TBK1 Facilitates GLUT1-Dependent Glucose Consumption by suppressing mTORC1 Signaling in Colorectal Cancer Progression

Intestinal inflammation is a vital precipitating factor of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a core enzyme downstream of several inflammatory signals. Recent studies brought the impacts of TBK1 in malignant disease to the forefront, we found aberrant TBK1 expression in CRC is correlated with CRC progression. TBK1 inhibition impaired CRC cell proliferation, migration, drug resistance and tumor growth. Bioinformatic analysis and experiments in vitro showed overexpressed TBK1 inhibited mTORC1 signaling activation in CRC along with elevated GLUT1 expression without inducing GLUT1 translation. TBK1 mediated mTORC1 inhibition induces intracellular autophagy, which in turn decreasing GLUT1 degradation. As a rescue, blocking of autophagosome and retromer respectively via autophagy-related gene 7 (ATG7) or TBC1 Domain Family Member 5 (TBC1D5) silence diminished the regulation of TBK1 to GLUT1. GLUT1 staining presented that TBK1 facilitated GLUT1 membrane translocation which subsequently enhanced glucose consumption. Inhibitor of TBK1 also decreased GLUT1 expression which potentiated drug-sensitivity of CRC cell. Collectively, TBK1 facilitates glucose consumption for supporting CRC progression via initiating mTORC1 inhibition induced autophagy which decreases GLUT1 degradation and increases GLUT1 membrane location. The adaptive signaling cascade between TBK1 and GLUT1 proposes a new strategy for CRC therapy.     

工业园区氮代谢——以江苏宜兴经济开发区为例

以江苏宜兴经济开发区为例,基于物质流分析构建了工业园区的氮代谢网络和分析方法,解析了工业园区中产业系统和污水处理系统的氮代谢途径和通量。研究表明,氮物质流系统的源和汇比磷物质流系统多,流通量大且较为集中;氮肥生产、纺织印染和食品加工行业是宜兴经济开发区的主要氮排放源;企业自备处理设施除氮效果较好,去除率约79%,而污水处理厂由于设计和运行等原因氮去除率较低,约57%;生活污水氮去除率低;直接排入水体的降水造成的水体负荷约28%。由此,建议企业继续完善企业内处理设施,对集中污水处理厂进行脱氮除磷提标改造,同时加强对园区内生活污水、生活垃圾和企业固体排放物的管理。     

Environmental filtering rather than dispersal limitation dominated plant community assembly in the Zoige Plateau

Identifying the mechanisms that underlie the assembly of plant communities is critical to the conservation of terrestrial biodiversity. However, it is seldom measured or quantified how much deterministic versus stochastic processes contribute to community assembly in alpine meadows. Here, we measured the decay in community similarity with spatial and environmental distance in the Zoige Plateau. Furthermore, we used redundancy analysis (RDA) to divide the variations in the relative abundance of plant families into four components to assess the effects of environmental and spatial. Species assemblage similarity liner declined with geographical distance (p < .001, R ² = .6388), and it decreased significantly with increasing distance of total phosphorus (TP), alkali‐hydrolyzable nitrogen (AN), available potassium (AK), nitrate nitrogen (NO₃ ⁺–N), and ammonia nitrogen (NH₄ ⁺–N). Environmental and spatial variables jointly explained a large proportion (55.2%) of the variation in the relative abundance of plant families. Environmental variables accounted for 13.1% of the total variation, whereas spatial variables accounted for 11.4%, perhaps due to the pronounced abiotic gradients in the alpine areas. Our study highlights the mechanism of plant community assembly in the alpine ecosystem, where environmental filtering plays a more important role than dispersal limitation. In addition, a reasonably controlled abundance of Compositae (the family with the highest niche breadth and large niche overlap value with Gramineae and Cyperaceae) was expected to maintain sustainable development in pastoral production. These results suggest that management measures should be developed with the goal of improving or maintaining suitable local environmental conditions.     

工业园区磷代谢分析——以江苏宜兴经济开发区为例

工业园区是工业活动的重要载体,也是水污染控制与治理的焦点对象。运用物质代谢分析方法解析水中主要污染主导元素在工业园区的代谢途径、结构与动力机制,有助于寻求提高水资源利用效率和减缓水环境污染压力的举措。以江苏宜兴经济开发区为案例,基于物质流分析方法构建了工业园区的磷代谢网络,详细解析了工业系统和污水处理模块的磷代谢途径和通量。研究表明,印染、食品加工和机械(磷化)行业是宜兴经济开发区的主要磷排放源;企业自备处理设施除磷效果不佳,磷去除率大约为60%,集中污水处理厂可以有效除磷,去除率约75%;生活污水磷去除率低;不经处理直接排入水体的降水给水体造成了较大的负荷,为34%。由此,建议企业完善简单的处理设施,污水处理厂提高企业纳管率,同时园区加强对生活污水、生活垃圾和企业固体排放物的管理。     

药用植物浸提液抑制蛋白核小球藻生长的化感效应

研究了11种药用植物浸提液对水华藻种蛋白核小球藻的影响,结果显示:黄连、重楼、贯众、防己4种药用植物的浸提液均有抑藻效应。当药用植物浸提液的相对浓度为1g/L处理时,其半抑制效应时间LT50的排序为:防己重楼黄连贯众。进一步研究防己的相对浓度梯度抑藻效应,结果表明:在相对浓度为2g/L时,实验3d后的藻细胞几乎全部死亡;防己的抑藻效应受贮藏时间和贮藏温度的影响不显著。在所研究的药用植物中,防己的抑藻效果最好,在抑藻方面有较大应用前景,其它3种药用植物对轻度藻类爆发的控制也有潜在应用价值。     

大雾岭保护区穿山甲冬季生境选择

1999年12月至2001年2月,对大雾岭自然保护区穿山甲冬季栖息地的选择进行了研究,结果表明对林型选择的先后次序为针阔混交林、灌木丛、常绿阔叶林、针叶林;最偏爱针阔混交林,最不喜爱针叶林.多选择陡坡(30～ 60°);干扰源距离较远(>1 000 m),干扰程度小;林下草灌层盖度高(81% ～ 100%),隐蔽程度好; 阳坡或半阴半阳坡;中低海拔(760 ～ 1 500 m);中下坡位;水源距离较近(<500 m);乔木郁闭度适中(31% ～ 70%)的生境.较少选择上坡位,林下草灌层中低(0 ～ 50%),乔木郁闭度偏高(71%～ 100%)或偏低(0～ 30%),阴坡的生境.对洞口设置的要求是多朝南,而且要求隐蔽条件好,多数为全隐蔽或半隐蔽;最不喜爱将洞口设置在裸露、隐蔽程度差的生境,强力避免洞口向北.坡度、干扰源距离和林下草灌层盖度是影响穿山甲冬季栖息地选择的关键环境因子.     

深黄被孢霉高产脂变株的选育及其发酵的研究

以深黄被孢霉（Mortierellaisabellina）AS3．3410为出发菌株,经紫外线,硫酸二乙酯和亚硝基胍复合诱变处理,选育成功高产脂深黄被抱霉M018变株,其摇瓶培养菌体油脂含量达65．6％,比出发菌株提高133％。60m³罐三级发酵培养菌体油脂含量高达79．2％,生物量达37．8g／L．气相色谱分析表明变株M018r-亚麻酸的含量比出发菌株提高了53％。连续传代试验表明M018是一稳定的变株。该变株油脂合成的最佳碳源为葡萄糖,最佳氮源为酵母膏,最佳C／N为