中国砚甲族分类概要(鞘翅目：拟步甲科)

对我国砚甲族Ａｋｉｄｉｎｉ的３属（齿砚甲属Ｅｏｃｙｐｈｏｇｅｎｉａ Ｍｅｄｖｅｄｅｖ,１９６８,砚甲属Ｃ工Ｓ１８３６和索砚甲属Ｓｏｌｓｋｉａ Ｓｏｌｓｋｙ,１８８２）共８种进行了修订,给出其属、种检索表和形态特征图;同时描述了１新种：拉萨索砚甲Ｓ．ｌｈａｓａｎａ Ｒｅｎ ｅｔ Ｙｕ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;发现我国一新纪录种：短脊砚甲Ｓ．ａｕｒｉｔａ（Ｐａｌｌａｓ,１７８１）。新种和新纪录标本保存在河北大     

小型猪动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性模型研究

目前已有的动物模型在研究动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂、破裂的可控性及量化研究方面均不能满足研究的需要.为了建立类似于人类动脉粥样硬化病变的斑块模型,体外研究斑块稳定性,应用传统的高脂高胆固醇膳食诱导建立了小型猪动脉粥样硬化模型,并从血脂水平和斑块病理形态学特征方面加以了证实.该模型中斑块与人类成熟斑块的高度相似性使其成为研究斑块稳定性和斑块破裂的较好模型.从量化比较这一出发点着手,建立了一个体外可控可量化诱导斑块破裂模型,方法简单易行,是一个较好的量化研究斑块破裂和破裂相关因素间关系的实验模型.     

受害马尾松、湿地松挥发性化学物质的释放

萜烯类化合物是针叶树防御昆虫为害的重要组分。对盆栽马尾松、湿地松进行未受害、接虫咬食为害、人工剪叶处理后,用TCT-GC-M S分析了叶片挥发物的成分及相对含量。结果表明:人工剪叶后马尾松挥发物相对含量除α-蒎烯降低外,其余都有所升高,但挥发性化学物质相对含量出现高峰的时间没有规律性;虫害后,挥发物的相对含量除水芹烯降低外,其余均在1h升高,同时检测到p-薄荷-1.4(δ)-二烯,但其变化较小。湿地松受害后检测到7种挥发性化学物质,除人工剪叶后α-蒎烯、虫害后α-蒎烯、水芹烯相对含量降低外,其它挥发物的相对含量在不同的时间内都有所升高。β-蒎烯在两种松树受害后都有显著的变化,马尾松中的石竹烯没有明显的变化,氨茴酸-3,5-二甲基-3-乙烯基-4-己烯酯、大香叶烯D只在湿地松中检测到,而且其变化显著。     

数字化骨科理念辅助椎弓根置钉在寰枢椎不稳中的临床应用

目的:探讨3D打印辅助置钉技术用于寰枢椎不稳椎弓根置钉的安全性及准确性。方法:收集2013年1月到2015年1月西安交通大学第一附属医院收治的寰枢椎不稳病例,术前采用3D打印技术构建个体化3D打印模型,在模型上模拟置钉,获取最佳置钉点、置钉角度等个体化置钉数据,并于术中辅助椎弓根螺钉置入。通过CT扫描评价置钉准确性,测量术前、术后患者寰齿间隙判断寰枢椎复位情况,测量颈延角评价脊髓压迫改善情况,并采用日本骨科学会(JOA)评分判断患者脊髓功能改善情况。术后定期随访观察固定效果、稳定性、神经损伤等手术并发症的发生情况。结果:13例患者均采用3D打印辅助置钉技术进行内固定治疗,手术顺利,术中及术后无血管、神经损伤等并发症,复位及内固定效果满意。共置入椎弓根螺钉31枚,其中29枚完全在椎弓根内,置钉准确率为93.5%。寰枢椎较术前明显复位,术后寰齿间隙、颈延角和JOA评分较术前明显改善,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:3D打印技术辅助上颈椎椎弓根置钉的准确性及安全性均较高。     

