基于生态效率理论和TOPSIS法的工业园区循环经济发展评价

工业园区层面的生态效率评价是生态效率研究领域有待深入探索的课题。TOPSIS方法则可能是适用于生态效率评价的一种方法,它以空间统计学为基础,借助于多目标决策问题的理想解和负理想解来进行排序,能够客观地比较和评价不同样本点综合指标的优劣。本文根据生态效率和循环经济理论,结合《综合类生态工业园区标准（试行）》,建立工业园区循环经济评价指标体系,运用TOPSIS方法对苏州高新区、苏州工业园区生态工业园和无锡新区生态工业示范园区的生态效率进行综合评价,结果表明：三者的生态效率综合排名由高到低依次为：无锡新区生态工业示范园区> 苏州工业园区生态工业园> 苏州高新区,且3园区在经济发展、资源能源利用率、物质循环利用、环境污染控制等子系统有所优劣。并针对各园区的各自存在的不足提出了相应的改进和发展建议。     

温度和时间对肌红蛋白血红素铁与金属离子相互作用的影响

目的:研究在生理条件下,温度和时间对肌红蛋白血红素铁与各种金属离子直接相互作用的影响。方法:利用紫外-可见光谱法研究肌红蛋白活性中心的铁和外加金属离子(CuSO4、ZnSO4、MgSO4、CoCl2和MnSO4)的直接相互作用;改变作用温度(4、21、37和52℃)和作用时间(2、4、6、8和10 d),研究肌红蛋白活性中心铁卟啉与不同金属离子的直接相互作用。结果与结论:紫外光谱数据表明,金属离子与肌红蛋白活性中心的Fe(Ⅱ)发生直接相互作用,且随着作用温度的升高和作用时间的延长,这种相互作用逐渐增强。作用10 d后,金属离子与肌红蛋白活性中心的铁的作用强度依次为Mn(Ⅱ)>Zn(Ⅱ)>Co(Ⅱ);温度升至52℃时,作用强度依次为Cu(Ⅱ)>Mg(Ⅱ)>Zn(Ⅱ)。     

Autotoxic potential of cucurbit crops

Soil sickness is often observed in cucurbit crops such as Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis melo and Cucumis sativus, but not in cucurbit crops such as Cucurbita moschata, Lagenaria leucantha and Luffa cylindrica. Results showed that root aqueous extracts of Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis melo and Cucumis sativus were autotoxic, but those of Cucurbita moschata, Momordica charantia and Luffa cylindrica were less autotoxic to the radicle elongation of respective species. Plant growth of Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis melo and Cucumis sativus were greatly inhibited by autotoxic substances released from powered root tissue at a rate of 1 g per seedling. Root exudates of Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis melo and Cucumis sativus were autotoxic to radicle elongation and seedling growth of respective species. However, root exudates of Citrullus lanatus did not inhibit radicle elongation of Cucurbita ficifolia, which is commonly used as rootstock for the grafting of Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis melo and Cucumis sativus to decrease soil-borne diseases in commercial production. It seems possible to overcome autotoxicity in cucurbit crops by grafting on Cucurbita ficifolia. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

新生牛肝中三种低分子化合物牛磺酸、鸟氨酸、肌肽对HL-60细胞凋亡的诱导作用

目的:研究三种新生牛肝源低分子化合物:牛磺酸、鸟氨酸、肌肽对HL-60白血病细胞增殖的抑制作用并探讨其调控机理.方法:用MTT法分别检测三种活性成分作用后HL-60细胞和正常人淋巴细胞的存活率.分别用琼脂糖凝胶电泳,顺磁共振ESR技术,免疫组化法测定其对HL-60细胞的核DNA、氧自由基活性和细胞周期蛋白水平的影响.结果:三种化合物能够有效地抑制HL-60细胞的增殖,而对正常的人淋巴细胞的生长没有抑制作用;三种化合物使HL-60细胞的核DNA产生30 kb片段,使HL-60细胞内的氧自由基活性降至痕量水平,并下调HL-60的p45/skp2的水平,而上调p27/kip的水平.结论:牛磺酸、鸟氨酸、肌肽能够通过调控细胞周期蛋白的水平而选择性的抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖.     

