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941.
Background
Injury to the long thoracic nerve is a common cause of winging scapula. When the serratus anterior muscle is unable to function, patients often lose the ability to raise their arm overhead on the affected side.Methods
Serratus anterior function was restored through decompression, neurolysis, and tetanic electrical stimulation of the long thoracic nerve. This included partial release of constricting middle scalene fibers and microneurolysis of epineurium and perineurium of the long thoracic nerve under magnification. Abduction angle was measured on the day before and the day following surgery.Results
In this retrospective study of 13 neurolysis procedures of the long thoracic nerve, abduction is improved by 10% or greater within one day of surgery. The average improvement was 59° (p < 0.00005). Patients had been suffering from winging scapula for 2 months to 12 years. The improvement in abduction is maintained at last follow-up, and winging is also reduced.Conclusion
In a notable number of cases, decompression and neurolysis of the long thoracic nerve leads to rapid improvements in winging scapula and the associated limitations on shoulder movement. The duration of the injury and the speed of improvement lead us to conclude that axonal channel defects can potentially exist that do not lead to Wallerian degeneration and yet cause a clear decrease in function. 相似文献942.
Till date, amidases from halophiles and halotolerant micro-organisms have not been much explored. In the present study, Brevibacterium sp. IIIMB2706 strain was isolated from salt fields of Gujarat, India, using propionitrile as a nitrogen source in the mineral base media and explored for its amidase activity. Amidase from Brevibacterium sp. IIIMB2706 exhibited substrate affinity towards isobutyramide, propionamide and butyramide. The optimum temperature and pH required for its maximum activity was 45?°C and 7.0, respectively. Effect of salt concentration on amidase activity was also studied and maximum activity was observed in presence of 50?g L?1 NaCl with significant activity up to 200?g L?1 NaCl which justifies its halotolerant nature. Various organic solvents compatibility profile showed that the enzyme was highly active in presence of 10% methyl alcohol. Henceforth, halotolerant enzymes may find application in industrial processes where substrate requires organic solvents for solubilization. 相似文献
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Jaiprakash N. Sangshetti Rahul R. Nagawade Devanand B. Shinde 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2009,19(13):3564-3567
A novel series of 1,2,3 triazole compounds possessing 1,2,4 oxadiazole ring were efficiently synthesized. Synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activities using standard cup plate method. SAR for the series has been developed by comparing their MIC values with miconazole and fluconazole. Compound 11a from the series was more potent than miconazole against Candida albicans (MIC-20) and Aspergillus flavus (MIC-10) whereas equipotent with miconazole against Fusarium oxysporum (MIC-25) and Aspergillus niger (MIC-12.5). Also compound 11h was more potent than miconazole against Candida albicans (MIC-20) and Aspergillus niger (MIC-10) and equipotent with miconazole against Fusarium oxysporum. Compound 11h was equipotent with fluconazole against Aspergillus niger (MIC-10). 相似文献
946.
Kirandeep Kaur Meenakshi Jain Tarandeep Kaur Rahul Jain 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2009,17(9):3229-3256
Malaria is a major public health problem mainly due to the development of resistance by the most lethal causative parasitic species, Plasmodium falciparum to the mainstay drugs like chloroquine. New drugs with unique structures and mechanism of action are urgently required to treat sensitive and drug-resistant strains of malaria. Historically, compounds containing novel structure from natural origin represent a major source for the discovery and development of new drugs for several diseases. This review presents recent advances in antimalarial drug discovery from natural sources, including plant extracts, and compounds isolated from plants, bacteria, fungi and marine organisms. These compounds offer new and novel scaffolds for development as antimalarials. The literature from 1998 to October 2008 is reviewed. The review present literature compilation from plant and marine extracts, alkaloids (naphthylisoquinolines, bisbenzylisoquinolines, protoberberines and aporphines, indoles, manzamines, and miscellaneous alkaloids) terpenes (sesquiterpenes, triterpenes, diterpenes, and miscellaneous terpenes) quassinoids, flavonoids, limonoids, chalcones, peptides, xanthones, quinones and coumarines, and miscellaneous antimalarials from nature. The review also provides an outlook to recent semisynthetic approaches to antimalarial drugs discovered from natural sources. 相似文献
947.
The purpose of this work was to develop novel taste masked mouth-dissolving tablets of tramadol that overcomes principle drawback
of such formulation which is inadequate mechanical strength. Tramadol is an opioid analgesic used for the treatment of moderate
to severe pain. Mouth-dissolving tablets offer substantial advantages like rapid onset of action, beneficial for patients
having difficulties in swallowing and in conditions where access to water is difficult. The crucial aspect in the formulation
of mouth-dissolving tablets is to mask the bitter taste and to minimize the disintegration time while maintaining a good mechanical
strength of the tablet. Mouth-dissolving tablets of tramadol are not yet reported in the literature because of its extreme
bitter taste. In this work, the bitter taste of Tramadol HCl was masked by forming a complex with an ion exchange resin Tulsion335.
The novel combination of a superdisintegrant and a binder that melts near the body temperature was used to formulate mechanically
strong tablets that showed fast disintegration. A 32 full factorial design and statistical models were applied to optimize the effect of two factors, i.e., superdisintegrant
(crospovidone) and a mouth-melting binder (Gelucire 39/01). It was observed that the responses, i.e., disintegration time
and percent friability were affected by both the factors. The statistical models were validated and can be successfully used
to prepare optimized taste masked mouth-dissolving tablets of Tramadol HCl with adequate mechanical strength and rapid disintegration. 相似文献
948.
Identification and cross-species amplification of EST derived SSR markers in different bamboo species 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Vikas Sharma Pankaj Bhardwaj Rahul Kumar Ram Kumar Sharma Anil Sood Paramvir Singh Ahuja 《Conservation Genetics》2009,10(3):721-724
The availability of expressed sequence data derived from gene discovery programs became an alternative source of mining simple
sequence repeat (SSR) and developing inexpensive genetic markers for the crop improvements. In present study, 10 express sequence
tags (EST)-SSR markers were identified from Bambusa oldhamii public sequence data base. Transferability to 25 species of Bambusoideae ranged from 30% to 100%. The number of alleles detected
per locus ranged from 2 to 10. All the newly identified SSR markers were found to be moderately to highly polymorphic with
an average Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) value of 0.54. As these loci represents transcribed region and recorded high
level of cross transferability and reliable amplification across the species, demonstrating the utility of these markers for
functional and genetic analyses of bamboo species. 相似文献
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