全文获取类型
收费全文 | 111篇 |
免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
113篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 5篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 2篇 |
2013年 | 6篇 |
2012年 | 8篇 |
2011年 | 5篇 |
2010年 | 6篇 |
2009年 | 6篇 |
2008年 | 6篇 |
2007年 | 8篇 |
2006年 | 4篇 |
2005年 | 5篇 |
2004年 | 11篇 |
2003年 | 6篇 |
2002年 | 9篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有113条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
71.
Seung-Woon Myung Hye-Ki Min Seungki Kim Myungsoo Kim Jin-Byom Cho Taek-Jae Kim 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》1998,716(1-2)
A simple and rapid assay method for three stimulant drugs (amphetamine, methamphetamine, and dimethamphetamine) in human urine using solid-phase microextraction was developed. In solid-phase microextraction, the drugs were equilibrated between the adsorbent coated-fiber and aqueous sample matrix. After adsorption of the analytes, the fiber was directly transferred to the injector of a gas chromatograph, where the analytes were thermally desorbed and subsequently separated by the gas chromatograph and detected by mass spectrometer. The solid-phase microextraction method, which did not require solvents, was found to be a fast and simple analytical method. We optimized the solid-phase microextraction technique, for factors such as the NaCl salt effect (30%), pH effect (pH=12.4), equilibration time (30 min), desorption time (1 min) and coated-fiber type (100 μm poly(dimethylsiloxane)) and detected the stimulants in human urine, obtained from human subjects. The detection limits of each drug were below 1–10 ng/ml. The developed method can be applied to the abused drug test. 相似文献
72.
Minkyu Jung Ja Seung Koo Young Wha Moon Byeong-Woo Park Seung Il Kim Seho Park Soo Hyun Lee Soojung Hong Sun Young Rha Hyun Cheol Chung Joo Hang Kim Joohyuk Sohn 《PloS one》2012,7(9)
Through this study, we aimed to validate several biomarkers that have been known to possibly predict the outcomes of the trastuzumab and paclitaxel (TP). Human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients who had been treated with TP in single institute from 2006 to 2009 were included in this study. For procured formalin fixed paraffin embedded tumor tissues, HER2 amplification index (AI) and polymorphisms of the immunoglobulin G fragment C receptors (FCGR) were assessed as biomarkers to the trastuzumab and expression of class III beta tubulin (bTubIII) was evaluated as a predictive factor to the paclitaxel. Of 46 patients treated with TP, 27 patients could be evaluated for HER2 AI, 31 for bTubIII, and 26 for FCGR gene polymorphism. The median of the HER2 AI was 5.0 (range, 1.4−15.5) and a higher HER2 AI (≥5.0) was significantly correlated with better response rate (RR) (80% vs. 42%, P = 0.049) and longer progression-free survival (PFS) (13.6 vs. 6.9 months, P = 0.023). High bTubIII expression showed higher RRs than did low expression (81% vs. 40%, P = 0.040) in addition to longer PFS (16.2 months vs. 8.8 months, P = 0.04). However, polymorphisms in FCGR 2A-H131R or FCGR 3A-V158F were not predictive of RR or PFS. Our results suggest that a high HER2 AI and high bTubIII expression could be predictive of the outcomes to TP therapy but no evidence was found in terms of FCGR polymorphisms. 相似文献
73.
Kim JK Kim SS Rha KW Kim CH Cho JH Lee CH Lee JG Yoon JH 《American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology》2007,292(4):L879-L884
Surfactant proteins (SPs), designated SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, and SP-D, play an important role in surfactant metabolism and host defense mechanisms in the lung. This study investigates expression of the different SP types in human nasal mucosa and cultured normal human nasal epithelial (NHNE) cells and whether the expression of SP mRNA is influenced by the degree of mucociliary differentiation. RT-PCR was performed with mRNA from cultured NHNE cells and nasal mucosa. Immunohistochemical staining for SPs was performed on nasal mucosa specimens. Western blot analysis was performed on cell lysates from cultured NHNE cells. SP-A2, SP-B, and SP-D mRNAs were expressed in normal NHNE cells and human nasal mucosa. SPs were localized in ciliated cells of the surface epithelium and serous acini of the submucosal glands. SP-A, SP-B, and SP-D proteins were expressed in cultured NHNE cells. The degree of mucociliary differentiation influenced expression of the SP gene. We demonstrate that SP-A, SP-B, and SP-D are expressed in human nasal mucosa and cultured NHNE cells. Further study of the functional role of SPs in the upper airway is required. 相似文献
74.
