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61.
62.
Renal plasma clearances (C) of 14C-tetraethylammonium (TEA) and p-aminohippurate (PAH) as estimates of arterial renal plasma flow (ARPF) were evaluated in anesthetized rats during control conditions and during intravenous glucose infusion. Venous renal blood flow was measured directly by means of a servo-controlled pump, keeping the renal venous pressure constant. Arteriovenous extraction fractions (E = 1 - P(renal venous)/P(renal arterial)) for PAH averaged 88.3 +/- (SE) 0.8% in control rats and 82.0 +/- 0.9% in glucose-infused rats (p less than 0.001); E(TEA) averaged 92.0 +/- 0.6 and 90.1 +/- 0.6%, respectively (p less than 0.05). Under both experimental conditions, (C/E)PAH did not differ significantly from ARPF, while (C/E)TEA underestimated ARPF; the rate of extraction of TEA exceeded the rate of excretion by 15-20%, probably due to accumulation of TEA in renal tissue. It is concluded that, when corrected for E, C(PAH) is in general a more accurate estimate for ARPF than C(TEA). However, under conditions involving changes in plasma glucose levels C(TEA) may provide a better estimate of the effective renal plasma flow than C(PAH). 相似文献
63.
M.S. Andersen M. Damsgaard J. Rasmussen 《Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering》2013,16(4):371-384
In this paper, we introduce a new general method for kinematic analysis of rigid multi body systems subject to holonomic constraints. The method extends the standard analysis of kinematically determinate rigid multi body systems to the over-determinate case. This is accomplished by introducing a constrained optimisation problem with the objective function given as a function of the set of system equations that are allowed to be violated while the remaining equations define the feasible set. We show that exact velocity and acceleration analysis can also be performed by solving linear sets of equations, originating from differentiation of the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker optimality conditions. The method is applied to the analysis of an 18 degrees-of-freedom gait model where the kinematical drivers are prescribed with data from a motion capture experiment. The results show that significant differences are obtained between applying standard kinematic analysis or minimising the least-square errors on the two fully equivalent 3D gait models with only the way the experimental data is processed being different. 相似文献
64.
Diana J. Leeming Morten A. Karsdal Lars M. Rasmussen Alexandra Scholze Martin Tepel 《PloS one》2013,8(8)
Objective
The 7S domain of collagen type IV (P4NP_7S) assessed in plasma represents systemic collagen type IV formation. The objective of the study was to investigate the association of systemic collagen type IV formation with survival among patients undergoing hemodialysis.Methods
We performed an observational cohort study of 371 hemodialysis patients. Plasma P4NP_7S was analyzed using a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detecting the amino-terminal propeptide of type IV procollagen. Association between categories of plasma P4NP_7S concentrations and survival was initially assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis, then in an adjusted Cox model.Results
For hemodialysis patients in the highest category of systemic collagen type IV formation, i.e. plasma P4NP_7S concentrations more than 775 pg/L, an increased risk for death was observed (highest P4NP_7S category vs all other categories, hazard ratio, 1.934; 95% confidence interval, 1.139 to 3.285). Survival analysis showed an increased risk of death in the highest P4NP_7S category compared to the other categories (Chi square 6.903; P = 0.032). Median survival was only 105 days in the highest P4NP_7S category whereas it was 629 days in the medium category, and 905 days in the lowest category. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression showed increased odds for death with higher age and higher P4NP_7S categories. Systemic collagen type IV formation was associated with plasma concentrations of the collagen IV degradation product C4M (Spearman r = 0.764; P<0.0001) confirming extracellular matrix turnover.Conclusion
Among hemodialysis patients elevated systemic collagen type IV formation suggesting accelerating systemic fibrosis was associated with increased risk of death. 相似文献65.
