奇异值分解在磁共振波谱成像中的应用

目的：磁共振波谱成像有7类快速方法,它们都来自快速MRI成像方法。本文提出的奇异值分解波谱成像不同这7类快速方法,它是把MRI中任意轨迹图像重建方法用于波谱成像,这将有利于设计出速度更快的波谱成像数据采集脉冲序列。     

降纤酶治疗心源性脑栓塞疗效观察

目的 探讨降纤酶治疗心源性脑栓塞的临床疗效和安全性。方法 对32例心源性脑栓塞病人给予降纤酶10u加0．9％氯化钠250ml中静滴,每天1次,10天为1疗程。用药期间监测血浆纤维蛋白原、血液粘度、凝血酶原时间、血小板聚集率及肝肾功能。结果 临床疗效显著,总有效率84．4％,在发病24h内给药部效率92．3％;血浆纤维蛋白原、血液粘度、血小板聚集率均明显降低（P＜0．05）。结论 降纤酶治疗心源性脑栓塞疗效确切,副作用小,安全可靠。早期、足量使用效果更佳。     

Optimization of conditions for the production of pullulan and high molecular weight pullulan by Aureobasidium pullulans

Aureobasidium pullulans had a maximum yield coefficient of pullulan (Y _p/s=0.24) with an initial pH of the culture broth of 6.5 in a shake-flask culture. In a batch culture, the maximum pullulan yield coefficient of 0.30 was obtained at the aeration rate of 0.5 vvm. A yeast-like form and mycelial form of cells were found at the culture broth with pH controlled at 4.5 with a maximum yield coefficient of pullulan of 0.27. However, a high portion (35%) of high molecular weight pullulan (M _w>2 000 000) was produced at pH 6.5 with a yeast-like morphology of the cells.     

具有抗氧化活性的酸性菟丝子多糖H2的研究

从药用植物菟丝子 (CuscutachinensisLam .)的种子中经碱液提取所得的粗多糖CHC ,经进一步分离纯化得一酸性纯多糖H2 ,其分子量大于 1.0× 10 6,利用化学方法和光谱分析方法对其结构进行了研究。多糖H2由 1,6_linked_β_DGalp、1,4_linked_β_DGalp、1,4_linked_β_DGalA和 1,2or 4_linked_β_L_Rhap构成主链 ,并在部分1,6_linked_β_DGalp残基的O_3位和 1,2or 4_linked_β_L_Rhap残基的O_4或O_2形成分枝点 ,以末端半乳糖构成末端。侧链由末端半乳糖 ,1,6_linked_β_DGalp、1,4_linked_β_DGalp和 1,3,6_linked_β_DGalp残基构成 ,连接于主链的1,6_linked_β_DGalp残基的O_3位。阿拉伯糖残基 1,5_linkedAra、1,3,5_linkedAra、末端Ara以及末端鼠李糖残基存在于多糖分子H2的外周 ,连接于侧链和主链的 1,6_linked_β_DGalp残基的O_3位。此外 ,药理研究结果显示 ,H2能减少自由基引起的对大鼠成嗜铬细胞瘤PC12神经细胞系的损伤 ,明显提高细胞的存活率     

PCR-ELISA检测HBV DNA的研究

目的:建立一种敏感、特异的乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA检测方法。方法:应用PCR扩增技术和核酸杂交技术结合酶促显色技术(即PCRELISA技术)来检测血清中的HBVDNA。结果:应用PCRELISA技术能够检出许多PCR琼脂糖凝胶电泳所检测不到的HBVDNA,大大地提高了检出率,而且,特异性强。结论:PCRELISA方法灵敏度高,特异性强,检测结果数据化,不受主观因素的影响 。     

中国不同地区庚型肝炎病毒5′非编码区基因异质性分析

为分析庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）５′非编码区（５′ＵＴＲ）基因的异质性,确定中国不同地区ＨＧＶ主要流行株的特点及其分布,本研究对来自江西、湖南、河南、河北、甘肃等地９株ＨＧＶ５′ＵＴＲ区进行基因扩增与序列测定。通过对５′ＵＴＲ区１５４个核苷酸区段的序列进行分析,并与文献报导的其它２５株（１６株中国ＨＧＶ、９株国外代表株）相应区段进行比较与系统树分析,结果表明：（１）中国不同地区ＨＧＶ５′ＵＴＲ区基因存在一定异质性,但不存在明显的地区分布差异;（２）对３４株ＨＧＶ５′ＵＴＲ区的系统树分析,可分为３组,存在明显的地理分布特征;（３）绝大多数（除１株外）中国ＨＧＶ分离株皆分在第三组,并可分为二个亚组。     

