联合检测血清NGAL、KIM-1和SCr可有效提高慢性肾病分期诊断

为了探讨中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, NGAL)和肾损伤分子-1 (kidney injury molecule-1, KIM-1)以及血肌酐(serum creatinine, SCr)联合检测对慢性肾病(chronic kidney disease, CKD)的早期诊断价值,本研究收集260例肾病患者和85例健康体检者,检测其血清NGAL、KIM-1和SCr水平。依据肾功能分级标准,CKD患者分为CKD 1期(53例),CKD 2期(68例),CKD 3期(71例),CKD 4期(46例)和CKD 5期(22例),并分析以上指标在各组间的含量差异,及其联合测定对CKD早期的敏感性。与健康对照组相比较,CKD 1期、CKD 2期、3期、4期和5期患者的NGAL、KIM-1水平均明显升高(p<0.001)。血清SCr含量在CKD 3期、4期和5期组较健康对照组显著增加(p<0.001)。以上3项指标均随着CKD严重程度增加而升高。各组指标阳性率分析显示,3项联合检测阳性率高于单项检测阳性率。ROC曲线分析NGAL、KIM-1、SCr对CKD诊断的AUC值F分别是为0.824、0.805、0.856。相关性分析结果显示,GFR和NGAL、KIM-1、SCr相关系数分别是r=-0.784、-0.756、-0.728 (p<0.05)。NGAL与KIM-1、SCr的相关系数分别是r=0.932、0.764 (p<0.05);KIM-1与SCr的相关系数r分别是0.791 (p<0.05)。本研究初步得出结论:血清NGAL、Kim-1可作为CKD早期诊断的重要指标,联合检测血清NGAL、Kim-1、SCr可有效提高CKD早期肾损伤诊断的敏感度,对CKD的分期诊断和治疗具有极其重要的临床价值。     

温度和紫外照射对紫苏FAD7基因表达的影响

植物ω-3脂肪酸脱氢酶(ω-3FAD)基因是催化亚油酸转化为α-亚麻酸(ALA)的关键酶基因,通过调节该基因的表达,可以提高植物ALA的含量。为了研究温度和紫外照射对紫苏PfFAD7的影响,通过RTPCR方法分析了紫苏地上组织的特异性表达和温度、紫外胁迫下紫苏叶片和茎中PfFAD7基因的积累情况。分析表明,PfFAD7基因在紫苏全植株中均有表达,但在叶片中表达量最高,温度和紫外照射均影响PfFAD7基因的表达,低温可诱导PfFAD7基因的表达,而高温则抑制PfFAD7基因的表达;UV-B照射下,PfFAD7基因在叶片和茎中表达量均表现为先升高再降低。本试验对于紫苏ω-3脂肪酸脱氢酶的研究有利于高水平ALA的积累,更有利于紫苏资源的开发和利用,同时对于进一步了解不饱和脂肪酸的积累和代谢过程以及关键基因PfFAD7在此过程中的功能提供了依据。     

赶黄草总黄酮树脂精制工艺与检测方法

本研究以总黄酮吸附量和解析率为检测指标,结合动态洗脱考察结果,考察11种树脂对赶黄草总黄酮的富集精制能力。优化树脂类型,选定了对总黄酮进行富集纯化较好的树脂HPD450;采用单因素及正交实验,确定最佳工艺条件:上样量10 mL,以6 mL/min的流速8 BV水、6 BV 80%甲醇溶液洗脱,pH值为6~7。以此方法得到90%以上的赶黄草总黄酮,实验结果良好,总黄酮精制工艺成效显著。用HPLC法精确测定赶黄草中槲皮苷、PGHG和ThA三个指标性黄酮成分,最佳色谱条件为:C18色谱柱,检测波长280 nm,进样量5μL,流动相:乙腈-0.05%磷酸溶液(0~25 min:12%~45%乙腈;25~40 min:45%~70%乙腈)梯度洗脱;精确测定赶黄草全草中3种黄酮成分的含量。采用分光光度法检测,指导优化总黄酮精制工艺,并以HPLC法精确测定三种黄酮代表成分。比较两种方法测定结果相一致,互为补充;故在工业生产时,可以分光光度法指导生产,以HPLC法精确定量测定。     

三种车前草的黄酮提取、纯化及其抗氧化活性分析

本研究采用响应面设计优化超声辅助提取车前总黄酮的最佳条件,然后用此条件提取大车前和平车前总黄酮,并探究大孔树脂纯化对三种车前草总黄酮抗氧化活性的影响。结果表明,在超声温度60℃、乙醇浓度70%的条件下,车前总黄酮最佳提取工艺参数为液料比20:1 m L/g、超声时间80 min、超声功率210 W,车前、大车前和平车前的总黄酮得率分别为5.04%、2.86%和1.22%。无论是纯化前还是纯化后,大车前总黄酮的还原力和对羟基自由基的清除作用最强,平车前最弱;车前总黄酮对DPPH自由基的清除作用最大,平车前最弱。纯化前后的还原力和对DPPH自由基、羟基自由基的清除作用都接近Vc的水平。     

细菌漆酶的生物信息学分析

漆酶是一种含铜的多酚氧化酶。本研究利用生物信息学分析工具对细菌的漆酶蛋白序列的基本性质、保守结构域、系统发育树以及结构等进行了分析。所分析细菌主要分布在变形菌门、放线菌和厚壁菌门。细菌漆酶的物理化学性质相似,但不同细菌来源的漆酶之间序列相似性较低,但其仍然具有容易识别的保守结构域特征。二级结构及三级结构具有明显的相似性。细菌漆酶的生物信息分析为其功能研究及在其他微生物中研究该类酶提供了基础。     

药物注射联合针刀治疗肩周炎临床疗效及安全性分析

为探讨针刀联合曲安奈德、正清风痛宁、利多卡因治疗肩周炎的临床疗效及安全性分析,本研究选取2016年1月至2017年12月来东南大学附属中大医院疼痛科就诊肩周炎患者120例,随机数字表法分为药物治疗组40例(曲安奈德+正清风痛宁+利多卡因+臭氧治疗),针刀治疗组40例,综合治疗组40例(曲安奈德+正清风痛宁+利多卡因+臭氧+针刀治疗),对比分析各组治疗前后肩关节功能评分、视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue score, VAS)评分、不良反应发生率。结果显示,组内比较,3组治疗后VAS和肩关节功能评分与治疗前比较,差异具有统计学意义(p<0.001)。组间比较,治疗前3组VAS和肩关节功能评分比较,差异不具有统计学意义;综合治疗组各时间点VAS评分均低于药物及针刀治疗组,综合治疗组肩关节功能评分在治疗后1个月和2个月高于药物及针刀治疗组,差异具有统计学意义(p<0.001)。3组的不良反应发生率,差异不具有统计学意义(p>0.05)。综上所述,针刀治疗联合曲安奈德、正清风痛宁、利多卡因及臭氧在关节腔及关节周围注射治疗肩周炎安全有效,值得在临床中推广应用。     

Now is the time to test early urinary biomarkers in large-scale human samples

<正>Although blood is the most common source for biomarkers,urine has not been completely ignored. There have been some urinary biomarker studies with clinical samples.However, most—if not all—biomarker researchers lack confidence in urine as a good biomarker source. Many researchers think that good results from urine are a statistical accident. To demonstrate the validity of urinary biomarkers,large-scale studies are needed. Until such convincing evidence exists, what funding agent could support research in this field?     

