拟南芥agl16突变体的创制及功能鉴定

AGL16是调控拟南芥气孔密度和ABA含量的重要负调控转录因子,在拟南芥抗旱反应过程中发挥重要的作用。为了获取拟南芥agl16突变体材料,采用棉花叶皱缩病毒(CLCrV)介导的VIGE系统筛选靶向敲除拟南芥AGL16的sgRNA,同时利用农杆菌介导的浸花法将完整编辑载体转化野生型拟南芥,创制了拟南芥agl16突变体并进行抗旱性鉴定。结果表明：(1)利用CLCrV介导的VIGE系统筛选获得2个能靶向敲除AGL16基因的sgRNA,同时构建AtU6 26∷AtAGL16 sgRNA1 35S∷Cas9 Ter p1300编辑载体转化野生型拟南芥Col 0,筛选获得靶位点缺失4 bp的agl16纯合突变体(AGL16: 4)。(2)抗旱表型性鉴定结果显示,干旱处理18 d后,大部分野生型植株干枯死亡,而突变体植株受胁迫的表型相对较轻;复水后,野生型和突变体植株的存活率分别为34.5%(10/29)和75%(27/36)。(3)与野生型相比,干旱胁迫下AGL16: 4纯合突变体植株叶片单位面积气孔数量减少、离体叶片失水率显著降低,但二者的单株种子量并没有发生明显的改变。研究认为,AGL16: 4纯合突变体的抗旱性较野生型明显增强,且种子量与野生型基本一致,表明AGL16基因可作为作物抗旱育种理想的候选靶基因;所获得的agl16突变体为后期从农作物中克隆的AGL16同源基因进行功能回补验证提供了有利的转基因受体材料。     

小鼠不同阶段胚胎玻璃化冷冻保存的比较研究

采用玻璃化冷冻法对ICR、C57BL/6、DBA~*C57BL/6杂交F1代三种品系小鼠的不同阶段胚胎进行冷冻保存,比较胚胎解冻后形态良好率、体外发育率和移植后的出生率,结果表明解冻后各品系小鼠胚胎从2细胞到桑椹胚形态良好率在75%以上,其中8细胞胚胎形态良好率在83%以上,而囊胚的形态良好率仅在40%左右。解冻后胚胎体外培养的发育率随胚胎发育阶段的提高而提高,桑椹胚的发育达93%以上。体外受精2细胞冷冻胚与体内受精2细胞冷冻胚比较,二者形态良好率差异无显著意义(74%∶75%),但体内受精冷冻胚的发育率明显高于体外受精冷冻胚(76%:40%,p<0.01);胚胎经过三次反复冻融后形态良好率无显著差别;冷冻2细胞胚移植后的受孕率与仔鼠出生率分别达64%和40%,但均低于新鲜2细胞胚。     

Simvastatin improves the homing of BMSCs via the PI3K/AKT/miR‐9 pathway

Bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have great therapeutic potential for many diseases. However, the homing of BMSCs to injury sites remains a difficult problem. Recent evidence indicates that simvastatin stimulates AKT phosphorylation, and p‐AKT affects the expression of chemokine (CXC motif) receptor‐4 (CXCR4). Therefore, simvastatin may improve the expression of CXCR4 in BMSCs, and microRNAs (miRs) may participate in this process. In this study, we demonstrated that simvastatin increased both the total and the surface expression of CXCR4 in BMSCs. Stromal cell‐derived factor‐1α (SDF?1α)‐induced migration of BMSCs was also enhanced by simvastatin, and this action was inhibited by AMD 3100(a chemokine receptor antagonist for CXCR4). The PI3K/AKT pathway was activated by simvastatin in this process, and LY294002 reversed the overexpression of CXCR4 caused by simvastatin. MiR‐9 directly targeted CXCR4 in rat BMSCs, and simvastatin decreased miR‐9 expression. P‐AKT affected the expression of miR‐9; as the phosphorylation of AKT increased, miR‐9 expression decreased. In addition, LY294002 increased miR‐9 expression. Taken together, our results indicated that simvastatin improved the migration of BMSCs via the PI3K/AKT pathway. MiR‐9 also participated in this process, and the phosphorylation of AKT affected miR‐9 expression, suggesting that simvastatin might have beneficial effects in stem cell therapy.     