ITE and TCDD Differentially Regulate the Vascular Remodeling of Rat Placenta via the Activation of AhR

Vascular remodeling in the placenta is essential for normal fetal development. The previous studies have demonstrated that in utero exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, an environmental toxicant) induces the intrauterine fetal death in many species via the activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). In the current study, we compared the effects of 2-(1′H-indole-3′-carbonyl)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester (ITE) and TCDD on the vascular remodeling of rat placentas. Pregnant rats on gestational day (GD) 15 were randomly assigned into 5 groups, and were exposed to a single dose of 1.6 and 8.0 mg/kg body weight (bw) ITE, 1.6 and 8.0 µg/kg bw TCDD, or an equivalent volume of the vehicle, respectively. The dams were sacrificed on GD20 and the placental tissues were gathered. The intrauterine fetal death was observed only in 8.0 µg/kg bw TCDD-exposed group and no significant difference was seen in either the placental weight or the fetal weight among all these groups. The immunohistochemical and histological analyses revealed that as compared with the vehicle-control, TCDD, but not ITE, suppressed the placental vascular remodeling, including reduced the ratio of the placental labyrinth zone to the basal zone thickness (at least 0.71 fold of control), inhibited the maternal sinusoids dilation and thickened the trophoblastic septa. However, no marked difference was observed in the density of fetal capillaries in the labyrinth zone among these groups, although significant differences were detected in the expression of angiogenic growth factors between ITE and TCDD-exposed groups, especially Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), Endoglin, Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and placenta growth factor (PIGF). These results suggest ITE and TCDD differentially regulate the vascular remodeling of rat placentas, as well as the expression of angiogenic factors and their receptors, which in turn may alter the blood flow in the late gestation and partially resulted in intrauterine fetal death.     

Fluorescent labeling for clonal selection of Marc 145 cells secreting high levels of recombinant protein PBD-1

Despite the powerful impact gene expression markers like the green fluorescent protein (GFP) or enhanced GFP (EGFP) exert on linking the expression of recombinant protein for selection of high producers in recent years, there is still a strong incentive to develop more economical and efficient methods for isolating mammalian cell clones secreting high levels of recombinant proteins. Here we present a new method based on the co-expression of EGFP that allows clonal selection in standard 96-well cell culture plates. The genes encoding the EGFP protein and the related protein are linked by an internal ribosome entry site and thus are transcribed into the same mRNA in an independent translation process. Since both proteins arise from a common mRNA, the EGFP expression level correlates with the expression level of the therapeutic protein in each clone. By expressing recombinant porcine β-defensin 1 in Marc 145 cells, we demonstrate the robustness and performance of this technique. The method can be served as an alternative to identify high-producer clones with various cell sorting methods.     

Characterization of the transient species generated by the photoexcitation of C-phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis: a laser photolysis and pulse radiolysis study

Nanosecond laser flash photolysis and pulse radiolysis were used to generate and characterize the triplet state and cation radical of C-phycocyanin (C-PC) from Spirulina platensis. The transient absorption spectra of C-PC were measured from direct excitation and acetone sensitization in aqueous solution at room temperature by KrF (248 nm) laser flash photolysis. Laser-induced transient species have been characterized by the method of acetone sensitization and one-electron oxidation. In nitrous oxide-saturated phosphate buffer saline (pH = 7.0) of C-PC, the produced intermediates are assigned to the excited triplet state and the radical cation. Using acetone as photosensitizer, the C-PC excited triplet states produced via triplet-triplet energy transfer and the C-PC radical cation from electron transfer reaction were further confirmed. Furthermore, the corresponding kinetic parameters were determined. To our knowledge, the transient absorption spectra of C-PC have been reported for the first time.     

Sensitivity and specificity amplification in signal transduction

Intracellular signal transduction pathways transmit signals from the cell surface to various intracellular destinations, such as cytoskeleton and nucleus through a cascade of protein-protein interactions and activation events, leading to phenotypic changes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and death. Over the past two decades, numerous signaling proteins and signal transduction pathways have been discovered and characterized. There are two major classes of signaling proteins: phosphoproteins (e.g., mitogen-activated protein kinases) and guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases; e.g., Ras and G proteins). They both function as molecular switches by addition and removal of one or more high-energy phosphate groups. This review discusses developments that seek to quantify the signal transduction processes with kinetic analysis and mathematical modeling of the signaling phosphoproteins and GTPases. These studies have provided insights into the sensitivity and specificity amplification of biological signals in integrated systems.     

组织工程用纤维增强天然多糖水凝胶的进展

天然多糖水凝胶具有良好的生物相容性,然而其力学性能调节幅度小,无法满足组织工程应用巨大的需求。通过纤维增强法,不仅可显著提高天然多糖水凝胶的力学性能,还能调节复合水凝胶的降解性能、促进细胞粘附、增殖与分化行为及其组织沉积。常用的天然多糖组织工程水凝胶的纤维增强方法有物理共混法、化学作用法、静电驱动法与自组装法等。本文综述了纤维增强水凝胶的结构与功能特点,讨论了纤维增强对组织工程水凝胶的意义,以期对纤维增强组织工程水凝胶的发展起到促进作用。