全文获取类型
收费全文 | 77268篇 |
免费 | 7246篇 |
国内免费 | 603篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 463篇 |
2022年 | 699篇 |
2021年 | 1214篇 |
2020年 | 954篇 |
2019年 | 1054篇 |
2018年 | 1382篇 |
2017年 | 1223篇 |
2016年 | 2269篇 |
2015年 | 3705篇 |
2014年 | 3709篇 |
2013年 | 4811篇 |
2012年 | 5802篇 |
2011年 | 5059篇 |
2010年 | 3112篇 |
2009年 | 2694篇 |
2008年 | 4098篇 |
2007年 | 3915篇 |
2006年 | 3759篇 |
2005年 | 3431篇 |
2004年 | 3242篇 |
2003年 | 2948篇 |
2002年 | 2850篇 |
2001年 | 1975篇 |
2000年 | 2099篇 |
1999年 | 1578篇 |
1998年 | 866篇 |
1997年 | 742篇 |
1996年 | 737篇 |
1995年 | 728篇 |
1994年 | 658篇 |
1993年 | 654篇 |
1992年 | 1178篇 |
1991年 | 900篇 |
1990年 | 896篇 |
1989年 | 866篇 |
1988年 | 732篇 |
1987年 | 658篇 |
1986年 | 683篇 |
1985年 | 791篇 |
1984年 | 635篇 |
1983年 | 469篇 |
1982年 | 416篇 |
1981年 | 364篇 |
1980年 | 310篇 |
1979年 | 426篇 |
1978年 | 388篇 |
1977年 | 282篇 |
1976年 | 288篇 |
1974年 | 331篇 |
1973年 | 285篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
131.
M J Bussemakers A van Bokhoven J J van Groningen F M Debruyne J A Schalken 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1992,182(1):318-324
Differential hybridization analysis revealed two cDNA clones, pBUS19 and pBUS30, to be overexpressed in progressionally advanced rat prostatic tumors. Northern blot analysis suggested the clones to be related although no homology in nucleotide sequence could be shown. Isolation and characterization of a pBUS19-related clone, pJG116, and computer-assisted database comparison showed that all three clones could be mapped within a rat-specific endogenous retrovirus. The importance of overexpression of retroviral sequences in advanced prostatic cancer remains unclear. 相似文献
132.
133.
J. P. van der Walt 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》1992,62(4):247-250
The Lipomycetaceae (Endomycetales) are known from the generaDipodascopsis, Lipomyces andZygozyma with budding anamorphic states inMyxozyma. The family is easily recognized culturally and physiologically but is phenotypically and ecologically extremely diverse. This natural taxon is phylogenetically distinct from the Saccharomycetaceae, but probably related to the Dipodascaceae. The possible evolution of the lipomycetaceous anamorphs is discussed. 相似文献
134.
Cytokine production in a model of wound healing: the appearance of MIP-1, MIP-2, cachectin/TNF and IL-1 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
T J Fahey B Sherry K J Tracey S van Deventer W G Jones J P Minei S Morgello G T Shires A Cerami 《Cytokine》1990,2(2):92-99
Macrophages are essential for normal wound repair and many of their effects on healing wounds are likely to be mediated by the secretion of cytokines. This study examines the appearance of messenger RNA (mRNA) for cachectin/tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL 1, and macrophage inflammatory proteins 1 and 2 (MIP-1 and MIP-2), as well as the mature peptides, in a model of wound healing using wound chambers. RNA for all four cytokines can be detected in wound inflammatory cells by polymerase chain reaction amplification throughout the first 7 days. Cachectin/TNF and IL 1 protein levels peaked on the first day after wound chamber implantation, and MIP-1 and MIP-2 were detected only on day 3. The data suggest that these cytokines participate in the early inflammatory response to wounding. 相似文献
135.
Emmanuelle Fontoura José Darival Ferreira Jamile Bubadué Ana Maria Ribeiro Leonardo Kerber 《Journal of morphology》2020,281(10):1223-1240
A diverse fossil record of Cervidae (Mammalia) has been documented in the South American Pleistocene, when these animals arrived during the Great American Biotic Interchange. Using computed tomography-scanning techniques, it is possible to access the endocranial morphology of extinct species. Here, we studied the brain endocast of the extinct late Pleistocene cervid Antifer ensenadensis from southern Brazil, one of the largest forms that lived on this continent, using comparative morphology, geometric morphometrics, and encephalization quotients. The analyzed endocasts demonstrate that A. ensenadensis had a gyrencephalic brain, showing a prominent longitudinal sinus (=sagittal superior sinus), which is also observed in the large South American cervid Blastocerus dichotomus. The encephalization quotient is within the variation of extant cervids, suggesting maintenance of the pattern of encephalization from at least the late Pleistocene. Geometric morphometric analysis suggested a clear and linear allometric trend between brain endocast size and shape, and highlights A. ensenadensis as an extreme form within the analyzed cervids regarding brain morphology. 相似文献
136.
137.
Phenology, morphology, life history and responses to different temperature and photoperiod conditions were studied in Japanese Stypocaulon durum (Ruprecht) Okamura. Erect thalli of the species were collected year-round, but the mature thalli forming either uniloc-ular sporangia or two different types of plurilocular structures (evidently gametangia) on separate thalli were found only in winter. ln culture, an isomorphic life history is suggested for the species, alternating between a sporophyte forming unilocular sporangia and gam-etophytes forming plurilocular macro- (female) and micro- (male) gametangia. Contents of unilocular sporangia were not released, but germinated in situ, developing into erect thalli forming plurilocular gametangia. Macrogametangia released aplanogametes (oospores), but male gametangia appeared to be non-functional, although flagellated cells were once formed in the loc-uli. This is the first report of plurilocular gametangia in the species. Although the species grew well and matured under considerably lower temperature conditions than European Stypocaulon scoparium (L.) Sauvageau, its temperature requirements showed similarity to northwestern Atlantic Stypocaulon species. This supports the notion that northwestern Atlantic Stypocaulon is conspecific with S. durum. 相似文献
138.
139.
140.
Gonçalo Matias Luís Miguel Rosalino José Luís Rosa Pedro Monterroso 《Population Ecology》2021,63(3):247-259
Population density data on depleted and endangered wildlife species are essential to assure their effective management and, ultimately, conservation. The European wildcat is an elusive and threatened species inhabiting the Iberian Peninsula, with fragmented populations and living in low densities. We fitted spatial capture–recapture models on camera-trap data, to provide the first estimate of wildcat density for Portugal and assess the most influential drivers determining it. The study was implemented in Montesinho Natural Park (NE Portugal), where we identified nine individuals, over a total effort of 3,477 trap-nights. The mean density estimate was 0.032 ± 0.012 wildcat/km2, and density tended to increase with distance to humanized areas, often linked to lower human disturbance and domestic cat presence, with forest and herbaceous vegetation cover and with European rabbit abundance. Although, this density estimate is within the range of values estimated for protected areas elsewhere in the Iberian Peninsula, our estimates are low at the European level. When put in context, our results highlight that European wildcats may be living in low population densities across the Iberian Mediterranean biogeographic region. No phenotypic domestic or hybrid cats were detected, suggesting potentially low admixture rates between the two species, although genetic sampling would be required to corroborate this assertion. We provide evidence that Montesinho Natural Park may be a suitable area to host a healthy wildcat population, and thus be an important protected area in this species' conservation context. 相似文献