细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导分子(CD147)在胰腺癌细胞及胰腺星状细胞中的表达(英文)

目的:探讨细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导分子(CD147)在胰腺癌细胞(Panc-1)及胰腺星状细胞(PSCs)的表达。方法:应用QRT-PCR,免疫细胞化学和免疫印迹分析方法检测Panc-1和PSCs细胞中EMMRPIN的表达,应用脱糖基化试剂N-glycosidase F及Endoglycosidase H鉴定CD147糖基化形式。结果:CD147在Panc-1和PSCs细胞质膜及细胞质中高表达,通过脱糖基化法首次鉴定出胰腺癌细胞及胰腺星状细胞中CD147不同的糖基化修饰。结论:CD147的糖基化修饰具有细胞特异性,可能与细胞恶性程度相关。     

人工注射Dnmt3 siRNA对意大利蜜蜂雌蜂发育的影响

为了研究人工注射DNA甲基化转移酶3 (DNA methyltransferase3, Dnmt3) siRNA对意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica雌蜂的Dnmt3酶活性、 Dnmt3 mRNA表达量、 dynactin p62基因甲基化水平以及蜜蜂形态指标之间的影响和关系, 分别给3组3日龄的意大利蜜蜂幼虫人工注射50 ng Ringer, uth siRNA和Dnmt3 siRNA溶液。在幼虫的发育过程中, 测定每组幼虫头部的Dnmt3酶活性、 Dnmt3 mRNA表达量、 dynactin p62基因甲基化水平以及刚羽化雌性蜜蜂的初生重、 体长、 前翅长、 前翅宽、 吻长、 第3背板长等形态指标。结果表明: 人工注射Dnmt3 siRNA不仅可以显著降低意大利蜜蜂幼虫头部Dnmt3酶活性、 Dnmt3 mRNA表达量和dynactin p62基因整体甲基化水平, 同时显著提高了刚羽化雌性蜜蜂的初生重、 体长、 第3背板长。结果说明Dnmt3的改变可以影响雌性意蜂幼虫的发育。     

基于点加权最小二乘无网格法的光学成像光传输模型求解

漫射方程是目前光学成像中应用最广泛的光传输模型,通常采用有限元方法进行求解。但是,有限元方法依赖于对整个求解域的网格剖分,而对于类似生物组织的非规则形状求解域的网格剖分是非常困难的,甚至昂贵的商业软件也难以很好地处理。本文将点加权最小二乘无网格法应用于漫射方程的求解。这种方法只需要在求解域内布置一系列规则分布的配点即可进行数值求解,从而可以完全避免有限元方法中困难的剖分工作。此外,这种方法通过最小化控制方程和边界条件在每个配点上产生的残量加权平方和,建立光源功率和光流率密度之间的关系,不需要进行任何数值积分运算,非常适合应用于非规则求解域的求解。基于数字鼠模型的数值仿真实验验证了该方法的准确性和有效性。     

影响小麦成熟胚培养及植株再生因素的研究

对3个不同栽培品种小麦的成熟胚进行离体培养,研究影响小麦愈伤组织诱导和植株再生的一些因素。结果表明,东农7742的苗分化率明显高于龙麦9814和龙麦26;高浓度的玉米素可明显提高芽的分化率;附加低浓度NAA的1/2 MS培养基可有效促进生根。可见,基因型对小麦愈伤组织的分化有很大的影响,附加一定的外源激素有利于提高植株的再生频率。     

