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251.
Chloride is an essential cofactor for photosynthetic water oxidation. However, its location and functional roles in active photosystem II are still a matter of debate. We have investigated this issue by studying the effects of Cl− replacement by Br− in active PSII. In Br− substituted samples, Cl− is effectively replaced by Br− in the presence of 1.2 M NaBr under room light with protection of anaerobic atmosphere followed by dialysis. The following results have been obtained. i) The oxygen-evolving activities of the Br−-PSII samples are significantly lower than that of the Cl−-PSII samples; ii) The same S2 multiline EPR signals are observed in both Br− and Cl−-PSII samples; iii) The amplitudes of the visible light induced S1TyrZ• and S2TyrZ• EPR signals are significantly decreased after Br− substitution; the S1TyrZ• EPR signal is up-shifted about 8 G, whereas the S2TyrZ• signal is down-shifted about 12 G after Br− substitution. These results imply that the redox properties of TyrZ and spin interactions between TyrZ• and Mn-cluster could be significantly modified due to Br− substitution. It is suggested that Cl−/Br− probably coordinates to the Ca2+ ion of the Mn-cluster in active photosystem II. 相似文献
252.
Peng Zhao Qiao Meng Ling-Zhi Liu Ning Liu Bing-Hua Jiang 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2010,395(2):219-224
PI3K activation is commonly observed in many human cancer cells. Survivin expression is elevated in cancer cells, and induced by some growth factors through PI3K activation. However, it is not clear whether PI3K activation is sufficient to induce survivin expression. To investigate the role of PI3K pathway in the regulation of survivin, we expressed an active form of PI3K, v-P3k in chicken embryonic fibroblast cells (CEF), and found that overexpression of PI3K-induced survivin mRNA expression. Forced expression of wild-type but not mutant tumor suppressor PTEN in CEF decreased survivin mRNA levels. PI3K regulates survivin expression through Akt activation. To further investigate downstream target of PI3K and Akt in regulating the expression of survivin mRNA, we found that PI3K and Akt-induced p70S6K1 activation and that overexpression of p70S6K1 alone was sufficient to induce survivin expression. The treatment of CEF cells by rapamycin decreased the survivin mRNA expression. This result demonstrated that p70S6K1 is an important target downstream of PI3K and Akt in regulating suvivin mRNA expression. The knockdown of survivin mRNA expression by its specific siRNA induced apoptosis of cancer cells when the cells were treated with LY294002 or taxol. Taken together, these results demonstrated that PI3K/Akt/p70S6K1 pathway is essential for regulating survivin mRNA expression. 相似文献
253.
Wang Qiao Jin Hongfang Du Junbao 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2010,396(2):182-3449
Atherosclerosis is a chronic, complex, and progressive pathological process in large and medium sized arteries. The exact mechanism of this process remains unclear. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a novel gasotransmitter, was confirmed as playing a major role in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases. It plays a role in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and apoptosis, participates in the progress of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY), inhibits atherogenic modification of LDL, interferes with vascular calcification, intervenes with platelet function, and there are interactions between H2S and inflammatory processes. The role of H2S in atherosclerotic pathogenesis highlights the mysteries of atherosclerosis and inspires the search for innovative therapeutic strategies. Here, we review the studies to date that have considered the role of H2S in atherosclerosis. 相似文献
254.
目的:探讨Neuritin对大鼠脊髓损伤后神经元突起再生的作用.方法:分为Neuritin组,His组和假手术组.使用改良Allen's打击法打击Neuritin组和His组大鼠T10或T11节段脊髓.Neuritin组和His组经蛛网膜下腔置管局部连续给予Neuritin和His蛋白(6ug/d)一周.假手术组仅咬除椎板不损伤脊髓,经蛛网膜下腔置空管而部损伤脊髓.术后6h、3d、7d、14d、28d、56d分别观察:①运动功能评分(BBB评分)观察大鼠后肢运动功能恢复情况;②HE染色观察脊髓组织形态学变化;③免疫组织化学染色和Western blotting检测损伤段脊髓神经中丝蛋白(NF200)的修复与再生.结果:①BBB评分,Neuritin组和His组在一周内没有明显差别,但Neuritin组和His组的评分均低于假手术组,从术后第14d,实验组评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05);②HE染色可见损伤段脊髓出血、坏死及炎性细胞浸润;③免疫组化检测,Neuritin组的NF200平均光密度值(IOD/AREA)较His组明显增高(P<0.05);Western blotting检测的NF200灰度值(GMD)较His组明显增高(P<0.05),结论:持续外源性Neuritin能促进大鼠脊髓损伤后伤区神经元突起的再生,并能促进大鼠后肢运动功能的康复. 相似文献
255.