Growth and Leaf Gas Exchange Characteristics in Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. and D. latifolia Roxb. Under Water Deficit 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Forty two-month-old plants of Dalbergia sissoo and D. latifolia were subjected for 56 d to water deficit induced by withholding water. Drought stress caused a significant reduction in plant height, stem diameter, net photosynthetic rate (P
N), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (g
s) in both species, but the reduction was greater in D. sissoo than in D. latifolia. Water use efficiency (P
N/E) was adversely affected due to water stress only in D. latifolia, and intrinsic water use efficiency (P
N/g
s) was increased in both species. There was a slight effect of water stress on variable to maximum fluorescence (Fv/Fm) (quantum yield of photosystem 2) in both species, but the species did not differ significantly in this attribute. 相似文献
75.
Extracting polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymer from bacterial cells often involves harsh conditions, including use of environmentally
harmful solvents. We evaluated different detergents under various conditions to extract PHA from Ralstonia eutropha and Escherichia coli cells. Most detergents tested recovered highly pure PHA polymer from cells in amounts that depended on the percentage of
polymer present in the cell. Detergents such as linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid (LAS-99) produced a high yield of high purity
polymer, and less detergent was needed compared to the amount of SDS to produce comparable yields. LAS-99 also has the advantage
of being biodegradable and environmentally safe. Chemical extraction of PHA with detergents could potentially minimize or
eliminate the need to use harsh organic solvents, thus making industrial PHA production a cleaner technology process. 相似文献
76.
Kyo Chul Koo Doo Hee Shim Chang Mo Yang Saet-Byul Lee Shi Mun Kim Tae Young Shin Kwang Hyun Kim Ho Geun Yoon Koon Ho Rha Jae Myun Lee Sung Joon Hong 《PloS one》2013,8(11)
Background
Natural cytotoxicity, mediated by natural killer (NK) cells plays an important role in the inhibition and elimination of malignant tumor cells. To investigate the immunoregulatory role of NK cells and their potential as diagnostic markers, NK cell activity (NKA) was analyzed in prostate cancer (PCa) patients with particular focus on NK cell subset distribution.Methods
Prospective data of NKA and NK cell subset distribution patterns were measured from 51 patients initially diagnosed with PCa and 54 healthy controls. NKA was represented by IFN-γ levels after stimulation of the peripheral blood with Promoca®. To determine the distribution of NK cell subsets, PBMCs were stained with fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal antibodies. Then, CD16+CD56dim and CD16−CD56bright cells gated on CD56+CD3− cells were analyzed using a flow-cytometer.Results
NKA and the proportion of CD56bright cells were significantly lower in PCa patients compared to controls (430.9 pg/ml vs. 975.2 pg/ml and 2.3% vs. 3.8%, respectively; p<0.001). Both tended to gradually decrease according to cancer stage progression (p for trend = 0.001). A significantly higher CD56dim-to-CD56bright cell ratio was observed in PCa patients (41.8 vs. 30.3; p<0.001) along with a gradual increase according to cancer stage progression (p for trend = 0.001), implying a significant reduction of CD56bright cells in relation to the alteration of CD56dim cells. The sensitivity and the specificity of NKA regarding PCa detection were 72% and 74%, respectively (best cut-off value at 530.9 pg/ml, AUC = 0.786).Conclusions
Reduction of CD56bright cells may precede NK cell dysfunction, leading to impaired cytotoxicity against PCa cells. These observations may explain one of the mechanisms behind NK cell dysfunction observed in PCa microenvironment and lend support to the development of future cancer immunotherapeutic strategies. 相似文献77.
