人干扰素α-2b 基因在烟草中的表达研究

应用PCR的技术从质粒pAIFN中扩增人干扰素α-2b（Human interferon α-2b,HuIFN α-2b）编码基因,将其连接到pBI121双元载体构建植物真核表达载体pBIFN;用冻融法将该载体转染根癌农杆菌LBA4404;并用叶盘浸染法转化烟草叶片,经转化的烟草叶片的组织培养,诱导愈伤获得再生植株。通过应用PCR,RT-PCR,Wes-tern blot和WISH/VSV方法检测获得的烟草再生植株,结果表明HuIFN α-2b基因已成功整合进烟草核基因组并表达出具有活性的HuIFN α-2b蛋白。本文对HuIFN α-2b基因在烟草核系统中的表达进行了研究,为进一步在烟草叶绿体系统中该基因的表达研究奠定了基础。     

Quantitative determination of helicid in rat biosamples by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

A simple liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC–ESI–MS) method with highly improved sensitivities for the determination of helicid in rat bile, urine, feces and most tissues was developed. The tissues and feces were firstly homogenized mechanically using deionized water as the media. Bile, urine, tissues and feces homogenates were extracted by liquid–liquid extraction with n-butyl alcohol for sample preparation. The subsequent analysis procedures were performed on a Shimadzu LCMS2010A system (electrospray ionization single quadrupole mass analyzer). A Luna C₁₈ column (150 mm × 2.00 mm, 5 μm) was used as the analytical column, while a mixture of acetonitrile and ammonium chloride water solution was used as the mobile phase. The proportions of mobile phase were changed timely according to gradient programs. Chlorinated adducts of molecular ions [M+Cl]^? at m/z 319.00 and 363.05 were used to quantify helicid and bergeninum (internal standard), respectively. The method was validated to be accurate, precise and rugged with good linearity. The proposed method was successfully applied to the preclinical tissue distribution and excretion studies of helicid in rats.     

Three-dimensional gas exchange pathways in pome fruit characterized by synchrotron x-ray computed tomography

Our understanding of the gas exchange mechanisms in plant organs critically depends on insights in the three-dimensional (3-D) structural arrangement of cells and voids. Using synchrotron radiation x-ray tomography, we obtained for the first time high-contrast 3-D absorption images of in vivo fruit tissues of high moisture content at 1.4-microm resolution and 3-D phase contrast images of cell assemblies at a resolution as low as 0.7 microm, enabling visualization of individual cell morphology, cell walls, and entire void networks that were previously unknown. Intercellular spaces were always clear of water. The apple (Malus domestica) cortex contains considerably larger parenchyma cells and voids than pear (Pyrus communis) parenchyma. Voids in apple often are larger than the surrounding cells and some cells are not connected to void spaces. The main voids in apple stretch hundreds of micrometers but are disconnected. Voids in pear cortex tissue are always smaller than parenchyma cells, but each cell is surrounded by a tight and continuous network of voids, except near brachyssclereid groups. Vascular and dermal tissues were also measured. The visualized network architecture was consistent over different picking dates and shelf life. The differences in void fraction (5.1% for pear cortex and 23.0% for apple cortex) and in gas network architecture helps explain the ability of tissues to facilitate or impede gas exchange. Structural changes and anisotropy of tissues may eventually lead to physiological disorders. A combined tomography and internal gas analysis during growth are needed to make progress on the understanding of void formation in fruit.     

严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒N蛋白对甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量的影响

目的:研究严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)N蛋白对甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量的影响。方法:检测分析144例SARS患者甘油三脂和总胆固醇含量在发病后的变化;将小鼠随机分组,分别注射生理盐水和SARS-CoV N蛋白,连续给药9 d后检测小鼠血清中甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量的变化。结果:SARS患者的甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量随发病时间有升高变化(P0.05),在发病40 d前后甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量超标的病例数占本时间段内的病例数的比例显著高于其他时间段,而且超标的含量也明显升高。SARS-CoV N蛋白使小鼠体重明显高于对照组(P0.05),甘油三酯含量在39和51 d明显高于对照组(P0.05),总胆固醇含量在21和39 d也明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:SARS-CoV N蛋白可以升高小鼠的甘油三酯和总胆固醇的含量,其升高最为明显的时间段与SARS患者的甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量升高的时间段基本一致。由此推测,SARS-CoV N蛋白可能是促使SARS患者发病后甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量升高的重要原因。     

