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51.
Madsen RK Lundstedt T Gabrielsson J Sennbro CJ Alenius GM Moritz T Rantapää-Dahlqvist S Trygg J 《Arthritis research & therapy》2011,13(1):R19
Introduction
The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of diagnosing early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by measuring selected metabolic biomarkers. 相似文献52.
A BAC transgenic Hes1-EGFP reporter reveals novel expression domains in mouse embryos 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Klinck R Füchtbauer EM Ahnfelt-Rønne J Serup P Jensen JN Jørgensen MC 《Gene expression patterns : GEP》2011,11(7):415-426
Expression of the basic helix-loop-helix factor Hairy and Enhancer of Split-1 (Hes1) is required for normal development of a number of tissues during embryonic development. Depending on context, Hes1 may act as a Notch signalling effector which promotes the undifferentiated and proliferative state of progenitor cells, but increasing evidence also points to Notch independent regulation of Hes1 expression. Here we use high resolution confocal scanning of EGFP in a novel BAC transgenic mouse reporter line, Tg(Hes1-EGFP)1Hri, to analyse Hes1 expression from embryonic day 7.0 (e7.0). Our data recapitulates some previous observations on Hes1 expression and suggests new, hitherto unrecognised expression domains including expression in the definitive endoderm at early somite stages before gut tube closure and thus preceding organogenesis. This mouse line will be a valuable tool for studies addressing the role of Hes1 in a number of different research areas including organ specification, development and regeneration. 相似文献
53.
Yan G Zhang G Fang X Zhang Y Li C Ling F Cooper DN Li Q Li Y van Gool AJ Du H Chen J Chen R Zhang P Huang Z Thompson JR Meng Y Bai Y Wang J Zhuo M Wang T Huang Y Wei L Li J Wang Z Hu H Yang P Le L Stenson PD Li B Liu X Ball EV An N Huang Q Zhang Y Fan W Zhang X Li Y Wang W Katze MG Su B Nielsen R Yang H Wang J Wang X Wang J 《Nature biotechnology》2011,29(11):1019-1023
The nonhuman primates most commonly used in medical research are from the genus Macaca. To better understand the genetic differences between these animal models, we present high-quality draft genome sequences from two macaque species, the cynomolgus/crab-eating macaque and the Chinese rhesus macaque. Comparison with the previously sequenced Indian rhesus macaque reveals that all three macaques maintain abundant genetic heterogeneity, including millions of single-nucleotide substitutions and many insertions, deletions and gross chromosomal rearrangements. By assessing genetic regions with reduced variability, we identify genes in each macaque species that may have experienced positive selection. Genetic divergence patterns suggest that the cynomolgus macaque genome has been shaped by introgression after hybridization with the Chinese rhesus macaque. Macaque genes display a high degree of sequence similarity with human disease gene orthologs and drug targets. However, we identify several putatively dysfunctional genetic differences between the three macaque species, which may explain functional differences between them previously observed in clinical studies. 相似文献
54.
Metabolite profiling of industrially important suspension-cultured mammalian cells is being increasingly used for rational improvement of bioprocesses. This requires the generation of global metabolite profiles that cover a broad range of metabolites and that are representative of the cells at the time of sampling. The protocol described here is a validated method for recovery of physiologically relevant amounts of key metabolites from suspension-cultured mammalian cells. The method is a two-step process consisting of initial quenching of the cells (to stop cellular metabolism and allow isolation of the cells) followed by extraction of the metabolites. The cells are quenched in 60% methanol supplemented with 0.85% (wt/vol) ammonium bicarbonate at -40 °C. Metabolites are then extracted from the quenched cells using two 100% methanol extractions followed by a single water extraction. Metabolite samples generated using this protocol are amenable to analysis by mass spectrometry-based techniques (e.g., gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry), NMR spectroscopy and enzymatic assays. 相似文献
55.