短小芽孢杆菌A-30耐碱性木聚糖酶的纯化及性质研究

木聚糖广泛存在于自然界 ,通常占高等植物干重的 1 5%～ 30 % ,由木糖经β- 1 ,4-糖苷键连接起来形成主链 ,并由阿拉伯糖、乙酰基甘露糖、葡萄糖醛酸等复杂侧链共同组成 .在众多可降解木聚糖的酶中 ,β-内切木聚糖酶 ( E.C3.2 .1 .8,β- 1 ,4- xylanxylanohydrolase)起主要作用 .在纺织、制浆造纸、饲料及食品等工业中具有潜在的应用价值 .近年来 ,欧美等国已将其应用在造纸制浆工业 ,降低了漂白时氯的用量 ,改善了纸张性能 ,并且减少了环境污染 .对木聚糖酶的研究成为生物技术领域研究的热点之一 .国内外对来源于不同菌种的木聚糖酶的分离…     

西藏佩枯错种子植物区系研究

为了丰富西藏高原植物区系地理研究资料,深入开展该区域植被生态学研究、生物资源开发利用与保护,该研究通过野外调查、标本采集以及查阅相关的文献资料,对西藏佩枯错种子植物区系进行了统计分析。结果表明:(1)植物种类较贫乏。佩枯错共有种子植物31科77属115种,仅占西藏种子植物的18.90%、6.73%、2.17%。其中裸子植物2科2属2种,被子植物29科75属113种;被子植物中双子叶植物有23科58属91种,单子叶植物6科17属22种。(2)优势科明显,单种科占绝对优势。所有科中有5个科至少含有7种种子植物,占该研究区总种数的39.13%,是该区系的主要组分;同时科数中有11科仅含1种植物,该类科占一定优势。(3)种子植物的区系成分较复杂,划分为3个科分布区类型和10个属分布区类型,其中温带成分占绝对优势:温带分布科、属分别占总数的29.03%和77.92%,表明本区系具有明显温带性质。(4)科属特有现象不明显,没有中国特有科分布,仅有1个中国特有属分布,说明佩枯错植物区系的特有化程度极低,表现出寒旱化与高山、高原特化综合而成的高寒植物区系的年轻性。     

Three new species in the genus Polygonum (Polygonaceae) from China

Three new species in Polygonum section Polygonum (Polygonaceae) from Xinjiang, China, are described and illustrated. Polygonum urumqiense F. Z. Li, Y. T. Hou & F. J. Lu is similar to P. aviculare L. in habit, but differs by having flowers densely clustered and spicate in the upper part of branches, stamens 5–6, and two types of achenes (the longer one densely and irregularly granulate on surface). Polygonum tachengense F. Z. Li, Y. T. Hou & F. J. Lu is similar to P. aviculare in the flowers not forming a raceme in the upper part of branches, the stamens 8, and the achenes striate-granulate on surface, but differs by the leaf blades linear-lanceolate, the midvein and lateral veins conspicuously raising abaxially, the ochreae longer, up to 1.1 cm, 15–20-veined, the flowers 3–6 clustered together in the upper axils of branches. This species is also similar to P. patulum M. Bieb. in the erect stem, and the flowers 3–6 clustered together in the axils of the upper part of branches, but differs by the midvein and lateral veins of leaves conspicuously raising abaxially, the ochreae longer, up to 1.1 cm, 15–20-veined, the leaves in the upper part of branches not becoming smaller gradually, and the flowers clustered in the upper axils of branches not forming a raceme, and the achenes striate-granulate on surface. Polygonum shiheziense F. Z. Li, Y. T. Hou & F. J. Lu is similar to P. argyrocoleon Steud. ex Kunze in the erect stem, the 3–6 flowers clustered in the upper axils of branches, the stamens 8, and the slightly smooth achenes, but differs by the midvein and lateral veins of leaves conspicuously raising abaxially, the ochreae longer, up to 1.1 cm, 15–20-veined, and the flowers clustered in the upper axils of branches not forming a raceme. This species is also similar to P. tachengense in habit, but differs in the leaves borne in the upper part of branches becoming smaller gradually and the smooth, slightly shiny achenes. The pollen morphology, leaf epidermal characters and achene micromorphology of the three new species and their relatives were comparatively observed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM).