辽宁棋盘山森林公园种子植物区系研究

在实地考察和标本采集鉴定的基础上,对辽宁棋盘山森林公园种子植物的组成、分布类型和区系特征进行了分析研究.结果表明,棋盘山森林公园共有种子植物69科187属264种,其中裸子植物4科9属23种,被子植物65科178属241种;植被类型多样,区系地理成分复杂,具有强烈的温带性质;区内具有一定数量的重点保护植物,但特有现象不...     

非人灵长类局部脑缺血动物模型研究现状

非人灵长类动物在种系发生上较啮齿类更接近于人类,用来制备局部脑缺血模型可以更好的拟合临床症状和机理。通过对国内外非人灵长类动物局部脑缺血模型的制备方法和应用现状进行收集、分类和述评,展望非人灵长类动物模型的应用前景,尤其是利用低等灵长类动物树鼩研究缺血性中风的优势。     

An update analysis of two polymorphisms in encoding ribonuclease L gene and prostate cancer risk: involving 13,372 cases and 11,953 controls

Encoding ribonuclease L (RNASEL) is a ubiquitously expressed latent endoribonuclease involved in the mediation of antiviral and pro-apoptotic activities of the interferon-inducible 2-5A system. Although the relationship between RNASEL gene polymorphisms and prostate cancer (PCa) risk has been widely reported, results were somewhat controversial and underpowered. Now, we performed an update analysis of 14 publications evaluating the association between RNASEL R462Q and D541E polymorphisms and PCa risk. We conducted a literature search of PubMed database to identify all eligible articles that examined the association of RNASEL R462Q and D541E polymorphisms with PCa. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated to assess these association. R462Q showed a significantly elevated effect on Africans (QQ vs. RR: OR = 2.50, 95% CI = 1.28–4.87, P_{heterogeneity} = 0.231). In addition, PCa men who contain 462Q genotype had a higher Gleason score ≥ 7 (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.05–1.28, P_{heterogeneity} = 0.906). On the other hand, D541E was associated with increased total PCa. In the stratified analysis by race, there was also significantly increased PCa in Africans and Caucasians, as well as in sporadic PCa studies (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.04–1.15, P_{heterogeneity} = 0.078). Our update analysis showed evidence that RNASEL R462Q and D541E polymorphisms were associated with PCa risk. Still more well-designed studies should be performed to clarify the role of these two polymorphisms in the development of PCa.     

Usefulness of enhanced power Doppler imaging in monitoring acral microcirculation in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications

This study compared hemodynamic changes of acral arterioles (pulps and nail beds of fingers and toes) and the microcirculatory status of acra between patients with uncomplicated (n = 45) or complicated (n = 36) type 2 diabetic mellitus (type 2 DM) and healthy subjects (n = 40). Enhanced power Doppler imaging (e-Flow) was used to display the nail bed arterioles and distal branches of pulp arterioles (digitales palmares propriea and digitales plantares propriea) in the end knuckle of the right middle finger and right big toe. Arteriolar density (AD) was assessed by vascular pixel percentage. Compared to healthy subjects, in patients with DM the end diastolic velocity (EDV) of the nail bed arterioles of both finger and toe was diminished, while the vascular resistance index (RI) was increased. These changes became more prominent with a longer duration of the disease. Furthermore, both the peak systolic velocity (PSV) and AD were decreased in patients with DM. These hemodynamic changes were also evident in the pulp arterioles of fingers and toes, although they appeared at more advanced stages of the disease. Overall, the abnormal changes were more pronounced in patients with complications. In conclusion, hemodynamic changes (e.g. decrease in the number of acral arterioles) progress with a longer duration of the disease. The acral arteriolar damage is more pronounced in patients with a complicated type 2 DM.     

