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191.
192.
黑曲霉(AspergilluS niger)AS 3.3883所产果胶酶经DEAE Sephadex A50及Sephadex G100柱层析分离出电泳纯的两种聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG1,PG2),并对它们的性质及结构进行了比较研究。结果证明两种酶作用的最适条件、动力学性质、分子量、氨基酸组成及金属离子对酶活力影响等方面有很大差异,但二者的每个摩尔的活力及酶的构象很相似。 相似文献
193.
194.
蚕豆对蚕豆蚜刺吸胁迫的生理防御策略 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
本文以蚕豆-蚕豆蚜人工实验系统为对象,研究了蚕豆因蚕豆蚜刺吸胁迫而引起的生理应激反应。发现蚕豆蚜的胁迫使蚕豆的能量代谢加强,苯丙烷类代谢途径的关键酶PAL活性升高,苯丙烷类的代谢产物抗性物质氯原酸含量增加,与木质素合成有关的过氧化物酶活性增大,主要代谢途径的产物水溶性蛋白成份相对地减少,细胞膜透性明显地加大。当蚕豆蚜的胁迫解除后,有不同程度的逆转。实验结果显示了蚕豆对蚕豆蚜刺吸胁迫的防御,是全面综合的应激反应,一种间断的、可逆转的自我调节过程。 相似文献
195.
社会竞争失败病因学的抑郁症树鼩模型 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
抑郁症是一种常见精神疾病,主要表现为持续两周以上的情绪低落。世界卫生组织预测在2030年抑郁症的疾病负担将高居所有疾病、伤残总负担的榜首。抑郁症面临三大难题:1)发病机理不完全清楚,因而缺乏有效的预测预防途径和生物学诊断;2)现有单胺类抗抑郁症药物起效慢,也可能导致患者自杀风险增加;3)缺乏副作用小的非单胺类快速起效抗抑郁症药物。针对这三大难题,长期以来,应用抑郁症啮齿类模型的众多研究并未取得实质性进展,至少部分因素归咎于啮齿类与人类大脑功能的极大种属差异。树鼩是灵长类近亲,具有更接近于人类的大脑功能。本文针对抑郁症发病机理假说、临床表象和抗抑郁症药物疗效等内容,综述了社会竞争失败病因学的抑郁症树鼩模型可能会具有更好的疾病同源性、表象一致性和药物预见性。这一被长期忽视的抑郁症树鼩模型尽管还需要进一步完善,但对其进一步深入研究可能为解决抑郁症的三大难题提供了一条新途径。 相似文献
196.
Santosuosso M Zhang X McCormick S Wang J Hitt M Xing Z 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》2005,174(12):7986-7994
The mechanisms underlying better immune protection by mucosal vaccination have remained poorly understood. In our current study we have investigated the mechanisms by which respiratory virus-mediated mucosal vaccination provides remarkably better immune protection against pulmonary tuberculosis than parenteral vaccination. A recombinant adenovirus-based tuberculosis (TB) vaccine expressing Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85A (AdAg85A) was administered either intranasally (i.n.) or i.m. to mice, and Ag-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses, including frequency, IFN-gamma production, and CTL, were examined in the spleen, lung interstitium, and airway lumen. Although i.m. immunization with AdAg85A led to activation of T cells, particularly CD8 T cells, in the spleen and, to a lesser extent, in the lung interstitium, it failed to elicit any T cell response in the airway lumen. In contrast, although i.n. immunization failed to effectively activate T cells in the spleen, it uniquely elicited higher numbers of Ag-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells in the airway lumen that were capable of IFN-gamma production and cytolytic activities, as assessed by an intratracheal in vivo CTL assay. These airway luminal T cells of i.n. immunized mice or splenic T cells of i.m. immunized mice, upon transfer locally to the lungs of naive SCID mice, conferred immune protection against M. tuberculosis challenge. Our study has demonstrated that the airway luminal T cell population plays an important role in immune protection against pulmonary TB, thus providing mechanistic insights into the superior immune protection conferred by respiratory mucosal TB vaccination. 相似文献
197.
