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51.
Vincent Roy Rachida Zerrouki Pierre Krausz Géraldine Laumond Anne Marie Aubertin 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(5):413-421
This article describes the synthesis of a series of AZT analogues bearing an acyclic chain between the sugar and the base moieties is described. These new compounds were readily obtained using microwave irradiation. The compounds were characterized by 1H NMR and IR spectroscopy. Antiviral (HIV-1) properties of these compounds were examined. 相似文献
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53.
Amina Bakhchane Majida Charif Sara Salime Redouane Boulouiz Halima Nahili Rachida Roky Guy Lenaers Abdelhamid Barakat 《PloS one》2015,10(9)
Mutations in the TBC1D24 gene are responsible for four neurological presentations: infantile epileptic encephalopathy, infantile myoclonic epilepsy, DOORS (deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, mental retardation and seizures) and NSHL (non-syndromic hearing loss). For the latter, two recessive (DFNB86) and one dominant (DFNA65) mutations have so far been identified in consanguineous Pakistani and European/Chinese families, respectively. Here we report the results of a genetic study performed on a large Moroccan cohort of deaf patients that identified three families with compound heterozygote mutations in TBC1D24. Four novel mutations were identified, among which, one c.641G>A (p.Arg214His) was present in the three families, and has a frequency of 2% in control Moroccan population with normal hearing, suggesting that it acts as an hypomorphic variant leading to restricted deafness when combined with another recessive severe mutation. Altogether, our results show that mutations in TBC1D24 gene are a frequent cause (>2%) of NSHL in Morocco, and that due to its possible compound heterozygote recessive transmission, this gene should be further considered and screened in other deaf cohorts. 相似文献
54.
González SL López-Costa JJ Labombarda F Deniselle MC Guennoun R Schumacher M De Nicola AF 《Cellular and molecular neurobiology》2009,29(1):27-39
(1) Following acute spinal cord injury, progesterone modulates several molecules essential for motoneuron function, although
the morphological substrates for these effects are unknown. (2) The present study analyzed morphological changes in motoneurons
distal to the lesion site from rats with or without progesterone treatment. We employed electron microscopy to study changes
in nucleus and cytoplasm and immunohistochemistry for the microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) for changes in cytoskeleton.
(3) After spinal cord injury, the nucleoplasm appeared more finely dispersed resulting in reduced electron opacity and the
nucleus adopted an eccentric position. Changes of perikarya included dissolution of Nissl bodies and dissociation of polyribosomes
(chromatolysis). After progesterone treatment for 3 days, the deafferented motoneurons now presented a clumped nucleoplasm,
a better-preserved rough endoplasmic reticulum and absence of chromatolysis. Progesterone partially prevented development
of nuclear eccentricity. Whereas 50% of injured motoneurons showed nuclear eccentricity, only 16% presented this phenotype
after receiving progesterone. Additionally, injured rats showed reduced immunostaining for MAP2 in dendrites, pointing to
cytoskeleton abnormalities, whereas progesterone treatment attenuated the injury-induced loss of MAP2. (4) Our data indicated
that progesterone maintained in part neuronal ultrastructure, attenuated chromatolysis, and preclude the loss of MAP2, suggesting
a protective effect during the early phases of spinal cord injury. 相似文献
55.
Ennadir J Hassikou R Ohmani F Hammamouchi J Bouazza F Qasmaoui A Mennane Z Touhami AO Charof R Khedid K 《Canadian journal of microbiology》2012,58(2):145-150
Cereal products (soft and hard wheat) are a basic staple food in the Moroccan diet. A total of 60 samples of two types of wheat flours used for human consumption were collected; 30 samples among this collection were obtained from various households using Moroccan varieties of wheat produced in traditional flour mills. The rest of the samples were purchased from retail wheat flour sources in the Rabat and Sale city markets. Standard plate counts (SPC), total and faecal coliforms, Clostridium, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, and molds, were carried out to assess the microbiological quality of wheat flour. Microbiological interpretation of the criteria was performed according to standards implemented by the Codex Alimentarius Commission. Most frequent counts, in traditional and industrial wheat flour, were total aerobic mesophilic bacteria with an average 4 × 104 and 2.5 × 104 cfu/g, respectively. The results showed higher coliform and fungi counts in house than in commercial samples. Pathogenic flora as Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, and Clostridium were not detected in all investigated samples. Bacterial strains isolated from both flours belong to the following genera: Enterobacter spp., Serratia spp., Klebsiella spp., Pantoea spp., Leclercia spp., Proteus spp. The most frequent genus of the investigated isolates was Aspergillus (81 %). Microbial counts were lower than the limit laid down in the Codex Alimentarius, attributing to these flours a satisfactory microbiological quality. 相似文献
56.
Immune response of Anopheles gambiae to the early sporogonic stages of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Deciphering molecular interactions between the malaria parasite and its mosquito vector is an emerging area of research that will be greatly facilitated by the recent sequencing of the genomes of Anopheles gambiae mosquito and of various Plasmodium species. So far, most such studies have focused on Plasmodium berghei, a parasite species that infects rodents and is more amenable to studies. Here, we analysed the expression pattern of nine An.gambiae genes involved in immune surveillance during development of the human malaria parasite P.falciparum in mosquitoes fed on parasite-containing blood from patients in Cameroon. We found that P.falciparum ingestion triggers a midgut-associated, as well as a systemic, response in the mosquito, with three genes, NOS, defensin and GNBP, being regulated by ingestion of gametocytes, the infectious stage of the parasite. Surprisingly, we found a different pattern of expression of these genes in the An.gambiae-P.berghei model. Therefore, differences in mosquito reaction against various Plasmodium species may exist, which stresses the need to validate the main conclusions suggested by the P.berghei-An.gambiae model in the P.falciparum-An.gambiae system. 相似文献
57.
