三种棕榈植物的热值及灰分含量比较研究

通过测定厦门的三种棕榈植物布迪椰子、油棕和沼地棕的不同组分的热值和灰分含量。结果表明,布迪椰子各组分干重热值和去灰分热值由大到小的顺序为成熟叶>细根>幼叶>粗根>根茎>叶柄;油棕的为成熟叶>粗根>细根>幼叶>叶柄>根茎;沼地棕的为成熟叶>粗根>细根>幼叶>叶柄。布迪椰子的灰分含量高低顺序为细根>粗根>根茎>幼叶>叶柄>成熟叶,油棕的为成熟叶>幼叶>细根>粗根>叶柄>根茎;沼地棕的为幼叶>成熟叶>细根>粗根>叶柄。布迪椰子和沼地棕成熟叶的热值显著高于油棕,并且布迪椰子的成熟叶热值略低于沼地棕,但布迪椰子幼叶的热值显著高于沼地棕和油棕,布迪椰子的叶柄的热值显著低于沼地棕和油棕,说明耐寒性强的布迪椰子热值和灰分比耐寒性弱的油棕的分配策略更加合理,有利于提高其对低温的适应性,对植物引种具有重要的指导意义。     

The conserved aromatic residue W122 is a determinant of potyviral coat protein stability,replication, and cell-to-cell movement in plants

Coat proteins (CPs) play critical roles in potyvirus cell-to-cell movement. However, the underlying mechanism controlling them remains unclear. Here, we show that substitutions of alanine, glutamic acid, or lysine for the conserved residue tryptophan at position 122 (W¹²²) in tobacco vein banding mosaic virus (TVBMV) CP abolished virus cell-to-cell movement in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. In agroinfiltrated N. benthamiana leaf patches, both the CP and RNA accumulation levels of three W¹²² mutant viruses were significantly reduced compared with those of wild-type TVBMV, and CP accumulated to a low level similar to that of a replication-deficient mutant. The results of polyprotein transient expression experiments indicated that CP instability was responsible for the significantly low CP accumulation levels of the three W¹²² mutant viruses. The substitution of W¹²² did not affect CP plasmodesmata localization or virus particle formation; however, the substitution significantly reduced the number of virus particles. The wild-type TVBMV CP could complement the reduced replication and abolished cell-to-cell movement of the mutant viruses. When the codon for W¹²² was mutated to that for a different aromatic residue, phenylalanine or tyrosine, the resultant mutant viruses moved systemically and accumulated up to 80% of the wild-type TVBMV level. Similar results were obtained for the corresponding amino acids of W¹²² in the watermelon mosaic virus and potato virus Y CPs. Therefore, we conclude that the aromatic ring in W¹²² in the core domain of the potyviral CP is critical for cell-to-cell movement through the effects on CP stability and viral replication.     

Synthesis and antiproliferative activities of novel quartenary ammonium spinosyn derivatives

In order to enhance the mitochondria-targeting ability of spinosad. A series of quartenary ammonium spinosyn derivatives was designed and synthesized. Some of the derivatives displayed greatly enhanced antiproliferative ability towards tested human cancer cell lines. The structure activity relationship study indicated that lipophilicity has a great influence on the antiproliferative effects of these derivatives. The most active compound 11d exhibited remarkably enhanced OXPHS inhibition and apoptosis inducing ability than spinosyn A.     

Anti-HBV agents. Part 2: Synthesis and in vitro anti-hepatitis B virus activities of alisol A derivatives

Chemical modifications were performed on hydroxyl groups at C-11,23,24,25 positions and C-13(17) double bond of alisol A for structure–activity relationship study. Forty-one derivatives of alisol A were synthesized and assayed for their in vitro anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activities and cytotoxicities. Of them, 14 compounds were active against HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV e antigen (HBeAg) secretion in HepG 2.2.15 cells, and the most promising compound 25 exhibited high activities against secretion of HBsAg (IC₅₀ = 0.028 mM), HBeAg (IC₅₀ = 0.027 mM) and remarkable selective indices (SI_HBsAg >90, SI_HBeAg >93).     

霸王的组织培养和植株再生

1植物名称霸王[Zygophyllun xanthoxylun(Bunge) Maxim.]。2材料类别当年生健壮枝条。3培养条件芽诱导培养基:(1)MS 6-BA 0.5 mg·L~(-1)(单位下同) NAA 0.01;继代增殖培养基:(2)MS 6-BA 0.3 NAA 0.5;生根培养基:(3) MS IAA 1.0。以上培养基均附加3%蔗糖(生根培     

围湖造田不同土地利用方式土壤活性有机碳的变化

围湖造田是中国20世纪50年代后期开始大量出现的与水争地的人类干扰活动。以太湖流域肖甸湖区为代表,测定分析了肖甸湖围湖造田区,香樟林、水杉林、毛竹林、农田4种不同典型土地利用方式35年后,0～40cm土层土壤微生物生物量碳、水溶性有机碳、易氧化碳、颗粒有机碳的含量及分配比例的差异。结果表明:农田土壤微生物生物量碳明显高于林地,其0～10、10～20、20～40cm土层的微生物生物量碳的含量分别为573.38±18.28、335.52±53.35、109.33±4.86mg.kg-1,为香樟林对应土层的2.07、2.02、1.39倍,水杉林对应土层的2.26、2.79、2.01倍,毛竹林对应土层的1.89、2.10、1.21倍,说明农田的耕作与施肥措施对土壤微生物活性产生了较大影响。水溶性有机碳、易氧化碳与颗粒有机碳农田与林地相比无显著差异。围湖地区土壤水溶性有机碳和易氧化碳分配比例(1.22%～3.03%、10.56%～30.64%)高于相同气候区的山地森林土壤,颗粒有机碳分配比例(3.43%～17.28%)较低,说明土壤易分解组分占总有机碳比例较高,而保护性组分所占比例较低,围湖地区土壤有机碳稳定性较差。围...     

根结线虫对黄瓜叶片氮磷含量、土壤pH和酶活性的影响

通过盆栽试验,采用人工接种的方法研究了接种根结线虫对黄瓜植株根际和非根际土壤pH值、土壤酶活性及叶片N、P含量的影响.结果表明:根际土壤pH值在接种量达到每株6000个时才显著降低;随着接种量的增加,叶片N、P含量、根际土壤过氧化物酶、根际和非根际土壤多酚氧化酶活性逐渐降低,根际土壤过氧化氢酶活性却逐渐升高,非根际土壤pH值先升高后降低,非根际土壤过氧化氢酶活性没有明显的变化规律.接种根结线虫后,根际土壤脲酶活性显著降低,根际和非根际土壤磷酸酶活性、非根际土壤过氧化物酶活性仅在较高接种量时才显著降低.根际土壤pH值、酶活性及叶片N、P含量之间多数呈极显著相关,而非根际土壤pH值、酶活性及叶片N、P含量之间只有部分呈极显著相关.     

精神分裂症与表皮生长因子4(ERBB4)基因多态性的关联研究

目的:探讨表皮生长因子4(ERBB4)基因多态性与精神分裂症及发病年龄的遗传关联.方法:应用病例时照遗传关联研究设计,采用TaqMan技术检测方法,检测并分析768例精神分裂症患者和813例年龄、性别、民族匹配的正常对照者中ERBB4基因的5个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点与精神分裂症及发病年龄的关联.结果:ERBB4基因的4个SNPs多态性位点与精神分裂症显著关联(rs1851185, C>T,x2=4.37, P=0.036;rs6435689, C>T,x2=0.772,P=0.009;rs11887531,C>T, x2=6.876, P=0.008;rs12468336, C>T,X2=6.443,P=0.011)与精神分裂症关联,由rs1188753l-rs12468336-rs16847823组成的单体型CCC与精神分裂症关联(x2=7.519,P=0.006),并与精神分裂症发病年龄关联(CCC携带者20.17±3.87岁,非CCC携带者23.01±4.85岁,t=2.98,P=0.032).结论:ERBB4基因多态性可能与精神分裂症发病机制关联.