胃大部切除术后消化性溃疡患者残胃癌危险因素分析及其干预措施

目的:探究消化性溃疡患者胃大部切除术后发生残胃癌的危险因素,并提出相应干预措施。方法:选取我院收治的行胃大部切除术治疗后的消化性溃疡患者180例作为研究对象,将其随机分为两组,每组90例。对照组给予常规干预,观察组给予综合干预,观察两组的干预效果,同时将发生残胃癌患者与未发生残胃癌患者各项资料进行对比,分析影响残胃癌发生的危险因素。结果:观察组中没有患者发生残胃癌,对照组中有10例患者发生残胃癌,发生率为11.11%,显著高于观察组(P0.05);两组患者在首次手术年龄、性别、HP感染上进行对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者在首次手术吻合方式、首次手术溃疡位置上对比具有统计学意义(P0.05),残胃癌组组采用毕Ⅰ式2例,毕Ⅱ式7例,Roux-Y式1例;未发生残胃癌组采用毕Ⅰ式82例,毕Ⅱ式74例,Roux-Y式14例,残胃癌组首次手术溃疡位置以十二指肠球部为主,未发生残胃癌组以十二指肠球部、胃体部为主;Logistics回归分析结果证实首次手术吻合方式、首次手术溃疡位置属于残胃癌发生的主要危险因素。结论:术后残胃癌发生危险因素包括首次手术吻合方式、首次手术溃疡位置,同时相关并发症的发生同样会增加术后残胃癌发生风险,应加强引流管干预、并发症干预,并将此作为基础制定综合干预方案。     

培土栽培对麻竹笋品质的影响机理研究

为了评价不同栽培模式对麻竹笋品质影响,提高竹林经济效益,采用培土栽培和不培土栽培两种方式,通过研究麻竹笋外观形态、营养物质、呈味物质及氨基酸含量,分析了不同培土栽培对麻竹笋品质的影响。结果表明:(1)培土栽培的麻竹笋个体重量、基茎、长度及可食率较不培土栽培竹笋分别显著提高了28.09%、12.76%、19.61%、23.53%,箨壁厚度显著降低了46.43%。(2)培土栽培的麻竹笋灰分、蛋白质、脂肪及淀粉含量较不培土栽培竹笋分别显著下降了10.08%、12.77%、26.09%、48.84%,而还原糖、可溶性糖、水分及维生素C含量均不同程度增加。(3)培土栽培的麻竹笋单宁、草酸、纤维素、木质素含量较不培土栽培竹笋分别下降26.32%、20.26%、39.12%、25.47%。(4)培土栽培的麻竹笋氨基酸总量较不培土栽培竹笋显著增加了26.08%,其中的苦味、芳香类和鲜味氨基酸含量占比均下降,但甜味氨基酸占比则显著上升。研究发现,培土栽培可以改善麻竹笋外观形态,同时增加竹笋甜味、减少粗糙度和酸涩味,从而使竹笋品质得到明显提升。     

Characterization of polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite loci from the Siberian weasel (Mustela sibirica)

Nine tetrarepeat microsatellite loci for Siberian weasel (Mustela sibirica) were characterized. By using 35 individuals of unknown relationship collected from Taiwan, we evaluated the polymorphism of these loci. The number of alleles for each locus ranged from five to 12 (mean = 8.78 alleles) and the observed heterozygosity from 0.429 to 0.962 (mean = 0.688) and all loci conformed to Hardy–Weinberg expectation.     

Characterization and the broad cross‐species applicability of 20 anonymous nuclear loci isolated from the Taiwan Hwamei (Garrulax taewanus)

We isolated 20 anonymous nuclear loci (8556 bp in total) from the Taiwan Hwamei (Garrulax taewanus), an endemic songbird of Taiwan. A panel of nine to 15 individuals with unknown relationship was used to characterize polymorphism of these loci. We identified 46 single nucleotide polymorphic sites (SNPs) in 15 polymorphic loci. Frequency of SNPs was one per every 186 bp in average. Nucleotide diversity, θ, ranged from 0.00054 to 0.00371 per locus. We also tested cross‐species applicability of these loci on 17 species from eight different passerine families. All 20 loci could be successfully amplified (ranged from one to 16 species, mean = 7.9 species).     

