全文获取类型
收费全文 | 13639篇 |
免费 | 1283篇 |
国内免费 | 3439篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 76篇 |
2023年 | 302篇 |
2022年 | 566篇 |
2021年 | 845篇 |
2020年 | 670篇 |
2019年 | 798篇 |
2018年 | 619篇 |
2017年 | 500篇 |
2016年 | 649篇 |
2015年 | 874篇 |
2014年 | 1119篇 |
2013年 | 1096篇 |
2012年 | 1405篇 |
2011年 | 1230篇 |
2010年 | 828篇 |
2009年 | 774篇 |
2008年 | 919篇 |
2007年 | 727篇 |
2006年 | 695篇 |
2005年 | 604篇 |
2004年 | 531篇 |
2003年 | 422篇 |
2002年 | 389篇 |
2001年 | 319篇 |
2000年 | 272篇 |
1999年 | 206篇 |
1998年 | 136篇 |
1997年 | 107篇 |
1996年 | 89篇 |
1995年 | 99篇 |
1994年 | 69篇 |
1993年 | 59篇 |
1992年 | 65篇 |
1991年 | 48篇 |
1990年 | 43篇 |
1989年 | 49篇 |
1988年 | 32篇 |
1987年 | 32篇 |
1986年 | 21篇 |
1985年 | 24篇 |
1984年 | 16篇 |
1983年 | 19篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
1950年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 740 毫秒
961.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者外周血CD4+CD25+CD127(Low/-)调节性T细胞的检测及临床意义 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:研究CD4+CD25+CD127(Low/-)节性T细胞在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性发作期外周血中的比例改变及其临床意义.方法:以25例COPD急性发作期患者外周血为研究组,20名正常人外周血作为对照组,采用三色直接荧光素标记法和多参数流式细胞仪检测外周血CD4+CD25+CD127(Low/-)调节性T细胞的比例,同时检测外周血C-反应蛋白(CRP)、血沉(ESR)、免疫球蛋白(Ig)等水平.结果:COPD急性发作期患者外周血CD4+CD25+CD127(Low/-)调节性T细胞占外周血CD4+淋巴细胞的比例明显低于健康对照组(P<0.01).而COPD急性发作期患者外周血CRP、ESR、Ig等水平明显高于健康对照组(P<0.05).COPD患者外周血调节T细胞下降与CRP和IgG升高成负相关.结论:COPD患者外周血CD4+CD25+CD127(Low/-)调节性T细胞在CD4+T淋巴细胞的比例明显减少,调节性T细胞等免疫调节因素可能在COPD的发病机制发挥重要作用. 相似文献
962.
Yanrui Wu Yina Cun Jing Dong Jingru Shao Shengjun Luo Shengjie Nie Haijing Yu Bingrong Zheng Qi Wang Chunjie Xiao 《遗传学报》2010,37(6):371-379
Based on the theory of constitution of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), the human population is divided into nine constitutions including one balanced constitution (Normality) and eight unbalanced constitutions (Yang-deficiency, Yin-deficiency, Phlegm-wetness, Qi-deficiency, Wetness-heat, Blood stasis, Depressed constitution, and Inherited special constitution). Different constitutions have specific metabolic features and different susceptibility to certain diseases. However, whether a genetic basis accounts for such constitution classification is yet to be determined. Here we performed a genetic study to assess the association between genetic variations of metabolic genes including PPARD, PPARG and APM1 and the constitutions. A total of 233 individuals of the Han population in China were classified into four groups, Normality, Yang-deficiency, Yin-deficiency and Phlegm-wetness with whom 23 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the three genes were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Biased distribution of PPARD rs2267669 and rs2076167, APM1 rs7627128 and rs1063539 in Yang-deficiency, PPARG Pro12Ala in Yin-deficiency and PPARD rs2076167, APM1 rs266729 and rs7627128 in Phlegm-wetness were observed. The frequencies of Haplotype13 (Hap13) of PPARG in Yin-deficiency, Hap25 of APM1 in Yang-deficiency and Hap2 of PPARD and Hap14 of PPARG in Phlegm-wetness, were significantly different from those in Normality, suggesting those might be group-associated haplotypes. These results suggested that single SNP and haplotypes of PPARD, PPARG and APM1 may underlie the genetic basis of the constitutions classified in TCM. 相似文献
963.
964.
应用2因素2次回归正交旋转组合设计研究了淡足侧沟茧蜂Microplitis pallidipes对甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua (Hubner)、斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura的寄生选择性,并建立了2种寄主共存时的被寄生模型.主效分析表明,甜菜夜蛾和斜纹夜蛾幼虫被寄生虫数均随寄主自身密度的增加而增加;淡足侧沟茧蜂对2种寄主无明显的选择性,对甜菜夜蛾、斜纹夜蛾幼虫共存时的选择寄生比率分别为0.5211、0.4788.在人工繁殖淡足侧沟茧蜂时,可以利用易于人工繁殖的斜纹夜蛾做为繁蜂寄主,提高淡足侧沟茧蜂的繁殖速度,降低繁蜂成本.在甜菜夜蛾、斜纹夜蛾发生期,可保护利用淡足侧沟茧蜂来控制蔬菜夜蛾. 相似文献
965.
外源GA_3浸种处理促进火龙果种子发芽 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
火龙果种子播种育苗存在着种子发芽慢、发芽不整齐、发芽率低及幼苗细弱等问题。为了探讨提高火龙果种子发芽速度、发芽率和种子活力的方法,本试验以白肉火龙果(Hylocereus undatus Brit.t Rose)种子为材料,采用4个不同浓度(100mg/L,200mg/L,300mg/L和400mg/L)外源GA3对种子进行浸种处理,在适宜的光、温、水、气条件下催芽,通过对种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、幼苗鲜重和活力指数的测定,研究不同浓度外源GA3浸种处理对火龙果种子发芽的影响,不处理为对照。结果表明,不同浓度外源GA3浸种处理对火龙果种子的发芽势、发芽率和种子活力均有明显的促进作用,其中400mg/L处理效果最好,300mg/L处理次之,再次是200mg/L、100mg/L,对照最差。本文的研究结果,将为火龙果种子播种育苗及育种工作提供科学理论依据。 相似文献
966.
967.
Wang LM Becker JS Wu Q Oliveira MF Bozza FA Schwager AL Hoffman JM Morton KA 《Metallomics : integrated biometal science》2010,2(5):348-353
Copper may play an important role in the brain in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. We compare the active Cu uptake, Cu-containing enzyme levels, and total Cu distribution in the brains of young and aging mice. (67)Cu was administered intravenously to 2, 7-9, and 14 month old mice. Active uptake of (67)Cu in the brain was measured at 24 h by digital phosphor autoradiography. Cerebral superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) and cytochrome-C oxidase subunit-1 (CCO-1) levels were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The total Cu distribution in brain section was determined by imaging laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). In aging mice, active (67)Cu uptake and SOD-1 levels were significantly decreased in the brain, whereas blood (67)Cu and CCO-1 levels were similar for all mice, irrespective of age. Paradoxically, global Cu cerebral content was increased in aged mice, suggesting that regulation of active Cu uptake by the brain may be linked to total Cu levels in an attempt to maintain Cu homeostasis. However, focal areas of both decreased Cu uptake and Cu content were noted in the striatum and ventral cortex in aging mice. These focal areas of Cu deficit correspond to the regions of greatest reduction in SOD-1 in the aged mice. In aging, dysregulated Cu homeostasis may result in decreased SOD-1 levels, which may contribute to oxidative vulnerability of the aging brain. This study illustrates the importance of a multi-modality approach in studying the biodistribution and homeostasis of Cu in the brain. 相似文献
968.
Lijuan Wang Yajun Wang Zhen Wang Thierry C. Marcel Rients E. Niks Xiaoquan Qi 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2010,121(5):857-864
Partial resistance is generally considered to be a durable form of resistance. In barley, Rphq2, Rphq3 and Rphq4 have been identified as consistent quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for partial resistance to the barley leaf rust pathogen
Puccinia hordei. These QTLs have been incorporated separately into the susceptible L94 and the partially resistant Vada barley genetic backgrounds
to obtain two sets of near isogenic lines (NILs). Previous studies have shown that these QTLs are not effective at conferring
disease resistance in all stages of plant development. In the present study, the two sets of QTL–NILs and the two recurrent
parents, L94 and Vada, were evaluated for resistance to P. hordei isolate 1.2.1 simultaneously under greenhouse conditions from the first leaf to the flag leaf stage. Effect of the QTLs on
resistance was measured by development rate of the pathogen, expressed as latency period (LP). The data show that Rphq2 prolongs LP at the seedling stage (the first and second leaf stages) but has almost no effect on disease resistance in adult
plants. Rphq4 showed no effect on LP until the third leaf stage, whereas Rphq3 is consistently effective at prolonging LP from the first leaf to the flag leaf. The changes in the effectiveness of Rphq2 and Rphq4 happen at the barley tillering stage (the third to fourth leaf stages). These results indicate that multiple disease evaluations
of a single plant by repeated inoculations of the fourth leaf to the flag leaf should be conducted to precisely estimate the
effect of Rphq4. The present study confirms and describes in detail the plant development-dependent effectiveness of partial resistance genes
and, consequently, will enable a more precise evaluation of partial resistance regulation during barley development. 相似文献
969.
As a complementary approach to 2D-PAGE, multidimensional liquid chromatography (MDLC) separation methods have been widely applied in all kinds of biological sample investigations. MDLC coupled with mass spectrometry is playing an important role in proteome research owing to its high speed, high resolution and high sensitivity. Among MDLC strategies, ion-exchange chromatography together with reversed-phase LC is still a most widely used chromatography in proteome analysis; other chromatographic methods are also frequently used in protein prefractionations. Recent MDLC technologies and applications to a variety of proteome analyses have achieved great development. The diversity of combinations of different chromatography modes to set up MDLC systems was demonstrated and discussed. Novel developments of MDLC techniques such as ultra-pressure system, array-based separation and monolithic material are also included in this article. 相似文献
970.
广东省野生植物一新记录科——蜡梅科 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
报道了广东省野生植物一新记录科--蜡梅科(Calycanthaceae)、一新记录属--蜡梅属(Chimonanthus)及一新记录种--山蜡梅(Chimonanthus nitens Oliv.).标本存放于华南农业大学林学院树木标本室(CANT). 相似文献