Complete mitochondrial genomes of five skippers (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) and phylogenetic reconstruction of Lepidoptera 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We sequenced mitogenomes of five skippers (family Hesperiidae, Lepidoptera) to obtain further insight into the characteristics of butterfly mitogenomes and performed phylogenetic reconstruction using all available gene sequences (PCGs, rRNAs, and tRNAs) from 85 species (20 families in eight superfamilies). The general genomic features found in the butterflies also were found in the five skippers: a high A + T composition (79.3%–80.9%), dominant usage of TAA stop codon, similar skewness pattern in both strands, consistently length intergenic spacer sequence between tRNAGln and ND2 (64–87 bp), conserved ATACTAA motif between tRNASer (UCN) and ND1, and characteristic features of the A + T-rich region (the ATAGA motif, varying length of poly-T stretch, and poly-A stretch). The start codon for COI was CGA in four skippers as typical, but Lobocla bifasciatus evidently possessed canonical ATG as start codon. All species had the ancestral arrangement tRNAAsn/tRNASer (AGN), instead of the rearrangement tRNASer (AGN)/tRNAAsn, found in another skipper species (Erynnis). Phylogenetic analyses using all available genes (PCGs, rRNAS, and tRNAs) yielded the consensus superfamilial relationships ((((((Bombycoidea + Noctuoidea + Geometroidea) + Pyraloidea) + Papilionoidea) + Tortricoidea) + Yponomeutoidea) + Hepialoidea), confirming the validity of Macroheterocera (Bombycoidea, Noctuoidea, and Geometroidea in this study) and its sister relationship to Pyraloidea. Within Rhopalocera (butterflies and skippers) the familial relationships (Papilionidae + (Hesperiidae + (Pieridae + ((Lycaenidae + Riodinidae) + Nymphalidae)))) were strongly supported in all analyses (0.98–1 by BI and 96–100 by ML methods), rendering invalid the superfamily status for Hesperioidea. On the other hand, current mitogenome-based phylogeny did not find consistent superfamilial relationships among Noctuoidea, Geometroidea, and Bombycoidea and the familial relationships within Bombycoidea between analyses, requiring further taxon sampling in future studies. 相似文献
78.
Dae-Hee Lee Su-Lim Choi Eugene Rha Soo Jin Kim Soo-Jin Yeom Jae-Hee Moon Seung-Goo Lee 《BMC biotechnology》2015,15(1)
Background
Alkaline phosphatase (AP) catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of phosphate monoesters under alkaline conditions and plays important roles in microbial ecology and molecular biology applications. Here, we report on the first isolation and biochemical characterization of a thermolabile AP from a metagenome.Results
The gene encoding a novel AP was isolated from a metagenomic library constructed with ocean-tidal flat sediments from the west coast of Korea. The metagenome-derived AP (mAP) gene composed of 1,824 nucleotides encodes a polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 64 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence of mAP showed a high degree of similarity to other members of the AP family. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the mAP is shown to be a member of a recently identified family of PhoX that is distinct from the well-studied classical PhoA family. When the open reading frame encoding mAP was cloned and expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli, the mature mAP was secreted to the periplasm and lacks an 81-amino-acid N-terminal Tat signal peptide. Mature mAP was purified to homogeneity as a monomeric enzyme with a molecular mass of 56 kDa. The purified mAP displayed typical features of a psychrophilic enzyme: high catalytic activity at low temperature and a remarkable thermal instability. The optimal temperature for the enzymatic activity of mAP was 37°C and complete thermal inactivation of the enzyme was observed at 65°C within 15 min. mAP was activated by Ca2+ and exhibited maximal activity at pH 9.0. Except for phytic acid and glucose 1-phosphate, mAP showed phosphatase activity against various phosphorylated substrates indicating that it had low substrate specificity. In addition, the mAP was able to remove terminal phosphates from cohesive and blunt ends of linearized plasmid DNA, exhibiting comparable efficiency to commercially available APs that have been used in molecular biology.Conclusions
The presented mAP enzyme is the first thermolabile AP found in cold-adapted marine metagenomes and may be useful for efficient dephosphorylation of linearized DNA. 相似文献79.
