Mild hypothermia in rat with acute myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury complicating severe sepsis

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) with concurrent severe sepsis has led to substantial mortality. Mild hypothermia (MHT) has been proved to have a therapeutic effect in either MIRI or severe sepsis, which suggests it might be beneficial for MIRI complicating severe sepsis. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats with MIRI complicating severe sepsis were allotted in either MHT (33 ± 0.5°C) group or normothermia (NT, 37 ± 0.5°C) group; as control, rats receiving sham surgery and normal saline were kept at NT. After 2h of temperature maintenance, blood and heart tissue were acquired for detections. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB) in blood, triphenyl tetrazolium chloride and Evans blue staining, hematoxylin and eosin staining for myocardium were employed to detect myocardial damage. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and caspase-3 was performed by immunohistochemistry to exam myocardial inflammation and apoptosis. Detection of NADPH oxidase (NOX) 2 was for myocardial oxidative stress. In MHT group, systolic blood pressure was improved significantly compared with NT group. Myocardial infarct size, morphological change, LDH and CK-MB levels were attenuated compared to NT group. Moreover, less expressions of TNF-α, caspase-3 and NOX2 in MHT group were presented compared with NT group. MHT showed cardioprotection by improving cardiac dysfunction, reducing myocardial infarct size and attenuating myocardial injury, inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress.     

Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles impede the progression of cervical cancer via the miR-144-3p/CEP55 pathway

Cervical cancer is the most common gynaecological malignancy, with a high incidence rate and mortality rate in middle-aged women. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) have been implicated in the initiation and subsequent development of cancer, along with the involvement of extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediating intracellular communication by delivering microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs). This study is aimed at investigating the physiological mechanisms by which EVs-encapsulated miR-144-3p derived from hBMSCs might mediate the progression of cervical cancer. The expression profiles of centrosomal protein, 55 Kd (CEP55) and miR-144-3p in cervical cancer cell lines and tissues, were quantified by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. The binding affinity between miR-144-3p and CEP55 was identified using in silico analysis and luciferase activity determination. Cervical cancer cells were co-cultured with EVs derived from hBMSCs that were treated with either miR-144-3p mimic or miR-144-3p inhibitor. Cervical cancer cell proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis were detected in vitro. The effects of hBMSCs-miR-144-3p on tumour growth were also investigated in vivo. miR-144-3p was down-regulated, whereas CEP55 was up-regulated in cervical cancer cell lines and tissues. CEP55 was targeted by miR-144-3p, which suppressed cervical cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration and promoted apoptosis via CEP55. Furthermore, similar results were obtained by hBMSCs-derived EVs carrying miR-144-3p. In vivo assays confirmed the tumour-suppressive effects of miR-144-3p in hBMSCs-derived EVs on cervical cancer. Collectively, hBMSCs-derived EVs-loaded miR-144-3p impedes the development and progression of cervical cancer through target inhibition of CEP55, therefore providing us with a potential therapeutic target for treating cervical cancer.     

《国家重点保护野生植物名录》调整的必要性、原则和程序

我国是世界上植物多样性最丰富的国家之一, 1999年发布的《国家重点保护野生植物名录》(下称《名录》(第一批))明确了国家重点保护野生植物的范围, 为依法强化保护、规范无序开发利用、提高公众保护意识奠定了基础。20多年来, 我国野生植物多样性保护形势发生了很大变化, 需要对《名录》进行调整。2018年, 国家林业和草原局、农业农村部启动《名录》调整工作, 物种的遴选遵循了5条基本原则和4条补充性原则, 这些原则主要涉及中国珍稀濒危物种, 具有重要经济、文化、科研、生态等价值物种的入选以及部分物种的排除。经国务院批准, 2021年9月7日, 国家林业和草原局、农业农村部发布了调整后的《名录》, 包括真菌类、藻类、苔藓、石松类和蕨类植物、裸子植物和被子植物, 共计约1,101种(455种和40类)野生植物列入其中。本文简要介绍了《名录》调整的必要性、原则和程序及调整后的情况。     

动物对孢子植物的传播模式及进化意义

孢子植物物种多样性丰富, 是自然生态系统的重要组成部分。孢子植物的传播通常被认为主要依靠风、水、弹力等非生物媒介, 而动物的作用往往被忽略。本文主要概述了: (1)孢子植物对动物传播的适应: 一方面孢子植物可为动物提供食物、庇护所、繁殖场所等, 另一方面孢子植物也可产生视觉、嗅觉等方面的线索来吸引动物, 从而促进动物传播其繁殖体。(2)动物对孢子植物的传播模式: 包括体内传播(消化道和组织寄生)和体外传播两种, 这些模式都能对孢子植物繁殖体进行有效传播。由于动物间形态或生活习性的不同, 以致传播距离存在差异, 最短距离为0.1 cm, 最长距离可从北半球至南半球。(3)动物对孢子植物传播的生态与进化意义; 由于某些孢子植物繁殖体的结构特点或萌发的需求, 以致其繁殖体只能通过动物的传播才能得以定殖, 因此动物与孢子植物之间存在密不可分的关系。目前, 动物对孢子植物的传播研究主要是描述性的内容以及研究单方面的传播途径, 建议在今后的研究中考虑动物对孢子植物传播的有效性以及多途径同时传播对孢子植物定殖的影响, 同时应更加关注孢子植物和动物互惠关系的形成、维持机制及将来的进化趋势。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者与健康人群肠道菌群差异性分析