长非编码RNA-UCA1影响红细胞增殖

造血是一个高度协调、精密调控的过程。在正常造血分化过程中, lncRNA不仅调控造血干/祖细胞自我更新、分化、凋亡等过程,还决定造血谱系分化命运。关于lncRNA在人的不同造血谱系分化中的功能以及作用机制的研究已比较深入,但其在红系分化过程中的功能和机制的研究很少,仍处于建立差异基因表达谱的阶段。现有的研究表明, lncRNA-UCA 1(urothelial cancer associated 1)作为原癌基因与多种癌症的发生、发展、转移、产生化疗耐药性等密切相关。该研究发现,在体外诱导脐带血来源的CD34+干/祖细胞向红细胞分化的过程中,采用慢病毒感染的方法敲降UCA 1的表达抑制了红细胞的增殖及活力,对RNA-seq数据进一步分析发现,降低UCA 1的表达会影响与细胞周期相关基因的表达。     

miR‐200c suppresses stemness and increases cellular sensitivity to trastuzumab in HER2+ breast cancer

Resistance to trastuzumab remains a major obstacle in HER2‐overexpressing breast cancer treatment. miR‐200c is important for many functions in cancer stem cells (CSCs), including tumour recurrence, metastasis and resistance. We hypothesized that miR‐200c contributes to trastuzumab resistance and stemness maintenance in HER2‐overexpressing breast cancer. In this study, we used HER2‐positive SKBR3, HER2‐negative MCF‐7, and their CD44⁺CD24^? phenotype mammospheres SKBR3‐S and MCF‐7‐S to verify. Our results demonstrated that miR‐200c was weakly expressed in breast cancer cell lines and cell line stem cells. Overexpression of miR‐200c resulted in a significant reduction in the number of tumour spheres formed and the population of CD44⁺CD24^? phenotype mammospheres in SKBR3‐S. Combining miR‐200c with trastuzumab can significantly reduce proliferation and increase apoptosis of SKBR3 and SKBR3‐S. Overexpression of miR‐200c also eliminated its downstream target genes. These genes were highly expressed and positively related in breast cancer patients. Overexpression of miR‐200c also improved the malignant progression of SKBR3‐S and SKBR3 in vivo. miR‐200c plays an important role in the maintenance of the CSC‐like phenotype and increases drug sensitivity to trastuzumab in HER2+ cells and stem cells.     

Enzymatic activity of palmitoyl‐protein thioesterase‐1 in serum from schizophrenia significantly associates with schizophrenia diagnosis scales

Genome‐wide association studies have confirmed that schizophrenia is an inheritable multiple‐gene mental disorder. Longitudinal studies about depression, first episode psychosis (FEP) and acute psychotic relapse have mostly searched for brain imaging biomarkers and inflammatory markers from the blood. However, to the best of our knowledge, the association between enzymatic activities with diagnosis or prediction of treatment response in people with schizophrenia has barely been validated. Under the Longitudinal Study of National Mental Health Work Plan (2015‐2020), we have studied a subsample of approximately 36 individuals from the cohort with data on palmitoyl‐protein thioesterase‐1 enzymatic activity from FEP and performed a bivariate correlation analysis with psychiatric assessment scores. After adjusting for sex, age, body mass index (BMI) and total serum protein, our data demonstrated that PPT1 enzymatic activity is significantly associated with schizophrenia and its Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores. This longitudinal study compared the PPT1 enzymatic activity in FEP schizophrenia patients and healthy volunteers, and the former exhibited a significant 1.5‐fold increase in PPT1 enzymatic levels (1.79 mmol/L/h/mL, and 1.18 mmol/L/h/mL; P < 0.05; 95% CI, 2.3‐2.9 and 1.4‐1.8). The higher PPT1 enzymatic levels in FEP schizophrenia patients were positively associated with larger PANSS scaling scores (r = 0.32, P = 0.0079 for positive scaling; r = 0.41, P = 0.0006 for negative scaling; r = 0.45, P = 0.0001 for general scaling; and r = 0.34, P = 0.0048 for PNASS‐S scaling). Higher enzymatic PPT1 in FEP schizophrenia patients is significantly associated with increased PANSS scaling values, indicating more serious rates of developing psychosis. Enzymatic activity of PPT1 may provide an important new view for schizophrenia disorders.