric oxide (NO)- and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent manner. In this study, increased production of lactate was observed in IL-1β-treated mouse chondrocytic ATDC5 cells prior to the onset of their death. IL-1β-induced cell death in ATDC5 cells was suppressed by introducing an siRNA for monocarboxylate transporter-1 (MCT-1), a lactate transporter distributed in plasma and mitochondrial inner membranes. Mct-1 knockdown also prevented IL-1β-induced expression of phagocyte-type NADPH oxidase (NOX-2), an enzyme specialized for production of ROS, whereas it did not have an effect on inducible NO synthase. Suppression of IL-1β-induced cell death by Nox-2 siRNA indicated that NOX-2 is involved in cell death. Phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of κBα (IκBα) from 5 to 20 min after the addition of IL-1β was not affected by Mct-1 siRNA. In addition, IκBα was slightly decreased after 12 h of incubation with IL-1β, and the decrease was prominent after 36 h, whereas activation of p65/RelA was observed from 12 to 48 h after exposure to IL-1β. These changes were not seen in Mct-1-silenced cells. Forced expression of IκBα super repressor as well as treatment with the IκB kinase inhibitor BAY 11-7082 suppressed NOX-2 expression. Furthermore, Mct-1 siRNA lowered the level of ROS generated after 15-h exposure to IL-1β, whereas a ROS scavenger, N-acetylcysteine, suppressed both late phase degradation of IκBα and Nox-2 expression. These results suggest that MCT-1 contributes to NOX-2 expression via late phase activation of NF-κB in a ROS-dependent manner in ATDC5 cells exposed to IL-1β. 相似文献
75.
Metagenomic analyses of viruses have revealed widespread diversity in the viriosphere, but it remains a challenge to identify specific hosts for a viral assemblage. To address this problem, we analyze the viral metagenome of a northeast Pacific hydrothermal vent with a comprehensive database of spacers derived from the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) putative immune system. CRISPR spacer matches to the marine vent virome suggest that viruses infecting hosts from diverse taxonomic groups are present in this vent environment. Comparative virome analyses show that CRISPR spacers from vent isolates and from thermophiles in general have a higher percentage of matches to the vent virome than to other marine or terrestrial hot spring viromes. However, a high percentage of hits to spacers from mesophilic hosts, combined with a moderately high modeled alpha diversity, suggest that the marine vent virome is comprised of viruses that have the potential to infect diverse taxonomic groups of multiple thermal regimes in both the bacterial and the archaeal domains. 相似文献
76.
26RFa and QRFP are endogenous ligands of GPR103. 26RFa binding sites are widely distributed in the brain and the spinal cord where they are involved in processing pain. In the present study, the effects of intrathecal and intracerebroventricular applications of 26RFa on the level of mechanical allodynia induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation were examined in rats. The level of mechanical allodynia was measured using von Frey filaments. Intrathecal and intracerebroventricular injection of 26RFa attenuated the level of mechanical allodynia. 26RFa has been reported to activate not only GPR103 but also neuropeptide FF2 receptor and the effect of intrathecally and intracerebroventricularly administered 26RFa was not antagonized by BIBP3226, an antagonist of neuropeptide FF receptor. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that QRFP-like immunoreactivity (QRFP-LI) was expressed mainly in the small to medium sized neurons in the L5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and that partial sciatic nerve injury increased the percentage of QRFP-LI positive neurons. 7 days after the nerve injury, QRFP-LI positive neurons in the L5 DRG ipsilateral to the partial sciatic nerve injury were larger than those in the L5 DRG ipsilateral to the sham operation. These data suggest that (1) exogenously applied 26RFa modulates nociceptive transmission at the spinal and the supraspinal brain in the neuropathic pain model, (2) the mechanism 26RFa uses to produce an anti-allodynic effect may be mediated by the activation of GPR103, and (3) partial sciatic nerve ligation affects the expression of QRFP-LI in the dorsal root ganglion. 相似文献
77.
A novel, brain-specific mouse drebrin: cDNA cloning, chromosomal mapping, genomic structure, expression, and functional characterization 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Jin M Tanaka S Sekino Y Ren Y Yamazaki H Kawai-Hirai R Kojima N Shirao T 《Genomics》2002,79(5):686-692
Drebrin A, a major neuronal actin-binding protein, regulates the dendritic spine shapes of neurons. Here, we have cloned and characterized a novel mouse cDNA clone encoding a truncated form of drebrin A, named s-drebrin A. Analysis of the genomic organization of the mouse drebrin gene (Dbn1), which mapped to the central portion of chromosome 13, revealed that isoforms including s-drebrin A are generated by alternative splicing from a single drebrin gene. The s-drebrin A mRNA was expressed in the brain, but not in non-neuronal tissues. The s-drebrin A expression was barely detected in the embryonic brain, but was upregulated during postnatal development of the brain. Overexpression of GFP-tagged s-drebrin A in fibroblasts showed it to be associated with actin filaments and with changes in actin cytoskeleton organization. These findings suggest that s-drebrin A has a role in spine morphogenesis, possibly by competing the actin-binding activity with drebrin A. 相似文献
78.
