全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6542篇 |
免费 | 514篇 |
国内免费 | 516篇 |
专业分类
7572篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 12篇 |
2023年 | 86篇 |
2022年 | 185篇 |
2021年 | 291篇 |
2020年 | 217篇 |
2019年 | 271篇 |
2018年 | 248篇 |
2017年 | 151篇 |
2016年 | 283篇 |
2015年 | 400篇 |
2014年 | 438篇 |
2013年 | 436篇 |
2012年 | 550篇 |
2011年 | 556篇 |
2010年 | 331篇 |
2009年 | 317篇 |
2008年 | 376篇 |
2007年 | 367篇 |
2006年 | 318篇 |
2005年 | 235篇 |
2004年 | 221篇 |
2003年 | 218篇 |
2002年 | 175篇 |
2001年 | 110篇 |
2000年 | 112篇 |
1999年 | 96篇 |
1998年 | 44篇 |
1997年 | 58篇 |
1996年 | 65篇 |
1995年 | 42篇 |
1994年 | 34篇 |
1993年 | 31篇 |
1992年 | 52篇 |
1991年 | 37篇 |
1990年 | 24篇 |
1989年 | 23篇 |
1988年 | 27篇 |
1987年 | 22篇 |
1986年 | 14篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 18篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1965年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有7572条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
71.
Lawson W.R. Goulter K.C. Henry R.J. Kong G.A. Kochman J.K. 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》1998,4(3):227-234
In this study we report on the identification of molecular markers, OX20600 and OO04950, linked to the geneR
Adv in the proprietary inbred line P2. This gene confers resistance to most of the pathotypes of Puccinia helianthi identified in Australia. Analysis indicates these RAPD markers are linked to the resistance locus at 0.0 cM and 11 cM respectively. SCAR markers SCX20600 and SCO04950 derived from these two RAPD markers, and SCT06950 derived from a previously reported RAPD marker linked at 4.5 cM from the R
1 rust resistance gene were developed. SCX20600 and SCO04950 were linked at similar distances from their resistance locus as the RAPD markers. SCTO6950 co-segregated completely with rust resistance. The robustness of the R
1 SCAR marker was demonstrated through the amplification of the marker in a diverse range of sunflower germplasm considered to possess the R
1 gene. The SCAR markers forR
Adv were not amplified in the sunflower rust differential set thereby supporting the contention that this is a novel resistance gene. They did amplify in a number of proprietary lines closely related to the line P2. This locus is under further investigation as it will be useful in our attempts to use molecular-assisted breeding to produce durable resistance in sunflower to P. helianthi. 相似文献
72.
SN Park SW Kong MS Park JW Lee E Cho YK Lim MH Choi HS Kim YH Chang JH Shin HS Park SH Choi JK Kook 《Journal of bacteriology》2012,194(19):5445-5446
Fusobacterium nucleatum, one of the major causative bacteria of periodontitis, is classified into five subspecies (nucleatum, polymorphum, vincentii, animalis, and fusiforme) on the basis of the several phenotypic characteristics and DNA homology. This is the first report of the draft genome sequence of F. nucleatum subsp. fusiforme ATCC 51190(T). 相似文献
73.
Kong WN Zhao SE Duan XL Yang Z Qian ZM Chang YZ 《Journal of cellular biochemistry》2008,104(2):629-641
Recycled iron from reticuloendothelial macrophages to erythroid precursors is important to maintain the iron homeostasis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying iron homeostasis in macrophages are poorly understood. In this study, male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo, 500 IU/day, s.c.) for 3 days. At the fifth day, peritoneal exudate macrophages were harvested, and then (55)Fe uptake and release were measured by liquid scintillation counting method. The expression of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and ferroportin 1 (FPN1) in peritoneal exudate macrophages was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. In order to exclude the direct effect of rHuEpo on macrophages, the parallel experiments were performed with incubation normal peritoneal exudate macrophages with rHuEpo (2 IU/ml). Our results showed rHuEpo injection reduced the peritoneal exudate macrophages iron retention. The uptake of Fe(II) was decreased via the suppression of DMT1 (+IRE) expression and the release of Fe(II) was increased with increasing the expression of FPN1 in macrophages. Moreover, the expression of HAMP mRNA was four times lower in rHuEpo-treated liver of rats than control group (CG). HAMP mRNA expression was increased; the synthesis of DMT1 had no significant change, whereas the FPN1 was decreased in normal peritoneal exudate macrophages after treatment with rHuEpo in vitro. We conclude that hepcidin may play a major, causative role in the change of FPN1 synthesis and that decreased the iron retention in macrophages of rHuEpo-treated rats. 相似文献
74.
75.