Hadj-Bouazza A Zerrouki R Krausz P Laumond G Aubertin AM Champavier Y 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2005,24(8):1249-1263
The synthesis of new acyclic nucleosides is described. These syntheses were accomplished by various methods: glycosylation, selective or total deprotection, oxidation/reduction, chlorination or azidation of hydroxyl groups. The compounds were characterized with NMR, mass and IR spectroscopy. Antiviral properties of these compounds were evaluated on HIV-1 infected cell lines. 相似文献
58.
Ying Liu Rachida A. Bouhenni Craig P. Dufresne Richard D. Semba Deepak P. Edward 《PloS one》2016,11(4)
Different anatomical regions have been defined in the vitreous humor including central vitreous, basal vitreous, vitreous cortex, vitreoretinal interface and zonule. In this study we sought to characterize changes in the proteome of vitreous humor (VH) related to compartments or age in New Zealand white rabbits (NZW). Vitreous humor was cryo-collected from young and mature New Zealand white rabbit eyes, and dissected into anterior and posterior compartments. All samples were divided into 4 groups: Young Anterior (YA), Young Posterior (YP), Mature Anterior (MA) and Mature Posterior (MP) vitreous. Tryptic digests of total proteins were analyzed by liquid chromatography followed by tandem mass spectrometry. Spectral count was used to determine the relative protein abundances and identify proteins with statistical differences between compartment and age groups. Western blotting was performed to validate some of the differentially expressed proteins. Our results showed that 231, 375, 273 and 353 proteins were identified in the YA, YP, MA and MP respectively. Fifteen proteins were significantly differentially expressed between YA and YP, and 11 between MA and MP. Carbonic anhydrase III, lambda crystallin, alpha crystallin A and B, beta crystallin B1 and B2 were more abundant in the anterior region, whereas vimentin was less abundant in the anterior region. For comparisons between age groups, 4 proteins were differentially expressed in both YA relative to MA and YP relative to MP. Western blotting confirmed the differential expression of carbonic anhydrase III, alpha crystallin B and beta crystallin B2. The protein profiles of the vitreous humor showed age- and compartment-related differences. This differential protein profile provides a baseline for understanding the vitreous compartmentalization in the rabbit and suggests that further studies profiling proteins in different compartments of the vitreous in other species may be warranted. 相似文献
59.
Wiam Hmimech Hind Hassani Idrissi Brehima Diakite Farah Korchi Dalila Baghdadi Hind Tahri Joutey Hassani Idrissi Meriem Haboub Rachida Habbal Sellama Nadifi 《BMC research notes》2017,10(1):763
Objective
Our case–control study aimed to access the potential association of insertion/deletion (I/D) ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) gene polymorphism with myocardial infarction (MI) risk of occurrence among a sample of Moroccan patients, especially young ones.Results
Distribution of I/D ACE gene variant among cases vs controls, showed that healthy controls carried out higher frequency of wild type allele I compared to cases (23.5% vs 21.79% respectively), when cases were carrying higher frequency of mutant allele D (78.21% vs 76.5% for controls). Patients were-after this- divided into two groups of < 45 and > 55 years of age, to investigate whether or not younger patients carried out higher frequency of the mutant allele D, than older ones. As expected, < 45 years old patients carried out more DD genotype than older ones (68.9% vs 54.6% respectively), and higher frequency of mutant allele D (81.08% vs 75% respectively). Besides, a tendency to a positive association was found under the recessive genetic transmission model (OR [95% CI] = 1.85 [0.93–3.69], P = 0.08), suggesting that the I/D ACE polymorphism may be associated with MI occurrence among younger patients (< 45 years of age).60.
Schumacher Michael Akwa Yvette Guennoun Rachida Robert Françoise Labombarda Florencia Désarnaud Franck Robel Paul De Nicola Alejandro F. Baulieu Etienne-Emile 《Brain Cell Biology》2000,29(5-6):307-326
Steroids influence the activity and plasticity of neurons and glial cells during early development, and they continue to exert trophic and protective effects in the adult nervous system. Steroids are produced by the gonads and adrenal glands and reach the brain, the spinal cord and the peripheral nerves via the bloodstream. However, some of them, named “neurosteroids”, can also be synthesized within the nervous system. They include pregnenolone, progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and their reduced metabolites and sulfate esters. Little is known concerning the regulation of steroid synthesis in the nervous system, which involves interactions between different cell types. For example, the synthesis of progesterone by Schwann cells in peripheral nerves is regulated by a diffusible neuronal signal. Neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects of steroids have been documented both in cell culture and in vivo. PROG plays an important role in the neurological recovery from traumatic injury of the brain and spinal cord by mechanisms involving protection from excitotoxic cell death, lipid peroxydation and the induction of specific enzymes. After transection of the rat spinal cord, PROG increases the number of nitric oxide synthase expressing astrocytes immediately above and below the lesion. PROG also plays an important role in the formation of new myelin sheaths. This has been shown in the regenerating mouse sciatic nerve after lesion and in cocultures of sensory neurons and Schwann cells. PROG promotes myelination by activating the expression of genes coding for myelin proteins. The modulation of neurostransmitter receptors, in particular the type A γ-aminobutyric acid, the N-methyl-D-aspartate and the sigma 1 receptors, is involved in the psychopharmacological effects of steroids and allows to explain their anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, antidepressive and sedative effects as well as their influence on memory. Pregnenolone sulfate has been shown to reverse age-related deficits in spatial memory performance and to have protective effects on memory in different models of amnesia. 相似文献