抗栓剂与葡萄糖经紫外线氧透照治疗缺血性脑血管病探讨〔附70例分组疗效对比分析〕

本研究以清栓酶、川芎嗪为抗栓剂加入葡萄糖中,经紫外线氧透照仪照射后输入静脉,治疗缺血性脑血管病,并与单用抗栓剂组作对照,进行疗效对比,结果发现抗栓剂加紫外线氧透照组的显效率显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。说明经紫外线氧透照后的葡萄糖作为载体,有分解出氧原子以提高血氧含量改善脑组织的缺氧状态,并有激活清栓酶和川芎嗪的效应。     

茶叶中总硒含量及其影响因素的研究

茶叶中硒素总量测定结果表明：土壤含硒量的高低是直接影响茶叶中硒的总量。茶树根、茎、叶、果中均有硒元素,叶片是茶硒积累的主要器官,尤其是老叶,其含量是嫩叶的几倍．茶树品种间含量的差异显著,最大差异达10倍以上．毛茶加工的成品茶含硒量受加工技术措施影响较大,其不同等级的含硒量与级别没有线性关系．     

黄桃罐头产品质量Fuzzy综合鉴评

本文根据FuzzZ数学理论,运用多级模型的综合评判法,对国内20种黄桃罐头产品质量进行了优劣鉴评。并将其划分为一、二、三、四4个等级。从而为罐头产品质量鉴评,准确地汰劣遴优提供新方法。     

物种保护信息管理系统的开发应用

在英文物种、生境和保护区管理系（MASS 3．1）的基础上,研究并改编完成了其中文系统软件包（CMASS 2．0）,并用此中文系统软件包建立了中国自然保护区信息库、中国保护动物信息库、中国濒危动物信息库、中国兽类信息库、中国鸟类信息库,这些库的建立对我国野生动物保护具有重要意义。     

Mutations in acid beta-galactosidase cause GM1-gangliosidosis in American patients.

We describe four new mutations in the beta-galactosidase gene. These are the first mutations causing infantile and juvenile GM1-gangliosidosis to be described in American patients. Cell lines from two patients with juvenile and from six patients with infantile GM1-gangliosidosis were analyzed. Northern blot analysis showed the acid beta-galactosidase message to be of normal size and quantity in two juvenile and four infantile cases and of normal size but reduced quantity in two infantile cases. The mutations are distinct from the Japanese mutations. All are point mutations leading to amino acid substitutions: Lys577-->Arg, Arg590-->His, and Glu632-->Gly. The fourth mutation, Arg208-->Cys, accounts for 10 of 16 possible alleles. Two infantile cases from Puerto Rico of Spanish ancestry are homozygous for this mutation, suggesting that this allele may have come to South America and North America via Puerto Rico. That these mutations cause clinical disease was confirmed by marked reduction in catalytic activity of the mutant proteins in the Cos-1 cell expression system.     

Seasonal Variations in Rubber Biosynthesis, 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase,and Rubber Transferase Activities in Parthenium argentatum in the Chihuahuan Desert

The rubber content and the activities of enzymes in the polyisoprenoid pathway in Parthenium argentatum (guayule) were examined throughout the growing season in field plots in the Chihuahuan Desert. The rubber content of the plants was low in July and August and slowly increased until October. From October to December there was a rapid increase in rubber formation (per plant) from 589.0 mg to 4438.0 mg. The percentage of rubber in the plants increased from 0.7% (mg/g dry weight) in August and 1.27% in October to 5.5% in December. The rapid increase in rubber formation may result from exposing the plants to low temperatures of 5 to 7[deg]C. The activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) was 21.1 nmol mevalonic acid (MVA) h-1 g-1 fresh weight in the bark of the lower stems in June during seedling growth and decreased to 5.1 nmol MVA h-1g-1 fresh weight in July and 2.9 nmol MVA h-1 g-1 fresh weight in September. From October to December, the activity increased from 5.0 to 29.9 nmol MVA h-1 g-1 fresh weight. The activity of rubber transferase was 65.5 nmol isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) h-1 g-1fresh weight in the bark in September and increased to 357.5 nmol IPP h-1 g-1 fresh weight in December. The rapid increase in the activities of HMGR and rubber transferase coincided with the rapid increase in rubber formation. The activities of MVA kinase and IPP isomerase did not significantly increase in the fall and winter. A tomato HMGR-1 cDNA probe containing a highly conserved C-terminal region of HMGR genes hybridized at low stringency with several bands on blots of HindIII-digested genomic DNA from guayule. In northern blots with the HMGR-1 cDNA probe at low stringency, HMGR mRNA was high in June and November, corresponding to periods of high HMGR activity during seedling growth and rapid increase in rubber formation. The seasonal variations in rubber formation and HMGR mRNA, HMGR activity, and rubber transferase activity may be due to low temperature stimulation in the fall and winter months.     