Marili Laas Kalev Adamson Irene Barnes Josef Janouek Martin S. Mullett Katarína Adam
íkov Mitsuteru Akiba Ludwig Beenken Helena Braganca Timur S. Bulgakov Paolo Capretti Thomas Cech Michelle Cleary Rasmus Enderle Luisa Ghelardini Libor Jankovský Svetlana Markovskaja Iryna Matsiakh Joana B. Meyer Funda Oskay Barbara Pikur Kristina Raitelaityt Duan Sadikovi Rein Drenkhan 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2022,23(11):1620
Lecanosticta acicola is a pine needle pathogen causing brown spot needle blight that results in premature needle shedding with considerable damage described in North America, Europe, and Asia. Microsatellite and mating type markers were used to study the population genetics, migration history, and reproduction mode of the pathogen, based on a collection of 650 isolates from 27 countries and 26 hosts across the range of L. acicola. The presence of L. acicola in Georgia was confirmed in this study. Migration analyses indicate there have been several introduction events from North America into Europe. However, some of the source populations still appear to remain unknown. The populations in Croatia and western Asia appear to originate from genetically similar populations in North America. Intercontinental movement of the pathogen was reflected in an identical haplotype occurring on two continents, in North America (Canada) and Europe (Germany). Several shared haplotypes between European populations further suggests more local pathogen movement between countries. Moreover, migration analyses indicate that the populations in northern Europe originate from more established populations in central Europe. Overall, the highest genetic diversity was observed in south‐eastern USA. In Europe, the highest diversity was observed in France, where the presence of both known pathogen lineages was recorded. Less than half of the observed populations contained mating types in equal proportions. Although there is evidence of some sexual reproduction taking place, the pathogen spreads predominantly asexually and through anthropogenic activity. 相似文献
56.
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58.
Pajon A Ionides J Diprose J Fillon J Fogh R Ashton AW Berman H Boucher W Cygler M Deleury E Esnouf R Janin J Kim R Krimm I Lawson CL Oeuillet E Poupon A Raymond S Stevens T van Tilbeurgh H Westbrook J Wood P Ulrich E Vranken W Xueli L Laue E Stuart DI Henrick K 《Proteins》2005,58(2):278-284
Data management has emerged as one of the central issues in the high-throughput processes of taking a protein target sequence through to a protein sample. To simplify this task, and following extensive consultation with the international structural genomics community, we describe here a model of the data related to protein production. The model is suitable for both large and small facilities for use in tracking samples, experiments, and results through the many procedures involved. The model is described in Unified Modeling Language (UML). In addition, we present relational database schemas derived from the UML. These relational schemas are already in use in a number of data management projects. 相似文献
59.
Jorgensen R Martini L Schwartz TW Elling CE 《Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.)》2005,19(3):812-823
To dissect the interaction between beta-arrestin ((beta)arr) and family B G protein-coupled receptors, we constructed fusion proteins between the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor and (beta)arr2. The fusion constructs had an increase in apparent affinity selectively for glucagon, suggesting that (beta)arr2 interaction locks the receptor in a high-affinity conformation, which can be explored by some, but not all, ligands. The fusion constructs adopted a signaling phenotype governed by the tethered (beta)arr2 with an attenuated G protein-mediated cAMP signal and a higher maximal internalization compared with wild-type receptors. This distinct phenotype of the fusion proteins can not be mimicked by coexpressing wild-type receptor with (beta)arr2. However, when the wild-type receptor was coexpressed with both (beta)arr2 and G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5, a phenotype similar to that observed for the fusion constructs was observed. We conclude that the glucagon-like peptide 1 fusion construct mimics the natural interaction of the receptor with (beta)arr2 with respect to binding peptide ligands, G protein-mediated signaling and internalization, and that this distinct molecular phenotype is reminiscent of that which has previously been characterized for family A G protein-coupled receptors, suggesting similarities in the effect of (beta)arr interaction between family A and B receptors also at the molecular level. 相似文献
60.