从临床调查看开展糖尿病健康教育的重要性

目的:探讨对糖尿病患者进行健康教育的重要性。方法:采用自制的调查表,以问卷的方式对520名糖尿病人进行调查。结果:77．2%的病人是因体检或因其他疾病而意外被发现的,31．5%的病人会坚持定期检查血糖,28．9%的病人检查过餐后血糖, 45．9%和76．6%的病人还在用副作用很大的降糖灵和优降糖,只有29．3%的病人能够正确了解胰岛素,63．4%的病人相信或是相信过虚假的广告宣传。结论:对糖尿病人群进行糖尿病知识的健康教育是很必要的。     

太空诱变玉米核不育材料花粉败育的细胞学观察(简报)

玉米是最早利用雄性不育系生产杂交种的作物之一。在玉米T型细胞质雄性不育杂交种遭受毁灭性病害侵袭之后,科学家认识到利用细胞质雄性不育制种存在潜在的遗传脆弱性,从此试图通过多种途径来创造新的雄性不育．并对雄性不育材料的遗传多样性进行研究。空间诱变育种是80年代于我国发展起来的新技术,在农作物品种改良和种质创新上已初见成效。[第一段]     

贵州师范大学植物标本室的历史与沿革

自2017年参加“国家标本资源共享平台”植物子平台以来,贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院植物标本室除了数字化植物标本以外,还挖掘、整理了贵州师范大学植物分类学、植物地理学的建设和发展历程。经过3年的艰苦努力,最后向中国数字植物标本馆(CVH)提供了10 044份信息齐全的植物标本。通过此次植物标本数字化工作,彻底摸清了贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院植物标本的家底,盘活了标本室的库存,使得老一辈植物地理学家黄威廉等老先生60余年的科研成果重新展现在世人面前。通过植物标本的数字化工作,挖掘整理出老一辈精彩的植物标本采集史和学术故事。在标本数字化的过程中,学生和老师都对植物标本以及植物标本背后的故事有了新的认识,对植物标本数字化的重要性和必要性也有了更深的体会。     

泥鳅线粒体DNA限制性酶切图谱

对鱼类线粒体ＤＮＡ（ｍｔＤＮＡ）限制性内切酶图谱分析,有利于进行鱼类种间和种内遗传变异及进化的研究（张亚平等,１９９２）。目前国内外对鱼类的ｍｔＤＮＡ研究已有一些报道（陈关君等,１９８４;戴建华等,１９９４;Ａｖｉｓｅ等,１９８７;Ｂｒｏｗｎ,１９８...     

Increase of intracellular Ca(2+) during ischemia/reperfusion injury of heart is mediated by cyclic ADP-ribose

While the molecular mechanisms by which oxidants cause cytotoxicity are still poorly understood, disruption of Ca(2+) homeostasis appears to be one of the critical alterations during the oxidant-induced cytotoxic process. Here, we examined the possibility that oxidative stress may alter the metabolism of cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), a potent Ca(2+)-mobilizing second messenger in the heart. Isolated heart perfused by Langendorff technique was subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury and endogenous cADPR level was determined using a specific radioimmunoassay. Following ischemia/reperfusion injury, a significant increase in intracellular cADPR level was observed. The elevation of cADPR content was closely correlated with the increase in ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity. Inclusion of oxygen free radical scavengers, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy and mannitol, in the reperfusate prevented the ischemia/reperfusion-induced increases in cADPR level and the ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity. Exposure of isolated cardiomyocytes to t-butyl hydroperoxide increased the ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity, cADPR level, and intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) and consequently resulting in cell lethal damage. The oxidant-induced elevation of [Ca(2+)](i) as well as cell lethal damage was blocked by a cADPR antagonist, 8-bromo-cADPR. These results provide evidence for involvement of cADPR and its producing enzyme in alteration of Ca(2+) homeostasis during the ischemia/reperfusion injury of the heart.     

Loss of decreased-rubisco phenotype between generations of wheat transformed with antisense and sense rbcS

The elite UK winter wheat cv. Riband was transformed with constructs containing rbcS in sense and antisense orientations driven by the maize ubiquitin promoter with a transformation efficiency of 1.2%. Of 77 primary transformants 31% of the sense-rbcS transformed lines and 78% of the antisense-rbcS transformed lines had decreased rubisco content compared to wild-type and marker-only controls, with decreases of up to 60%. However, in the T1 progeny which inherited the transgene, only 5% showed significantly decreased rubisco content and these effects were on the margins of significance. Five potential T2 homozygous lines from T1 parents which had transgene segregation consistent with a single locus were identified. There was no significant decrease in rubisco content relative to wild-type in any of these lines (LSD of 8% for P= 0.05). Expression of antisense rbcS transgenes in two of these T2 lines was low but was increased following exposure of the plants to 37°C for 48 h. However this did not induce a significant decrease in rubisco protein content relative to controls. Southern analysis of two antisense lines showed that they had low copy number and 1–2 insertion events. In one of the two lines there was increased methylation of the ubiquitin intron in T2 samples compared to the TO primary transformant. Further work is required to establish whether methylation occurred in all the lines which lost the phenotype, and therefore the likelihood of this being the cause. The disappearance of the decreased rubisco-content phenotype between generations may therefore be attributable to (1) greater activity of the ubiquitin promoter due to greater stress in the T0 generation plants and/or (2) increased methylation of the transgene promoter region between generations.