Seung-Pyo Lee Jung-Won Suh Kyung Woo Park Hae-Young Lee Hyun-Jae Kang Bon-Kwon Koo In-Ho Chae Dong-Ju Choi Seung-Woon Rha Jang-Whan Bae Myeong-Chan Cho Taek-Geun Kwon Jang-Ho Bae Hyo-Soo Kim 《Trials》2010,11(1):1-8
Background
Performance of primary school students in India lags far below government expectations, and major disparity exists between rural and urban areas. The Naandi Foundation has designed and implemented a programme using community members to deliver after-school academic support for children in over 1,100 schools in five Indian states. Assessments to date suggest that it might have a substantial effect. This trial aims to evaluate the impact of this programme in villages of rural Andhra Pradesh and will compare test scores for children in three arms: a control and two intervention arms. In both intervention arms additional after-school instruction and learning materials will be offered to all eligible children and in one arm girls will also receive an additional 'kit' with a uniform and clothes.Methods/Design
The trial is a cluster-randomised controlled trial conducted in conjunction with the CHAMPION trial. In the CHAMPION trial 464 villages were randomised so that half receive health interventions aiming to reduce neonatal mortality. STRIPES will be introduced in those CHAMPION villages which have a public primary school attended by at least 15 students at the time of a baseline test in 2008. 214 villages of the 464 were found to fulfil above criteria, 107 belonging to the control and 107 to the intervention arm of the CHAMPION trial. These latter 107 villages will serve as control villages in the STRIPES trial. A further randomisation will be carried out within the 107 STRIPES intervention villages allocating half to receive an additional kit for girls on the top of the instruction and learning materials. The primary outcome of the trial is a composite maths and language test score.Discussion
The study is designed to measure (i) whether the educational intervention affects the exam score of children compared to the control arm, (ii) if the exam scores of girls who receive the additional kit are different from those of girls living in the other STRIPES intervention arm. One of the goals of the STRIPES trial is to provide benefit to the controls of the CHAMPION trial. We will also conduct a cost-benefit analysis in which we calculate the programme cost for 0.1 standard deviation improvement for both intervention arms.Trial Registration
Current controlled trials ISRCTN69951502 相似文献80.
Kobayashi H Gilbert V Liu Q Kapitsinou PP Unger TL Rha J Rivella S Schlöndorff D Haase VH 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》2012,188(10):5106-5115
Renal fibrosis and inflammation are associated with hypoxia, and tissue pO(2) plays a central role in modulating the progression of chronic kidney disease. Key mediators of cellular adaptation to hypoxia are hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 and -2. In the kidney, they are expressed in a cell type-specific manner; to what degree activation of each homolog modulates renal fibrogenesis and inflammation has not been established. To address this issue, we used Cre-loxP recombination to activate or to delete both Hif-1 and Hif-2 either globally or cell type specifically in myeloid cells. Global activation of Hif suppressed inflammation and fibrogenesis in mice subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction, whereas activation of Hif in myeloid cells suppressed inflammation only. Suppression of inflammatory cell infiltration was associated with downregulation of CC chemokine receptors in renal macrophages. Conversely, global deletion or myeloid-specific inactivation of Hif promoted inflammation. Furthermore, prolonged hypoxia suppressed the expression of multiple inflammatory molecules in noninjured kidneys. Collectively, we provide experimental evidence that hypoxia and/or myeloid cell-specific HIF activation attenuates renal inflammation associated with chronic kidney injury. 相似文献