Rika Kuwahara Shinichiro Kawaguchi Yumi Kohara Takeshi Jojima Kimihiro Yamashita 《Cellular and molecular neurobiology》2014,34(3):333-342
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an estrogenic endocrine disruptor used for producing polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. This study investigated the effects of oral BPA administration on memory performance, general activity, and emotionality in adult male Sprague Dawley rats using a battery of behavioral tests, including an appetite-motivated maze test (MAZE test) used to assess spatial memory performance. In addition, in order to confirm the effects of BPA on spatial memory performance, we examined whether intrahippocampal injection of BPA affects spatial memory consolidation. In the MAZE test, although oral BPA administration at 10 mg/kg significantly altered the number of entries into the incorrect area compared to those of vehicle-treated rats, male rats given BPA through either oral administration or intrahippocampal injection failed to show significant differences in latencies to reach the reward. Also, oral BPA administration did not affect fear-motivated memory performance in the step-through passive avoidance test. Oral BPA administration at 0.05 mg/kg, the lowest dose used in this study, was correlated with a decrease in locomotor activity in the open-field test, whereas oral administration at 10 mg/kg, the highest dose used in this study, was correlated with a light anxiolytic effect in the elevated plus-maze test. The present study suggests that BPA in adulthood has little effect on spatial memory performance in male rats. 相似文献
79.
Shiho Kurokawa Masaharu Kuroda Mio Mejima Rika Nakamura Yuko Takahashi Hiroshi Sagara Natsumi Takeyama Shigeru Satoh Hiroshi Kiyono Reiko Teshima Takehiro Masumura Yoshikazu Yuki 《Plant cell reports》2014,33(1):75-87
Key message
RNAi-mediated suppression of the endogenous storage proteins in MucoRice-CTB-RNAi seeds affects not only the levels of overexpressed CTB and RAG2 allergen, but also the localization of CTB and RAG2.Abstract
A purification-free rice-based oral cholera vaccine (MucoRice-CTB) was previously developed by our laboratories using a cholera toxin B-subunit (CTB) overexpression system. Recently, an advanced version of MucoRice-CTB was developed (MucoRice-CTB-RNAi) through the use of RNAi to suppress the production of the endogenous storage proteins 13-kDa prolamin and glutelin, so as to increase CTB expression. The level of the α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor-like protein RAG2 (a major rice allergen) was reduced in MucoRice-CTB-RNAi seeds in comparison with wild-type (WT) rice. To investigate whether RNAi-mediated suppression of storage proteins affects the localization of overexpressed CTB and major rice allergens, we generated an RNAi line without CTB (MucoRice-RNAi) and investigated gene expression, and protein production and localization of two storage proteins, CTB, and five major allergens in MucoRice-CTB, MucoRice-CTB-RNAi, MucoRice-RNAi, and WT rice. In all lines, glyoxalase I was detected in the cytoplasm, and 52- and 63-kDa globulin-like proteins were found in the aleurone particles. In WT, RAG2 and 19-kDa globulin were localized mainly in protein bodies II (PB-II) of the endosperm cells. Knockdown of glutelin A led to a partial destruction of PB-II and was accompanied by RAG2 relocation to the plasma membrane/cell wall and cytoplasm. In MucoRice-CTB, CTB was localized in the cytoplasm and PB-II. In MucoRice-CTB-RNAi, CTB was produced at a level six times that in MucoRice-CTB and was localized, similar to RAG2, in the plasma membrane/cell wall and cytoplasm. Our findings indicate that the relocation of CTB in MucoRice-CTB-RNAi may contribute to down-regulation of RAG2. 相似文献80.
Louise Balfour Johanna N. Spaans Dean Fergusson Harold Huff Edward J. Mills Charles J. la Porte Sharon Walmsley Neera Singhal Ron Rosenes Nancy Tremblay M. John Gill Hugues Loemba Brian Conway Anita Rachlis Edward Ralph Mona Loutfy Ranjeeta Mallick Rika Moorhouse D. William Cameron 《PloS one》2014,9(1)