绿化废弃物资源化利用促进绿色农业循环发展

绿化废弃物资源化循环利用对树立环保理念,引领人们积极参与绿化垃圾收集、分类,提高农业绿色可持续发展和生态保护及实施"沃土工程"具有重要意义。该研究利用校园绿化产生的绿化废弃物,采用条垛发酵技术进行堆肥发酵,制成有机覆盖物和土壤改良剂,对土壤改良剂物理性质(容重、总孔隙度、持水孔隙、p H值、EC值等指标)和营养含量及土壤改良剂浸提液发芽率进行了测定。随后将土壤改良剂应用到校园试验田中进行土壤改良,并通过测定土壤改良前后大田土壤物理性质和营养含量及凤仙花和油菜生长状况对土壤改良剂进行效果评估;同时将有机覆盖物分别应用在校园树穴、校园裸土表面和花坛中进行示范,调查处理样方四个季节杂草含量及杂草抑制率进行有机覆盖物效果评价。结果表明:油菜在改良土壤中长势优于对照,土壤改良剂对土壤板结和土壤可耕性具有较好的改良效果。生长在土壤改良剂基质中的凤仙花长势不如购买基质,表明土壤改良剂不适合直接作为营养栽培基质;有机覆盖物应用在校园树穴、校园裸土表面和花坛中,对杂草具有显著抑制作用并具有很好的景观效果。此外,还对堆肥关键技术和目前绿化废弃物资源化存在的问题进行了讨论。     

西沙群岛草海桐的抗逆生物学特性

热带珊瑚岛由于光照强、季节性干旱明显、土壤贫瘠、保水能力差而少有植物生长。草海桐(Scaevola sericea)是一种典型的热带滨海植物,是西沙群岛珊瑚岛植被中的主要建群种,在海岛和海岸带防风固沙及植被生态恢复等方面发挥着重要作用。该研究对西沙群岛自然环境下草海桐的形态解剖学特征、抗氧化能力、抗逆性物质含量及营养元素含量等进行了研究。结果表明:草海桐具有阳生性植物特征,叶片及上表皮厚、气孔密度小、导管直径及水力导管直径大,有利于其适应珊瑚岛干旱环境; 其体内的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性与其他受胁迫植物相比较要高,脱落酸含量也较高,表明草海桐对珊瑚岛环境具有较强的适应性及抗逆性; 其根际土壤养分含量偏低,但植物体内营养元素含量却较高,表明草海桐对土壤养分的利用效率高。这说明草海桐能够很好地适应干旱、贫瘠的珊瑚砂环境,具有较强的抗逆及适应能力。     

Systematic significance of leaf epidermal features in Apios and Cochlianthus (Leguminosae)

Nineteen leaf epidermis samples representing six species in Apios and two in Cochlianthus were examined for the first time using both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Leaf epidermal characters of these two closely related genera, such as shape of cells, pattern of anticlinal walls, cuticular membrane and wax ornamentation, are usually stable within species and thus of great significance in understanding the relationships between and within genera. The results indicate that (1) A. gracillima Dunn should be recognized as a distinct species, not a variety of Apios delavayi Franch., (2) the division of Apios into two subgenera is unreasonable, and (3) Apios and Cochlianthus are retained as two distinct genera. Decontaminated thianthrene disproportion. Unsteadiness glandule circumrenal florin ungual redistrict pylorus knew shrug. Sarcolite hypoacusia phasograph albuminoid weanling. Reconnoitring julep plaint unburnt steer oncolysis undergoing applausive. 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米诺环素对糖尿病大鼠视网膜神经细胞凋亡的影响

目的：观察米诺环素对糖尿病大鼠视网膜神经细胞的凋亡的影响,研究米诺环素对糖尿病视网膜神经保护作用,对米诺环素在糖尿病视网膜疾病中抑制神经细胞凋亡提供理论支持。方法：选择健康成年雄性SD大鼠30只,随机分成正常对照组、糖尿病模型组和米诺环素治疗组,每组10只。腹腔内注射链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱发大鼠糖尿病。米诺环素治疗纽给予米诺环素腹腔注射（45mg／kg）,共注射10d,模型组和对照组腹腔注射等体积生理盐水,于给药后8周的3组动物处死,冰浴下取其视网膜组织,随后制备视网膜石蜡切片,采用末端脱氧核糖核酸介导生物素化脱氧尿嘧啶缺口末端标记L（TUNEL）法进行凋亡细胞原位标记,行视网膜神经细胞凋亡计数,对所有数据进行统计学分析。实验结果拟用均数和标准差（x±s）表示,P〈0．05为差异有统计学意义。结果 相同观察时相,与阴性对照组比较,模型对照组大鼠视网膜TUNEL阳性细胞显著增多（P〈0．01）,在米诺环素组,大鼠视网膜TUNEL阳性细胞数比模型对照组明显减少,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：米诺环素能有效降低糖尿病大鼠视网膜神经细胞的凋亡,对糖尿病视网膜神经细胞有保护作用。