Kong X Zhang C Jin X Wu X Zhang S Zhong Z Feng Q Liu T Yuan H 《BioFactors (Oxford, England)》2011,37(4):323-327
The objective of this study is to observe the effect of high-mobility group protein B1 A Box (HMGB1 A) box on lung injury in mice with acute pancreatitis and its effect on the level of high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) in lung, to explore the mechanism. A total of 60 male Institute of Cancer Research mice were randomly divided into control group (n = 30) and treatment group (n = 30). Severe acute pancreatitis mice model was induced by 20% L-Arg intraperitoneal injection. The recombination HMGB1 A box was used in treatment after modeling. All the mice were killed under anesthesia at 24 and 48 h after the modeling injection. The level of HMGB1 and activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in lung were measured. The pathological changes of lung were observed. The level of HMGB1 in lung of A box treatment group decreased more significantly 24 h and 48 h after modeling compared with control group. The activity of MPO in lung of A box treatment group decreased more significantly 24 h after modeling compared with control group. The lung tissue pathologic score of A box treatment group decreased more significantly 48 h after modeling compared with control group. HMGB1 expression levels in the lungs were positively related to histological score of injured lung in acute pancreatitis. It indicates that HMGB1 A box is remarkably protective to lung injury induced by acute pancreatitis. 相似文献
76.
编码天麻抗真菌蛋白cDNA的分子克隆 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
用重组DNA 技术研究了编码天麻抗真菌蛋白(GAFP)的基因,从天麻(Gastrodia elataBl.)块茎中提取Poly(A) m RNA 后合成cDNA,构建成表达型cDNA 文库,用纯化的蛋白质探针通过免疫筛选找出对应的cDNA 克隆。在进一步证明所选用的cDNA 克隆含有重组的λ-phage DNA 后,提取和纯化含有插入片段重组子的DNA,用Eco RI酶切分析可见插入片段。已分离出编码天麻抗真菌蛋白的基因 相似文献
77.
Effects of endogenous beta-amyloid overproduction on tau phosphorylation in cell culture 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wang ZF Li HL Li XC Zhang Q Tian Q Wang Q Xu H Wang JZ 《Journal of neurochemistry》2006,98(4):1167-1175
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by beta-amyloid (Abeta) overproduction and tau hyperphosphorylation. Recent studies have shown that synthetic Abeta promotes tau phosphorylation in vitro. However, whether endogenously overproduced Abeta promotes tau phosphorylation and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we used mouse neuroblastoma N2a stably expressing wild-type amyloid precursor protein (APPwt) or the Swedish mutant APP (APPswe) to determine the alterations of phosphorylated tau and the related protein kinases. We found that phosphorylation of tau at paired helical filament (PHF)-1, pSer396 and pThr231 epitopes was significantly increased in cells transfected with APPwt and APPswe, which produced higher levels of Abeta than cells transfected with vector or amyloid precursor-like protein 1. The activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) was up-regulated with a concomitant reduction in the inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK-3 at its N-terminal Ser9 residue. In contrast, the activity of cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (CDK-5) and protein kinase C (PKC) was down-regulated. Inhibition of GSK-3 by LiCl, but not inhibition of CDK-5 by roscovitine, arrested Abeta secretion and tau phosphorylation. Inhibition of PKC by GF-109203X activated GSK-3, whereas activation of PKC by phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate inhibited GSK-3. These results suggest that endogenously overproduced Abeta induces increased tau phosphorylation through activation of GSK-3, and that inactivation of PKC is at least one of the mechanisms involved in GSK-3 activation. 相似文献
78.
Ruihan Zhang Xin Li Zhongjie Liang Kongkai Zhu Junyan Lu Xiangqian Kong Sisheng Ouyang Lin Li Yujun George Zheng Cheng Luo 《PloS one》2013,8(8)
Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1), the major arginine asymmetric dimethylation enzyme in mammals, is emerging as a potential drug target for cancer and cardiovascular disease. Understanding the catalytic mechanism of PRMT1 will facilitate inhibitor design. However, detailed mechanisms of the methyl transfer process and substrate deprotonation of PRMT1 remain unclear. In this study, we present a theoretical study on PRMT1 catalyzed arginine dimethylation by employing molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculation. Ternary complex models, composed of PRMT1, peptide substrate, and S-adenosyl-methionine (AdoMet) as cofactor, were constructed and verified by 30-ns MD simulation. The snapshots selected from the MD trajectory were applied for the QM/MM calculation. The typical SN2-favored transition states of the first and second methyl transfers were identified from the potential energy profile. Deprotonation of substrate arginine occurs immediately after methyl transfer, and the carboxylate group of E144 acts as proton acceptor. Furthermore, natural bond orbital analysis and electrostatic potential calculation showed that E144 facilitates the charge redistribution during the reaction and reduces the energy barrier. In this study, we propose the detailed mechanism of PRMT1-catalyzed asymmetric dimethylation, which increases insight on the small-molecule effectors design, and enables further investigations into the physiological function of this family. 相似文献
79.
80.