Catalytic and Dual‐Conductive Matrix Regulating the Kinetic Behaviors of Polysulfides in Flexible Li–S Batteries

The main challenge in developing foldable Li–S batteries (LSB) lies in developing an electrode that is ultraflexible, conductive, and catalytic for dissolved lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). In this paper, lightweight macromolecule graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C₃N₄) film and a conductive polymer (CP) of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) shell are introduced into flexible LSBs by compositing with carbon cloth (CC). In the designed hybrid of CP/g‐C₃N₄@CC, 2D g‐C₃N₄ is used in the form of an effective trapper and functions as a continuous catalytic layer for LiPSs via the formation of pyridinic‐N‐Li bonds. This is revealed by both experimental investigations and theoretical analysis. The sandwich‐like CC and CP simultaneously bring an omnidirectional conductive network for fast interfacial reaction kinetics. With these benefits, the self‐supported CP/g‐C₃N₄@CC forms a powerful interaction system to fully in situ “lock” LiPSs in the commercial CC matrix. Thus, a substantially enhanced electrochemical performance is obtained at a high sulfur loading (4.7 mg cm^–2) even operating in a pouch cell. This work may provide a potential avenue for practical use of high‐performance LSBs toward flexible energy‐storage devices.     

Ultrathin Nanosheets of Oxo‐functionalized Graphene Inhibit the Ion Migration in Perovskite Solar Cells

Mixed cation/halide perovskites have led to a significant increase in the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells. However, mobile ionic defects inevitably exacerbate the photoinduced phase segregation and self‐decomposition of the crystal structure. Herein, ultrathin 2D nanosheets of oxo‐functionalized graphene/dodecylamine (oxo‐G/DA) are used to solve ion migration in cesium (Cs)‐formamidinium (FA)‐methylammonium (MA) triple‐cation‐based perovskites. Based on the superconducting carbon skeleton and functional groups that provide lone pairs of electrons on it, the ultrathin 2D network structure can fit tightly on the crystals and wrap them, isolating them, and thus reducing the migration of ions within the built‐in electric field of the perovskite film. As evidence of the formation of sharp crystals with different orientation within the perovskite film, moiré fringes are observed in transmission electron microscopy. Thus, a champion device with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.1% (the efficiency distribution is 18.8 ± 1.7%) and a remarkable fill factor of 81%, with reduced hysteresis and improved long‐term stability, is reported. This work provides a simple method for the improvement of the structural stability of perovskite in solar cells.     

阿托伐他汀钙对帕金森病细胞模型的保护作用及其临床意义

目的:评价阿托伐他汀钙对帕金森病细胞模型及帕金森病患者临床症状的影响。方法:首先使用MPP+处理SH-SY5Y细胞建立帕金森病细胞模型。观察阿托伐他汀钙在该模型中对Wnt通路以及细胞凋亡的影响。其次选取66例符合纳入标准的临床患者,其中33例服用多巴丝肼片和盐酸普拉克索(普通治疗组)。其余33例则因其他原因在使用多巴丝肼片和盐酸普拉克索治疗期间服用阿托伐他汀钙片(阿托伐他汀组)。观察两组患者的Hoehn-Yahr分级,UPDRS评分,以及不良反应的发生率。结果:在MPP+处理组,Wnt通路受到抑制且细胞发生凋亡,而阿托伐他汀钙预处理可缓解MPP+引起的Wnt通路的抑制和细胞凋亡,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗8周后阿托伐他汀组的Hoehn-Yahr分级改善情况显著优于普通治疗组的改善情况,并且差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗8周后普通治疗组的UPDRS评分高于阿托伐他汀组的评分,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);阿托伐他汀组的不良反应发生率低于普通治疗组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:阿托伐他汀钙可通过Wnt通路保护MPP+引起的细胞凋亡并且在临床治疗中能较好的改善帕金森病患者的运动和非运动症状。     

A high activity zinc transporter OsZIP9 mediates zinc uptake in rice

Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient for most organisms including humans, and Zn deficiency is widespread in human populations, particularly in underdeveloped regions. Cereals such as rice (Oryza sativa) are the major dietary source of Zn for most people. However, the molecular mechanism underlying Zn uptake in rice is still not fully understood. Here, we report that a member of the ZIP (ZRT, IRT‐like protein) family, OsZIP9, contributes to Zn uptake in rice. It was expressed in the epidermal and exodermal cells of lateral roots, localized in the plasma membrane and induced during Zn deficiency. Yeast‐expressed OsZIP9 showed much higher Zn influx transport activity than other rice ZIP proteins in a wide range of Zn concentrations. OsZIP9 knockout rice plants showed a significant reduction in growth at low Zn concentrations, but could be rescued by a high Zn supply. Compared with the wild type, accumulation of Zn in root, shoot and grain was much lower in knockout lines, particularly with a low supply of Zn under both hydroponic and paddy soil conditions. OsZIP9 also showed Co uptake activity. Natural variation of OsZIP9 expression level is highly associated with Zn content in milled grain among rice varieties in the germplasm collection. Taken together, these results show that OsZIP9 is an important influx transporter responsible for the take up of Zn and Co from external media into root cells.     

水鹿的舔盐活动模式呈现性别和季节差异

舔盐是部分植食性动物通过舔舐盐土或盐井补充体内盐分和矿物质的特殊行为,舔盐行为节律特征分析是有蹄类动物活动模式研究的重要组成内容,深入分析野生动物的特殊行为及活动模式,有利于了解其资源利用特征及生存规律。本研究利用远程视频监控系统对卧龙自然保护区天然盐井（臭水沟）进行24h监测,分析了水鹿的舔盐活动模式。结果表明：（1）在天然盐井区域的出现率,雌性水鹿高于雄性,成体高于亚成体（幼体）;（2）水鹿的舔盐频率在秋季最高,冬季最低,且水鹿的舔盐活动主要在夜晚进行,秋季到达盐井的时间（18:00）早于春夏季节（20:00）;（3）雌性水鹿在秋季具有明显的舔盐频率高峰,而雄性水鹿春、夏、秋季的舔盐频率都较高;（4）成体水鹿的舔盐高峰出现在秋季,而亚成体（幼体）的舔盐频率从春季到冬季呈现逐步递减的趋势,且舔 盐高峰时间先于成体水鹿。盐井是水鹿活动频繁的区域,在对具有舔盐习性的物种开展保护的同时应考虑对盐井等必需生境的保护。     

Character Identification of an Early Flowering Mutant

The concept of gene-function-genetic trait was introduced to explore the effects of early flowering on the growth and development of maize at the jointing stage and to obtain early flowering mutants using ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis. First, we studied gene expression, phytohormones, and lignin content to explore the physiological peculiarities of the early flowering mutant. Then we analyzed the genetic features of the mutants during the jointing stage by measuring physiological and biochemical indices of drought tolerance. The results showed that the photosynthetic rate of the mutant was significantly higher than that of the control and the rate of accumulation of dry matter was rapid. In addition, the lignin content increased while drought resistance diminished. Therefore, we concluded that early flowering leads to faster overall growth and development.     

Graphene Oxide Ameliorates the Cognitive Impairment Through Inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway to Induce Autophagy in AD Mouse Model

Neurochemical Research - Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system characterised by cognitive impairment. Its major pathological feature is the...