小桐子愈伤组织的诱导 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文以小桐子的叶片、叶柄、茎段及下胚轴和子叶作为外植体,研究不同外植体类型对愈伤组织诱导的影响,结果表明叶柄的诱导率最高,其次为茎段的诱导率。同时以小桐子的下胚轴作为外植体,研究植物生长调节剂种类及浓度配比对愈伤组织诱导的影响,结果显示6-BA与2,4-D的组合更适宜小桐子愈伤组织的诱导,MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+2,4-D0.1mg/L为小桐子愈伤组织诱导的最佳培养基,其愈伤组织诱导率高达96.7%。本研究为小桐子愈伤组织的分化、植株再生及相关的遗传转化研究提供了参考。 相似文献
256.
Hong Yu Jialiang Huang Nan Qiao Christopher D Green Jing-Dong J Han 《BMC systems biology》2010,4(1):97
Background
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have found hundreds of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with common diseases. However, it is largely unknown what genes linked with the SNPs actually implicate disease causality. A definitive proof for disease causality can be demonstration of disease-like phenotypes through genetic perturbation of the genes or alleles, which is obviously a daunting task for complex diseases where only mammalian models can be used. 相似文献257.
Lu Y Prudent M Qiao L Mendez MA Girault HH 《Metallomics : integrated biometal science》2010,2(7):474-479
Copper-β-amyloid 16 (Aβ16) complexes were investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Copper(i) and (ii) complexes were formed on-line in a microchip electrospray emitter by using a sacrificial copper electrode as the anode in positive ionization mode. In the presence of ascorbic acid in the peptide solution, the amount of Cu(i)-Aβ16 generated electrochemically was even higher. A kinetic model is proposed to account for the generation of copper complexes. The structure of Cu(i)-Aβ16 was investigated by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), and the binding site of Cu(i) to Aβ16 was identified at the His13, His14 residues. Cu(ii)-Aβ16 was also investigated by MS/MS and, based on the unusual observations of a-ions, the two binding residues of His13 and His14 of Aβ16 to Cu(ii) were also confirmed. This approach provides direct information on Cu(i)-Aβ16 complexes generated in solution from metallic copper and gives evidence that both His13 and His14 are involved in the coordination of both Cu(i)- and Cu(ii)-Aβ16 complexes. 相似文献
258.
Xinxian Qiao Liyong Zhang Armin M Gamper Takeo Fujita Yong Wan 《Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)》2010,9(19):3904-3912
Anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is a multifunctional ubiquitin-protein ligase that targets various substrates for proteolysis inside and outside of the cell cycle. The activation of APC/C is dependent on two WD-40 domain proteins, Cdc20 and Cdh1. While APC/Cdc20 principally regulates mitotic progression, APC/Cdh1 shows a broad spectrum of substrates in and beyond cell cycle. In the past several years, numerous biochemical and mouse genetic studies have greatly attracted our attention to the emerging role of APC/Cdh1 in genomic integrity, cellular differentiation and human diseases. This review will aim to summarize the recently expanded understanding of APC/Cdh1 in regulating biological function and how its dysfunction may lead to diseases.Key words: APC/C, Cdh1, proteolysis, genomic integrity, signal transduction, differentiation, tumorigenesis 相似文献
259.
末端限制性片段长度多态性技术分析硝化细菌微生物多样性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用T_RFLP(末端限制性片段长度多态性)技术,分析硝化细菌富集反应器中的微生物群落结构,并对硝化细菌的丰度进行半定量研究。结果表明,培养48h后,硝化细菌富集效果最佳,多样性指数与初始培养相比下降了62.80%,富集出的硝化细菌主要为亚硝酸盐氧化菌(Nitrobacter)。同时对投加该硝化细菌前后的对虾养殖水体进行微生物多样性的动态研究,并推测了虾塘水中可能稳定存在的几种主要细菌种类,其中投加富集硝化细菌前后均存在的细菌种类包括短芽孢杆菌Brevibacillus brevis、微杆菌Microbacterium lactium、固氮弧菌Azoarcus indigens或者霍氏鲍特菌Bordetella holmesii。 相似文献
260.
为研究鼻咽癌相关新基因NPCEDRG的功能,探讨其对鼻咽癌细胞生长特性的影响,利用Tet-on调控系统,建立受强力霉素(deoxycycline,Dox)诱导NPCEDRG基因表达的CNE2细胞系.运用RT-PCR选择背景表达低、诱导活性高的细胞克隆,以不同浓度Dox诱导CNE2/Tet/TRE-NPCEDRG细胞,确定Dox的最佳诱导浓度.借助形态学观察、细胞生长曲线、软琼脂克隆形成试验和流式细胞仪分析等方法,对Dox诱导NPCEDRG高表达后CNE2细胞的生物学行为进行了检测.结果显示,NPCEDRG高表达后CNE2细胞增殖速度显著减慢(P<0.05),克隆形成能力显著降低(P<0.01),瘤细胞群体中处于G0/G1期细胞数增加,S期细胞数减少,细胞阻滞于G0/G1期.Tet调控NPCEDRG基因表达CNE2细胞系成功建立,恢复NPCEDRG表达能部分逆转CNE2的恶性表型,证明NPCEDRG是一个鼻咽癌相关的抑瘤基因. 相似文献