燕山山脉一种香料型乳菇的香味成分分析

利用固相微萃取技术（SPME）偶联气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析燕山山脉一种香料型乳菇——香亚环乳菇Lactarius subzonarius的挥发性成分。共检出25种挥发性成分,其中氧杂环化合物3种、醛类1种、酯类13种、烯烃类3种、芳香族化合物2种和烷烃类3种。具有葫芦巴感官气味的挥发性组分3-羟基-4,5-二甲基-2(5H)-呋喃酮的相对含量35.76%,该成分是其近缘种Lactarius helvus的主要香味化合物,故推测3-羟基-4,5-二甲基-2(5H)-呋喃酮是其关键香味成分。     

人源乳酸菌对2型糖尿病小鼠的缓解效果

为考察人源乳酸菌(发酵乳杆菌Lactobacillus fermentum 11、305和植物乳杆菌Lactobacillus plantarum 22、25)对2型糖尿病的缓解效果,对2型糖尿病小鼠连续灌胃菌粉溶液12周.每周记录各组小鼠体重、进食量和血糖.实验结束前进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验和胰岛素抵抗试验.实验结束后...     

金佛山自然保护区中国种子植物特有属

在野外调查和数量系统分析的基础上,对金佛山自然保护区的中国种子植物特有属进行了研究。结果表明,金佛山自然保护区分布有中国种子植物特有属51个,占该区种子植物属总数的4·59%,占全国同类属数的20·99%,其中裸子植物4属4种,被子植物4属65种。在被子植物中,双子叶植物占41属58种;单子叶植物占6属7种。在51个特有属中,单种属有39属,占总数的76·47%。唇形科、苦苣苔科、伞形科、兰科含特有属较多约占本区同类属的31·37%。特有属的生活型以多年生草本和落叶木本为主,两者共4属,占特有属总数的80·39%。特有属的分布区类型以东部和中部特有分布为主,并具有少量的南部特有分布成分,51个特有属的分布区类型表明了该区系由热带性质向温带性质的过渡性特征。本区的特有属植物多分布于低山和中山。金佛山与大巴山、武陵山、神农架关系较为密切,它们同属于川东-鄂西特有现象中心(或三峡中心)。在51个中国种子植物特有属中古特有属和珍稀濒危物种占有较大的比例,本区无疑是古植物区系的重要避难所。     

科尔沁沙地东部农牧交错带土地承载力研究--以科尔沁左翼后旗为例

科尔沁左翼后旗位于科尔沁沙地东部农牧交错带,生态环境复杂、脆弱,资源、人口和环境的协调发展至关重要,其土地承载力状况是协调三者关系的重要依据。本文应用系统动力学原理,以1995年为起始年份建立了系统动力学模型(SD模型),包括人口、土地资源、种植业、林业、畜牧业、渔业和消费等7个子系统。选择3种人口增长速度和3种营养水平组成9种方案,通过模型的运行预测了科左后旗未来50年人口的动态变化和最大土地资源承载力,并对1995—2000年实际的人口发展状况和生态状况进行了讨论。研究显示,科左后旗土地承载力46．7l—74．5l万人,不同的方案达到最大承载力的时间不同,指出控制人口增长是实现经济环境协调发展的必要条件,科左后旗的实际人口增长控制较好,现有的环境问题是不合理的开发活动造成的。     

特异性检测胰腺组织表达Cre重组酶转基因小鼠的方法

利用组织特异性分子标志物启动子调控Cre重组酶,研制了6种在不同组织中特异性表达Cre重组酶的转基因小鼠.这些转基因小鼠的基因型鉴定均使用设计在Cre基因编码区的通用引物.为了特异性检测胰腺组织表达Cre重组酶的转基因小鼠,在大鼠胰岛素RIP启动子上和Cre基因上设计1对引物进行PCR扩增,并通过凝胶电泳进行分析.PCR结果显示,设计在Cre基因上的通用引物可以从6种不同组织特异性Cre重组酶转基因小鼠基因组DNA中扩增获得480 bp产物;利用本研究设计的特异性引物可以从胰腺组织表达Cre重组酶转基因小鼠基因组DNA中扩增200 bp的目的条带.这一结果表明,利用特异性引物进行PCR反应,可有效地将胰腺组织表达Cre重组酶转基因小鼠与其他多种组织的Cm重组酶转基因小鼠鉴别开来.