湖羊瘤胃微生物GH9家族葡聚糖酶基因IDSGLUC9-25的表达与功能表征

【目的】葡聚糖酶是饲用添加剂的重要成分,本研究旨在从湖羊消化道微生物中挖掘性质优良的GH9家族葡聚糖酶基因,用于研发新型饲用酶制剂。【方法】从湖羊瘤胃微生物cDNA中扩增IDSGLUC9-25基因,在大肠杆菌中进行异源表达,对重组蛋白进行诱导表达和纯化,研究重组蛋白的酶学性质和底物水解模式。【结果】IDSGLUC9-25基因编码527个氨基酸,包含一个CelD_N结构和一个GH9家族催化结构域;重组蛋白rIDSGLUC9-25分子量约为62.7 kDa,最适反应温度和pH分别为40℃和6.0,在30-50℃下活性较高,在pH 4.0-8.0范围内能够保持较高的稳定性,经pH 4.0-8.0缓冲液处理1 h后残余活性均大于90%;底物谱分析表明,rIDSGLUC9-25能催化大麦β-葡聚糖、苔藓地衣多糖、魔芋胶和木葡聚糖,比活性分别为(443.55±24.48)、(65.56±5.98)、(122.37±2.85)和(159.16±7.73) U/mg;利用薄层色谱法(thin layer chromatography, TLC)和高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC)分析水解产物发现,rIDSGLUC9-25降解大麦葡聚糖主要生成纤维三糖(占总还原糖64.19%±1.19%)和纤维四糖(占总还原糖26.24%±0.12%),催化地衣多糖主要生成纤维三糖(占总还原糖78.46%±0.89%)。【结论】本研究报道了一种来自密螺旋体属细菌的内切β-1,4-葡聚糖酶IDSGLUC9-25 (EC 3.2.1.4),能高效催化多糖底物生成纤维三糖和纤维四糖,为研发饲用酶制剂和制备低聚寡糖建立基础。     

Ecological and methodological drivers of non-stationarity in tree growth response to climate

Radial tree growth is sensitive to environmental conditions, making observed growth increments an important indicator of climate change effects on forest growth. However, unprecedented climate variability could lead to non-stationarity, that is, a decoupling of tree growth responses from climate over time, potentially inducing biases in climate reconstructions and forest growth projections. Little is known about whether and to what extent environmental conditions, species, and model type and resolution affect the occurrence and magnitude of non-stationarity. To systematically assess potential drivers of non-stationarity, we compiled tree-ring width chronologies of two conifer species, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris, distributed across cold, dry, and mixed climates. We analyzed 147 sites across the Europe including the distribution margins of these species as well as moderate sites. We calibrated four numerical models (linear vs. non-linear, daily vs. monthly resolution) to simulate growth chronologies based on temperature and soil moisture data. Climate–growth models were tested in independent verification periods to quantify their non-stationarity, which was assessed based on bootstrapped transfer function stability tests. The degree of non-stationarity varied between species, site climatic conditions, and models. Chronologies of P. sylvestris showed stronger non-stationarity compared with Picea abies stands with a high degree of stationarity. Sites with mixed climatic signals were most affected by non-stationarity compared with sites sampled at cold and dry species distribution margins. Moreover, linear models with daily resolution exhibited greater non-stationarity compared with monthly-resolved non-linear models. We conclude that non-stationarity in climate–growth responses is a multifactorial phenomenon driven by the interaction of site climatic conditions, tree species, and methodological features of the modeling approach. Given the existence of multiple drivers and the frequent occurrence of non-stationarity, we recommend that temporal non-stationarity rather than stationarity should be considered as the baseline model of climate–growth response for temperate forests.