The Antiviral and Cancer Genomic DNA Deaminase APOBEC3H Is Regulated by an RNA-Mediated Dimerization Mechanism

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Blood pressure response to chronic episodic hypoxia: role of the sympathetic nervous system

Bao, Gang, Naira Metreveli, Rena Li, Addison Taylor, andEugene C. Fletcher. Blood pressure response to chronic episodic hypoxia: role of the sympathetic nervous system. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(1): 95-101, 1997.Previousstudies in several strains of rats have demonstrated that 35 consecutive days of recurrent episodic hypoxia (7 h/day) cause an 8- to13-mmHg persistent increase in diurnal systemic blood pressure (BP).Carotid chemoreceptors and the sympathetic nervous system have beenshown to be necessary for development of this BP increase. The presentstudy was undertaken to further define the role of renal arterysympathetic nerves and the adrenal medulla in this BPincrease. Male Sprague-Dawley rats had either adrenalmedullectomy, bilateral renal artery denervation, or sham surgery. Ratsfrom each of these groups were subjected to episodic hypoxia for 35 days. Control groups received either compressed air or were leftunhandled. Adrenal demedullation or renal artery denervation eliminatedthe chronic diurnal mean BP response (measured intra-arterially) toepisodic hypoxia, whereas sham-operated controls continued to showedpersistent elevation of systemic BP. Plasma and renal tissuecatecholamine levels at the end of the experiment confirmed successfuladrenal demedullation or renal denervation in the respectiveanimals. The chronic episodic hypoxia-mediated increase indiurnal BP requires both intact renal artery nerves as well as anintact adrenal medulla.

     

The metabolism of proline in cotyledons of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata)

Exogenous proline-U-₁₄C is readily metabolized to glutamate,ornithine, sugars, CO₂, and organic acids, and is incorporatedinto protein by etiolated and green pumpkin cotyledons. As littletranslocation of proline from the cotyledons occur, it was proposedthat in young tissue proline is converted to glutamate, ornithineor sugar which are then readily translocated from the cotyledons.In older tissue some glutamate carbon derived from proline isalso used as an energy source and metabolized to CO₂. As proteinsynthesis is occurring rapidly in these cotyledons, considerableproline is incorporated into new protein. After 10-hr, 15% ofthe absorbed radioactivity still remained as free proline. ¹Present address: Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, UniversidadeFederal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. (Received February 1, 1974; )     

Dietary and Physical Activity Correlates of Long-Term Weight Loss

Covariations in body mass index (BMI), physical activity, macronutrient intake, and the frequency of consumption of specific foods were examined among 82 men and 75 women participating in a behavioral weight loss program over a period of 18 months. Results of repeated measures analyses of covariance showed that BMI change was inversely related to change in physical activity and change in frequency of vegetable consumption. BMI change was positively related to change in calorie intake from fat and change in frequency of consumption of beef, hot dogs, and sweets. Change in fat calories predicted BMI change better than change in total calories. In addition, change in the frequency of consumption of specific foods accounted for a larger percentage of the variance in BMI change than did change in macronutrients (10.4% vs. 5.2%). No differences were found between predictors of weight loss vs. weight maintenance.