目的比较多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者与健康人群间肠道菌群的差异,为后续研究提供参考。方法采用16S rDNA扩增子测序法对30例PCOS患者(PCOS组)和20例健康人(健康组)粪便标本中菌群结构进行分析,并比较两组之间的区别。结果与健康组相比,PCOS组患者肠道菌群α多样性降低。PCOS组患者肠道厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)丰度高于健康组,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)丰度低于健康组(均P0.05)。两组对象肠道梭菌门(Clostridia)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)丰度差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。PCOS组患者肠道变形杆菌纲(Proteobacteria)、芽胞杆菌纲(Bacilli)、红椿杆菌纲(Coriobacteriia)丰度高于健康组,拟杆菌纲(Bacteroidia)丰度低于健康组(均P0.05)。PCOS组患者肠道布劳特菌属(Blautia)、霍氏真杆菌属(Eubacterium_hallii_group)、阴沟杆菌属(Agathobacter)丰度高于健康组,拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、粪杆菌属(Faecalibacterium)丰度低于健康组(均P0.05)。两组对象肠道双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)、埃希菌-志贺菌属(Escherichia-Shigella)丰度差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论 PCOS患者存在肠道菌群失调情况,但其是否是PCOS发展的潜在致病因素需要进一步研究。     

中西部幼儿肠道菌群与膳食关系的比较

目的探究中部和西部地区幼儿肠道菌群的结构差异与膳食的关系,为幼儿营养健康状况监测和营养改善工作提供有效的营养干预。方法选择“贫困地区儿童营养改善项目”河南汝阳和贵州福泉,随机抽取107名汉族健康幼儿为调查对象,食物摄入采用24 h消费调查方法。应用高通量测序技术对肠道菌群进行测序和生物信息分析,研究两县幼儿肠道菌群差异。结果两县幼儿肠道菌群组成结构较为一致,但Alpha多样性分析表明,贵州福泉县幼儿肠道物种丰富度和多样性高于河南汝阳县。细菌属水平分析中,两县幼儿肠道内均以拟杆菌属、普雷沃菌、柔嫩梭菌和双歧杆菌属为主导的菌群结构,但河南汝阳县幼儿肠道双歧杆菌属和乳杆菌属丰度显著高于贵州福泉县(12.36% vs. 7.44%;0.19% vs. 0.03%)。结论中西部地区幼儿肠道菌群结构差异不大,但有益菌含量存在显著差异,这为研究肠道菌群与膳食及营养健康状况之间的关系提供了依据。     

Description of new species of two genera Dayus Mahmood and Znana Dworakowska from Thailand (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae)

Two genera, Dayus Mahmood, 1967 and Znana Dworakowska, 1994 of the leafhopper tribe Empoascini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae) are reviewed. One new species of each genus, Dayus furcatus sp. nov. and Znana furca sp. nov., are described from Thailand. A checklist and distribution summary of Dayus Mahmood species is given. Male habitus photos and illustrations of male genitalia of the two new species and notes on allied species are also provided.     

Human cholesteryl ester transport protein transgene promotes macrophage reverse cholesterol transport in C57BL/6 mice and phospholipid transfer protein gene knockout mice

Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry - Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) belong to the same gene family. Liver-specific expression of CETP...     

Prevalence and prediction of Lyme disease in Hainan province

Lyme disease (LD) is one of the most important vector-borne diseases worldwide. However, there is limited information on the prevalence and risk analysis using correlated factors in the tropical areas. A total of 1583 serum samples, collected from five hospitals of Hainan Province, were tested by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and western blot (WB) analyses using anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies. Then, we mapped the distribution of positive rate (by IFA) and the spread of confirmed Lyme patients (by WB). Using ArcGIS, we compiled host-vector-human interactions and correlated data as risk factor layers to predict LD risk in Hainan Province. There are three LD hotspots, designated hotspot I, which is located in central Hainan, hotspot II, which contains Sanya district, and hotspot III, which lies in the Haikou-Qiongshan area. The positive rate (16.67% by IFA) of LD in Qiongzhong, located in hotspot I, was higher than that in four other areas. Of confirmed cases of LD, 80.77% of patients (42/52) whose results had been confirmed by WB were in hotspots I and III. Hotspot II, with unknowed prevalence of LD, need to be paid more attention considering human-vector interaction. Wuzhi and Limu mountains might be the most important areas for the prevalence of LD, as the severe host-vector and human-vector interactions lead to a potential origin site for LD. Qiongzhong is the riskiest area and is located to the east of Wuzhi Mountain. In the Sanya and Haikou-Qiongshan area, intervening in the human-vector interaction would help control the prevalence of LD.