中国的河蟹养殖及其发展前景 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis H.Milne-Edwards,1583)又名河蟹、大闸蟹、毛蟹,是水产珍品。中国的河蟹生产历史,经历了狩猎、增殖、养殖三个时期,都在不同程度上破坏了河蟹资源和水域生态平衡。近十多年来,河蟹养殖迅速发展,目前的年产量已超过10万t,年产值约100亿元。由于种苗混杂和传统养鱼技术的影响,总产虽高、个体却小、效益甚微,面临严重的市场危机。与此同时,结合河蟹生产的科学研究迅速发展,成果丰硕。当前已有可能认真总结,应用现代科技,走工业化集约式养殖河蟹的道路,以优质、大规格商品蟹和软壳蟹拓宽国内、外市场。
相似文献
198.
Menghong Dai Junjie Lu Yulian Wang Zhenli Liu Zonghui Yuan 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2012,50(5):807-812
The present criteria and rules controlling the approval of the use of probiotics are limited to antibiotic resistance patterns and the presence of antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria. There is little information available in the literature regarding the risk of the usage of probiotics in the presence of antibiotic pressure. In this study we investigated the development and transfer of antibiotic resistance in Bacillus subtilis selected in vitro by chlortetracycline in a stepwise manner. Bacillus subtilis was exposed to increasing concentrations of chlortetracyclineto induce in vitro resistance to chlortetracycline, and the minimal inhibitory concentrations were determinedfor the mutants. Resistant B. subtilis were conjugated with Escherichia coli NK5449 and Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 using the filter mating. Three B. subtilis tetracycline resistant mutants (namely, BS-1, BS-2, and BS-3) were derived in vitro. A tetracycline resistant gene, tet (K), was found in the plasmids of BS-1 and BS-2. Three conjugates (BS-1N, BS-2N, and BS-3N) were obtained when the resistant B. subtilis was conjugated with E. coli NK5449. The conjugation frequencies for the BS-1N, BS-2N, and BS-3N conjugates were 4.57×10?7, 1.4×10?7, and 1.3×10?8, respectively. The tet(K) gene was found only in the plasmids of BS-1N. These results indicate that long-term use of probiotics under antibiotic selection pressure could cause antibiotic resistance, and the resistance gene could be transferred to other bacteria. The risk arising from the use of probiotics under antibiotic pressure should be considered in the criteria and rules for the safety assessment of probiotics. 相似文献
199.
Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV),family Nanaviridae,genus Babuvirus,is a single stranded DNA virus (ssDNA) that causes banana bunchy top disease (BBTD) in banana plants.It is the most common and most destructive of all viruses in these plants and is widespread throughout the Asia-Pacific region.In this study we isolated,cloned and sequenced a BBTV sample from Hainan Island,China.The results from sequencing and bioinformatics analysis indicate this isolate represents a satellite DNA component with 12 DNA sequences motifs.We also predicted the physical and chemical properties,structure,signal peptide,phosphorylation,secondary structure,tertiary structure and functional domains of its encoding protein,and compare them with the corresponding quantities in the replication initiation protein of BBTV DNA1. 相似文献
200.
Nitric oxide production, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and mitochondrial nitrite-reducing activities in roots, leaves and stems
of different developmental stages were investigated, using potted 3-year-old apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees. The arginine-dependent NOS activity is sensitive to NOS inhibitor L-NAME and aminoguanidine (AG), with L-NAME
being more effective than AG. Endogenous NO production, NOS and mitochondrial nitrite-reducing activities are predominately
presented in young leaves and especially in young white roots and young stems. Root and stem mitochondria can reduce nitrite
to nitric oxide at the expense of NADH, however, this mitochondrial nitrite-reducing activity is absent in leaves. 相似文献