Imposition of water stress in wheat seedlings improves the efficacy of uniconazole-induced thermal resistance

Winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. cv. Fredrick) seedlings (seed) treated with different concentrations of uniconazole (S-3307) were water stressed by withholding water for 2, 4 and 6 days. Subsequently, the water-stressed seedlings were exposed to heat shock at 45°C for 3 h. Chlorophyll fluorescence, stress-ethylene and percentage survival were the parameters used to monitor the efficacy of protection against thermal stress by uniconazole. In the control seedlings, water stress for 2 days prior to heat shock provided minimal protection, whereas uniconazole protected both water-stressed and non-stressed seedlings from heat injury. However, the degree of protection by uniconazole was enhanced if the seedlings were subjected to water stress (2–4 days) prior to the heat shock. In addition to protection against heat injury, uniconazole also reduced stress-induced (water and heat) ethytene levels.     

Physiological stimulation of plants using delayed and regulated electric field environments

Electric field conditions have been regulated for optimum growth of corn as determined from field delay experiments on both corn and bean plants in a reversed electrostatic field, a conventional electrostatic field,and an electrokinetic (60 cps) field. These experiments have established the critical dynamic potential gradient (field strength necessary to induce physical leaf damage)at about 100 kv/m for extended electrification ( >10 hr) or corn and bean plants.Field delay or field intensity-time duration experiments on corn and bean plants allow a possible relationship between plant growth and storm conditions in the natural environment to be established.

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Zusammenfassung Es wurden elektrische Feldbedingungen für optimales Wachstum von Mais eingestellt, die in Feldverzögerungs-Experimenten mit Mais- und Bohnenpflanzen im umgekehrten elektrostatischen Feld, konventionellen elektrostatischen und elektrokinetischen (60 cps) Feld ausgearbeitet worden waren. Uber diese Experimente wurde der kritische dynamische Potentialgradient für Mais- und Bohnenpflanzen erarbeitet, das ist die Feldstärke, die erforderlich ist,um wirklichen Blattschaden zu erzeugen. Er liegt bei ausgedehnter Elektrifizierung ( >10 hr)bei ungefähr 100 kv/m. Feldverzögerungs- oder Feldintensitäts-Dauerexperimente mit Mais- und Bohnenpflanzen gestatten die Ausarbeitung der möglichen Beziehungen zwischen Pflanzenwachstum und Gewitter in der natürlichen Umwelt.

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Resume On a établi des conditions de champ électriques provoquant une croissance optimum du maïs. Pour ce faire, on s'est basé sur des recherches portant sur les effets de retardement dû au champ tant sur le maïs que sur des pois dans un champ êlectrostatique renversé, conventionnel ou électro-cinétique (60 imp/sec). Ces essais ont permis d'établir un gradient potentiel dynamique critique (champ absolument indispensable pour occasionner des dégâts physiques aux feuilles)et cela pour les deux dites plantes. Ce gradient est voisin de 100 kv/m pour une mise sous tension de longue durée (plus de 10 heures). Des essais de durée de l'intensité du champ ou de son effet retardateur, essais effectués sur du maïs et sur des pois,permettent détablir la relation probable qui existe entre la croissance des plantes et les conditions orageuses naturelles.

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Presented during the Fourth Int.Biometeor.Congress, New Brunswick, N.J., 26 August – 2 September 1966.     

Über den Gerüchsinn der Mehlmottenschlupfwespe Habrobracon juglandis Ashmead

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Connexins: a myriad of functions extending beyond assembly of gap junction channels

Connexins constitute a large family of trans-membrane proteins that allow intercellular communication and the transfer of ions and small signaling molecules between cells. Recent studies have revealed complex translational and post-translational mechanisms that regulate connexin synthesis, maturation, membrane transport and degradation that in turn modulate gap junction intercellular communication. With the growing myriad of connexin interacting proteins, including cytoskeletal elements, junctional proteins, and enzymes, gap junctions are now perceived, not only as channels between neighboring cells, but as signaling complexes that regulate cell function and transformation. Connexins have also been shown to form functional hemichannels and have roles altogether independent of channel functions, where they exert their effects on proliferation and other aspects of life and death of the cell through mostly-undefined mechanisms. This review provides an updated overview of current knowledge of connexins and their interacting proteins, and it describes connexin modulation in disease and tumorigenesis.     

Wichtigere neue Funde von Phanerogamen in Nordtirol

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Weitere Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Eu-Hieracien Tirols,Südbayerns und der österreichischen Alpenländer

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Zur Entwicklung des Tapetum lucidum fibrosum im Auge der Wiederkäuer

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Neue Beiträge zur Flora von Nordtirol

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Connexins: a junctional crossroad to breast cancer

The mammary gland presents a valuable model for developmental studies, spanning the embryonic stage through menarche to menopause. The dynamic remodeling of this gland is orchestrated by cellular heterogeneity, integrating mammogenic, systemic and local cues. Gap junctional intercellular communication provides pivotal cross talk of mammary epithelial cells with the surrounding cells and their local microenvironment. Connexins are involved in regulating normal and pathological mammary gland development, through channel-dependent and channel-independent roles. Modulation of the isoforms of connexins expressed, as well as their differential assembly into connexons and recruitment of a variety of associated partners, contributes to the complexity of signaling relayed at the membrane. This confers context-dependent functions of connexins at different stages of development and carcinogenesis. This review will summarize available knowledge about the functional dynamics of connexins and gap junctions in regulating normal mammary gland development and its pathophysiology.