N-甲基-DL-天门冬氨酸对肥育猪血清游离氨基酸水平的影响

选用48头杜长大肥育猪,研究N-甲基-DL-天门冬氨酸(NMA)对猪血清游离氨基酸含量的影响。试验结果表明,添加50mg/kgNMA明显降低了血清游离氨基酸浓度,其中酪氨酸和异亮氨酸水平分别下降了19.53%(P<0.05)和28.90%(P<0.05)。     

基于BP神经网络的京津冀城市群可持续发展综合评价

在综合分析了京津冀城市群各城市功能定位的基础上,构建了包含经济发展、社会发展、科技创新和生态环境4个子系统的城市可持续发展评价指标体系,运用2006—2015年的数据,采用熵值法和BP神经网络对京津冀城市群可持续发展能力进行非线性测度与分类,结果较为理想。结果表明:(1)北京和天津处于高可持续发展水平,可持续发展能力在空间上呈现出以京、津为中心随距离递减的趋势,最南端的邯郸和邢台处于低可持续发展水平;(2)北京可持续发展能力呈现下滑趋势,其他城市可持续发展能力逐年稳步上升,大城市可持续发展压力较大;(3)城市在不同子系统中存在各自的优劣势。各个子系统在可持续发展中均起到重要作用,城市宜结合各自子系统的优、劣势制定具有针对性的发展对策。     

Evolutionary Conservation Genomics Reveals Recent Speciation and Local Adaptation in Threatened Takins

Incorrect species delimitation will lead to inappropriate conservation decisions, especially for threatened species. The takin (Budorcas taxicolor) is a large artiodactyl endemic to the Himalayan–Hengduan–Qinling Mountains and is well known for its threatened status and peculiar appearance. However, the speciation, intraspecies taxonomy, evolutionary history, and adaptive evolution of this species still remain unclear, which greatly hampers its scientific conservation. Here, we de novo assembled a high-quality chromosome-level genome of takin and resequenced the genomes of 75 wild takins. Phylogenomics revealed that takin was positioned at the root of Caprinae. Population genomics based on the autosome, X chromosome, and Y chromosome SNPs and mitochondrial genomes consistently revealed the existence of two phylogenetic species and recent speciation in takins: the Himalayan takin (B. taxicolor) and the Chinese takin (B. tibetana), with the support of morphological evidence. Two genetically divergent subspecies were identified in both takin species, rejecting three previously proposed taxonomical viewpoints. Furthermore, their distribution boundaries were determined, suggesting that large rivers play important roles in shaping the genetic partition. Compared with the other subspecies, the Qinling subspecies presented the lowest genomic diversity, higher linkage disequilibrium, inbreeding, and genetic load, thus is in urgent need of genetic management and protection. Moreover, coat color gene (PMEL) variation may be responsible for the adaptive coat color difference between the two species following Gloger’s rule. Our findings provide novel insights into the recent speciation, local adaptation, scientific conservation of takins, and biogeography of the Himalaya–Hengduan biodiversity hotspot.     

Determining the pharmacokinetics of psilocin in rat plasma using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array detector after orally administering an extract of Gymnopilus spectabilis

This study established ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array detector for determining psilocin and its pharmacokinetics in rat plasma after orally administering an extract of Gymnopilus spectabilis. The extract was separated on an ODS C18 column (2.3 μm, 100 mm × 2.1 mm I.D.) by gradient elution with (A) water containing 50mM AcONH(4) and (B) acetonitrile. The wavelength was set at 265 nm and the injection volume was 10 μL. Under these conditions, the calibration curve was linear over the concentration range 0.2-20 μg/mL with a correlation coefficient of r(2)=0.9992. The inter- and intraday precision levels were less than 7% and the accuracies (%) were within the range 92.0-102.5%. The method was sufficiently valid to be applied to a pharmacokinetics study of psilocin in rat plasma. The pharmacokinetic parameters of psilocin in rat plasma after the oral administration of a G. spectabilis extract were as follows: C(max), 0.43 ± 0.12 μg/mL; T(max), 90 ± 2.1 min; AUC(0→t), 1238.3 ± 96.4 (μg/mL) min; and T(1/2), 117.3 ± 40.3 min.