正丁酸钠对人胃腺癌细胞染色体数目和DNA含量的影响

培养的人胃腺癌MGc 80-3细胞经过正丁酸钠处理7天后,生长抑制率达50.7%,约有90%的细胞形态发生分化,其超微结构亦有显著改变。而且,在染色体数目上,超二倍体细胞由对照组的78%增加到实验组的96%,超三倍体和超四倍体细胞则分别从6%和14%下降至2%。同时应用~3H-TdR放射自显影和福尔根细胞光度法测定未标记细胞(G_1期)DNA含量,结果显示实验组比对照组降低了。而且在实验组的同一制片中,未分化细胞DNA含量平均为超六倍体值(DI=3.67和3.56),其中90%的细胞超过6C;分化细胞DNA含量则平均为近四倍体值(DI=2.03和1.99),其中近60%的细胞少于4C。两者差异统计显著,表明形态分化的人胃腺癌细胞的遗传物质含量明显减少,但这些细胞并非就是正常二倍体细胞。     

Crystal structure of plakalbumin, a proteolytically nicked form of ovalbumin. Its relationship to the structure of cleaved alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor

The crystal structure of plakalbumin, a proteolytically nicked form of ovalbumin, has been determined to a resolution of 2.8 A by the isomorphous replacement method and preliminary refinement. The structure closely resembles that of the cleaved form of alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor, with some important exceptions. The disposition of the new carboxyl chain terminus liberated by proteolysis is different with respect to the central beta-sheet A in the structures of these two molecules. In alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor, the new chain terminus inserts in beta-sheet A to add a middle strand to the sheet. In plakalbumin, this strand remains free near the site at which the cleavage occurs. A structural basis for this difference in behavior is proposed from the structures and sequences of these two molecules and other members of the serpin family. The structures and positions of the putative signal peptide of ovalbumin, the several post-translational modifications, and the relationship of the intron-exon patterns of plakalbumin and alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor to their protein structures are also described.     

甘蔗幼叶切段培养中的体细胞胚胎发生

本文从形态学和组织学方面研究了甘蔗幼叶胚性愈伤组织发生及体细胞胚胎的形成过程。甘蔗幼叶片切段培养于含2.4—D1.5mg/1的MS培养基上,4—6天后切段开始形成愈伤组织,约10天后愈伤组织表面出现白色颗粒状结构。将含有白色颗粒状结构的愈伤组织转移至不含激素的培养基中,7—10天后可见有小植株长出。组织学和形态学观察表明,甘蔗离体再生植株是通过体细胞胚胎发生途径。     

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor regulates phosphatidylcholine phospholipase D in canine brain

The hydrolytic activity of phosphatidylcholine phospholipase D in the synaptosomes from canine brain was examined using a radiochemical assay with 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphoryl[3H]choline as the exogenous substrate. The involvement of G protein(s) in regulation of this enzyme was demonstrated by a 2- to 3-fold stimulation of the basal activity (4.81 +/- 0.44 nmol choline released/mg protein/h) with guanosine 5'-(3-O-thiol)triphosphate (GTP gamma S), guanyl-5'-yl-(beta, gamma-methylene)diphosphonate, aluminum fluoride, or cholera toxin. The stimulation of phospholipase D hydrolytic activity by GTP gamma S was inhibited by 2 mM guanosine 5'-(2-O-thiol)diphosphate. GTP gamma S at the maximum stimulatory concentration (10 microM) had an additive effect on the maximum cholera toxin stimulation of phospholipase D activity. However, the reverse was not true, thus indicating the possibility that more than one G protein may be involved. Furthermore, cholinergic agonists, including acetylcholine, carbachol, and muscarine, were able to increase the phospholipase D hydrolytic activity at low but not maximally stimulatory concentrations of guanine nucleotide. These cholinergic stimulations were antagonized by atropine, a muscarinic blocker. In addition, O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, a protein kinase C activator, was able to stimulate the hydrolytic activity of phospholipase D more than 300% in the presence of 0.2 microM GTP gamma S. However, in the absence of GTP gamma S, stimulation was less than 60%. Our results not only indicate that the receptor-G protein-regulated phospholipase D may be directly responsible for the rapid accumulation of choline and phosphatidic acid in the central nervous system but also reveal that muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-G protein-regulated phospholipase D is a novel signal transduction process coupling the neuronal muscarinic receptor to cellular responses.     

Synthesis and biologic activities of 11 beta-substituted estradiol as potential antiestrogens

The effect of attachment of a dimethylaminoethoxy or a dimethylaminopropoxy group at the 11 beta-position of estradiol (E2) on its relative binding affinity (RBA) to estrogen receptor (ER) and intrinsic biologic activity is described. The binding of 11 beta-[2-(N,N-dimethylamino) ethoxy]estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17 beta-diol (4) and 11 beta-[3-(N,N- dimethylamino)propoxy]estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17 beta-diol (5) to the ER from immature rat uterine tissue was measured relative to that of [3H]E2 by a competitive binding assay. It was found that the 11 beta-substituted E2 analogs have considerably lower RBA to ER than the corresponding parent compound. The intrinsic activity of compounds 4 and 5 were studied in terms of uterotrophic and antiuterotrophic activity. It was found that the uterotrophic activity of these compounds was drastically reduced compared with E2. However, no antiuterotrophic activity was observed in these compounds at dosages ranging from 1 to 100 micrograms/rat/d.     

西北产6种药用柴胡营养器官的比较解剖学研究

柴胡是伞形科柴胡属植物,据报道,全世界有150种左右,主要分布在北半球及亚热带地区,初步统计我国有30余种。据我们在西北五省调查,药用种类有21种之多,药用主流种类有柴胡Bupleurum chinesis DC.、狭叶柴胡B. scorzonerifolium Willd.、银州柴胡B. yinchowense Shan et Y. Li、小叶黑柴胡B. smithii Wolff. var. parvi-