Plantlet Regeneration from Protoplasts lsolated from an Embryogenic Suspension Cultureof Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Protoplasts were isolated from an embryogenic suspension culture of commercial cotton cv. The protoplasts were released enzymatically and isolated by centrifugation on a sucrose cushion. The isolated protoplasts were initially cultured in a liquid medium with K3 mineral salts and modified Km8p organic compositions, supplemented with 0.05–0.1 mg/l 2,4-D, 0.2–0.5 mg/l 2ip in the dark. The regenerated plantlets from protoplasts of coker312 and coker 201 cv. were obtained. Embryogenesis from protoplast of Jin4 cv. and microcolonies form protoplasts of JiHe321 and Lul cv. were observed.     

The effect of mesenchymal stromal cells on doxorubicin-induced nephropathy in rats

Background aimsThe potential protective effects of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) on some kidney diseases has been reported. However, the effect of MSCs on doxorubicin-induced nephropathy is still poorly understood.MethodsRats with doxorubicin-induced kidney injuries were treated with human cord-derived MSCs. Human MSCs were first labeled with 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine to track their homing in kidneys after infusion.ResultsAlleviation of proteinuria, decreased serum albumin, alleviation of lipid disorders and histologic alterations were found in rats 4 weeks after treatment with MSCs, particularly in rats that were given repeat doses. Decreases in serum levels of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and prostaglandin E₂ and decreases in messenger RNA levels of kidney tissue cylooxygenase-2 and EP4 were found in MSC-treated rats. MSC-treated rats also displayed an increase in serum interleukin-10 levels.ConclusionsThese results indicate that MSCs ameliorate doxorubicin-induced kidney injuries and inflammation, suggesting a potential clinical treatment for inflammatory kidney diseases.     

SIDD: A Semantically Integrated Database towards a Global View of Human Disease

Background

A number of databases have been developed to collect disease-related molecular, phenotypic and environmental features (DR-MPEs), such as genes, non-coding RNAs, genetic variations, drugs, phenotypes and environmental factors. However, each of current databases focused on only one or two DR-MPEs. There is an urgent demand to develop an integrated database, which can establish semantic associations among disease-related databases and link them to provide a global view of human disease at the biological level. This database, once developed, will facilitate researchers to query various DR-MPEs through disease, and investigate disease mechanisms from different types of data.

Methodology

To establish an integrated disease-associated database, disease vocabularies used in different databases are mapped to Disease Ontology (DO) through semantic match. 4,284 and 4,186 disease terms from Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) respectively are mapped to DO. Then, the relationships between DR-MPEs and diseases are extracted and merged from different source databases for reducing the data redundancy.

Conclusions

A semantically integrated disease-associated database (SIDD) is developed, which integrates 18 disease-associated databases, for researchers to browse multiple types of DR-MPEs in a view. A web interface allows easy navigation for querying information through browsing a disease ontology tree or searching a disease term. Furthermore, a network visualization tool using Cytoscape Web plugin has been implemented in SIDD. It enhances the SIDD usage when viewing the relationships between diseases and DR-MPEs. The current version of SIDD (Jul 2013) documents 4,465,131 entries relating to 139,365 DR-MPEs, and to 3,824 human diseases. The database can be freely accessed from: http://mlg.hit.edu.cn/SIDD.     

电针对大鼠足底疼痛病灶所属脊髓节段一氧化氮合酶阳性反应的影响

采用NADPH-d组织化学方法,观察电针对大鼠一侧足底注射5%福尔马林50μl后病灶所属脊髓节段（L4-L6）一氧化氮合酶（NOS）阳性反应的影响。结果表明,福尔马林组大鼠L4-L6节段脊髓胶状质NOS阳性反应较生理盐水组显著增强,电针治疗组大鼠L4-L6节段脊髓胶状质NOS阳性反应与生理盐水组无显著差异。但明显弱于福尔马林组,提示电针治疗能抑制大鼠足底疼痛病灶所属脊髓节段NO合成,减弱脊髓神经元的敏感化,从而发挥镇痛作用。     

Halogen Engineering for Operationally Stable Perovskite Solar Cells via Sequential Deposition

The performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) relies on the synthesis method and chemical composition of the perovskite materials. So far, PSCs that have adopted two‐step sequential deposited perovskite with the state‐of‐art composition (FAPbI₃)_1?x(MAPbBr₃)_x (x < 0.05) have achieved record power conversion efficiency (PCE), while their one‐step antisolvent dripping counterparts with typical composition Cs_0.05FA_0.81MA_0.14Pb(I_0.85Br_0.15)₃ with more bromine have exhibited much better long‐term operational stability. Thus, halogen engineering that aims to elevate bromine content in sequential deposited perovskite film would push operational stability of PSCs toward that of antisolvent dripping deposited perovskite materials. Here, a Br‐rich seeding growth method is devised and perovskite seed solution with high bromine content is introduced into a PbI₂ precursor, leading to bromine incorporation in the resulting perovskite film. Photovoltaic devices fabricated by Br‐rich seeding growth method exhibit a PCE of 21.5%, similar to 21.6% for PSCs having lower bromine content. Whereas, the operational stability of PSCs with higher bromine content is significantly enhanced, with over 80% of initial PCE retained after 500 h tracking at maximum power point under 1‐sun illumination. This work highlights the vital importance of halogen composition for the operational stability of PSCs, and introduces an effective way to incorporate bromine into mixed‐cation‐halide perovskite film via sequential deposition method.     

赤瓟属的胚胎学研究(英)

首次描述了葫芦科赤Ｂｏ属植物生活史的主要过程以及胚胎学的重要特征,它们是：腺质绒毡层,胸质分裂同时型,小孢子四分体四面体型和等面体型,花粉粒散发时具两细胞,双株被、厚株心,蓼型胚囊同时,珠孔端受精,胚胎发育柳叶菜型。     

Overexpression of cyclin D1 induces the reprogramming of differentiated epidermal cells into stem cell-like cells

It has been reported that Wnt/β-catenin is critical for dedifferentiation of differentiated epidermal cells. Cyclin D1 (CCND1) is a β-catenin target gene. In this study, we provide evidence that overexpression of CCND1 induces reprogramming of epidermal cells into stem cell-like cells. After introducing CCND1 gene into differentiated epidermal cells, we found that the large flat-shaped cells with a small nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio changed into small round-shaped cells with a large nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. The expressions of CK10, β1-integrin, Oct4 and Nanog in CCND1 induced cells were remarkably higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). In addition, the induced cells exhibited a high colony-forming ability and a long-term proliferative potential. When the induced cells were implanted into a wound of laboratory animal model, the wound healing was accelerated. These results suggested that overexpression of CCND1 induced the reprogramming of differentiated epidermal cells into stem cell-like cells. This study may also offer a new approach to yield epidermal stem cells for wound repair and regeneration.     

干旱对小麦幼苗诱导蛋白表达与某些生理特性的初步探讨

试验以－１．２ＭＰａＰＥＧ６０００处理动小麦种子（ＴｒｉｔｉｃｕｍａｅｓｔｌｉｖｕｍＬ．）．ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ图谱分析表明,水分胁迫诱导幼芽及整株均产生４８．４ｋＤ、４１．５ｋＤ二个蛋白质亚基。在幼根中未出现以上二个蛋白亚基。胁迫４８ｈ后,根干重／芽干重比呈上升趋势,幼芽细胞膜楔对透性增大和相对含水量降幅度均大于幼根。