Camilla Schmidt Morgen Benjamin Rokholm Carina Sj?berg Brixval Camilla Schou Andersen Lise Geisler Andersen Mette Rasmussen Anne-Marie Nybo Andersen Pernille Due Thorkild I. A. S?rensen 《PloS one》2013,8(7)
Background
After the worldwide steep increase in child and adolescent overweight and obesity during the last decades, there is now evidence of a levelling off in the prevalence in many countries in the Western world.Aim
To examine whether there still is a plateau in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Danish children and adolescents, or whether the prevalence is decreasing or rising again.Methods
The trends in the prevalence rates were based on three data sets providing comparable repeated estimates: 1) the Danish Health Visitors Child Health Database (DHVCHD) with measurements on infant and childhood height and weight from 2002 to 2011 (n up to 39,984), 2) the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC) with maternal reports of measured infant and childhood height and weight from 1998 to 2010 (n up to 56,826) and 3) the Danish part of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey (HBSC) with self-reported information on adolescent height and weight from the years 2002 to 2010 (n = 16,557). Overweight and obesity were categorized according to WHO growth standards. Trends were assessed by repeated point estimates and linear regression analyses providing regression coefficients for changes in per cent per year with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results
The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity for infants, children and adolescents showed a mixed pattern of decline, stability and increase (ranging from -1.10 through 0.29 per cent per year with CI’s from -3.10 through 2.37). Overall, there were no consistent statistically significant trends upwards or downwards, although some significant downward trends in childhood and adolescence were observed.Conclusion
This study, based on data from 1998 through 2011, showed that the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity among Danish infants, children and adolescents were largely still on a plateau with tendencies for a decline among children and adolescents. 相似文献66.
67.
Gözde Gürdeniz Louise Hansen Morten Arendt Rasmussen Evrim Acar Anja Olsen Jane Christensen Thaer Barri Anne Tjønneland Lars Ove Dragsted 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2013,9(5):1073-1081
In metabolomics studies, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC–MS) provides comprehensive information on biological samples. However, extraction of few relevant metabolites from this large and complex data is cumbersome. To resolve this issue, we have employed sparse principal component analysis (SPCA) to capture the underlying patterns and select relevant metabolites from LC–MS plasma profiles. The study involves a small pilot cohort with 270 subjects where each subject’s time since last meal (TSLM) has been recorded prior to plasma sampling. Our results have demonstrated that both PCA and SPCA can capture the TSLM patterns. Nevertheless, SPCA provides more easily interpretable loadings in terms of selection of relevant metabolites, which are identified as amino acids and lyso-lipids. This study demonstrates the utility of SPCA as a pattern recognition and variable selection tool in metabolomics. Furthermore, amino acids and lyso-lipids are determined as dominating compounds in response to TSLM. 相似文献
68.
69.
Heidi G. Møller Andreas P. Rasmussen Hjalte H. Andersen Kasper B. Johnsen Michael Henriksen Meg Duroux 《Molecular neurobiology》2013,47(1):131-144
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an incurable form of brain cancer with a very poor prognosis. Because of its highly invasive nature, it is impossible to remove all tumor cells during surgical resection, making relapse inevitable. Further research into the regulatory mechanism underpinning GBM pathogenesis is therefore warranted, and over the past decade, there has been an increased focus on the functional role of microRNA (miRNA). This systematic review aims to present a comprehensive overview of all the available literature on the expression profiles and function of miRNA in GBM. Here, we have reviewed 163 papers and identified 253 upregulated, 95 downregulated, and 17 disputed miRNAs with respect to expression levels; 85 % of these miRNAs have not yet been functionally characterized. A focus in this study has been 26 interesting miRNAs involved in the mesenchymal mode of migration and invasion, demonstrating the importance of miRNAs in the context of the cellular niche. Both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive miRNAs were found to affect target genes involved in cell migration, cytoskeletal rearrangement, invasiveness, and angiogenesis. Clearly, the distinct functional properties of these miRNAs need further investigation and might hold a great potential in future molecular therapies targeting GBM. 相似文献
70.
K. Pirhofer-Walzl J. Eriksen J. Rasmussen H. Høgh-Jensen K. Søegaard J. Rasmussen 《Plant and Soil》2013,371(1-2):313-325