CD105shRNA对激光诱导的脉络膜新生血管的干预作用及其机制

目的：观察CD105shRNA对激光诱导的大鼠脉络膜新生血管的抑制作用,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法：40只BN大鼠单眼采用半导体激光建立CNV模型。随机取20只大鼠于建模后1天使用Pgenesil-eng2转染大鼠视网膜和脉络膜作为实验组。在建模后第14天行FFA检查,观察实验组与对照组视网膜激光斑的渗漏情况。各取5只实验组和5只对照组大鼠,行脉络膜铺片,检测并比较脉络膜新生血管渗漏面积。另32只BN大鼠任取一眼建立CNV模型,其中任取20只大鼠于建模后次日进行Pgen-esil—eag2转染,作为实验组。12只建模眼作为对照组,未建模眼作为空白对照组。于基因转染后1w,2w,3w和4w各取5只实验组大鼠和3只对照组大鼠眼球,获取每个时间点实验组、对照组和空白对照组的脉络膜组织。检测各组每个时间点CDl05和VEGF在mRNA水平的表达。结果：FFA显示光凝后第14天时,对照组的渗漏率为63．2％,实验组为24．6％。实验组的BN大鼠眼底渗漏点数较对照组少,渗漏强度较弱。两组间比较有显著性差异。脉络膜铺片结果显示：2周时对照组大鼠的CNV面积为（31．22±1．46）×10^3μm2,实验组大鼠的CNV渗漏面积为（14．46±0．82）×10^3μm2,两组间比较有显著性差异。RT—PCR结果显示：实验组VEGFmRNA及CDl05mRNA的表达变化规律与对照组相似,但各个时间点的表达量较对照组均明显下降,其中实验组VEGFmRNA于2w时的表达约为对照组的36．7％;实验组CD105mRNA在第2w时约为对照组的21．68％。结论：通过沉默CD105基因的表达可以抑制大鼠CNV的生成,下调VEGF的表达可能是其作用机制之一。CD105基因有望成为CNV的基础研究热点和临床治疗的新靶点。     

一条大鼠睾丸新基因的生物信息学分析及真核表达

目的：探讨大鼠睾丸组织一条新基因的生物信息学特征和真核表达。方法：构建pEGFP-N1载体的融合质粒进行真核表达,利用生物信息学手段分析基因和蛋白功能。结果：生物信息学分析表明RSA14-44的编码区序列与人类及鼠源RAS同源基因家族核酸序列达到85%以上的同源性;RSA14-44蛋白没有典型的跨膜结构域,也没有典型的N末端信号肽;与人类RhoA蛋白序列达到了89%的同源且具有Rho家族成员的GAAX盒和p-loop结构的基序特征;RSA14-44蛋白大部分氨基酸序列与Rho家族7个已知结构域高度同源;RSA14-44基因真核表达定位于细胞质。结论：RSA14-44基因真核表达定位于CHO-K1细胞质,;编码蛋白质与Rho家族同源性高,为进一步研究其生物学功能提供参考。     

普贝生用于足月妊娠促宫颈成熟的疗效观察

目的：探讨普贝生促进宫颈成熟,提高足月妊娠经阴道分娩的有效性和安全性。方法：120例足月妊娠的未临产孕妇随机分为试验组与对照组,其中试验组50例给予阴道后穹隆置入普贝生1～2次,对照组50例给予小剂量催产素静脉滴注,比较两组宫颈成熟度,分娩情况及对于产妇、新生儿的影响。结果：①试验组宫颈Bishop评分增加3．81±1．04,对照组增加3．09±1．15,两组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）②试验组促宫颈成熟的显效率为78．33％,总有效率为91．67％,高于对照组35．00％显效率和63．33％总有效率（P〈0．01）。③试验组阴道分娩率73．33％,进入产程时间（34．19±13．20）h,产程（8．47±2．68）h,对照组阴道分娩率41．67％,进入产程时间（52．14±16．05）h,产程（12．25±3．73）h,两组间比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01或0．05）。④试验组产后出血量（225．31±67．80）ml,新生儿体重（3369．48±311．65）g,Apgar评分9．52±0．39,对照组产后出血量（232．44±75．76）ml,新生儿体重（3417．63±359．68）g,Apgar评分9．48±0．47,两组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：普贝生可有效促进足月妊娠产妇的宫颈成熟．提高经阴道引产成功率,降低剖宫产率,且安全性好,对母儿影响小。     

新模式植物短柄二叶草SGT1 和RAR1 基因沉默和蛋白纯化载体构建

短柄二叶草作为一种新型的模式植物,已成为当前研究热点.其具有基因组小、生长周期短、生存环境简单和容易人工转化等重要生理和遗传特性,被认为是一种潜力巨大的人类研究能源和粮食作物的重要模式植物.SGT1和RAR1基因是高度保守的并与植物抗病功能紧密相关的重要基因.本文采用Gateway克隆技术构建了SGT1和RAR1的基因沉默表达载体.阳性克隆载体经PCR、酶切和测序鉴定.为进一步研究SGT1和RAR1互作蛋白及其功能,采用该克隆技术将基因cDNA全长克隆至串联亲和纯化蛋白表达载体pEarleyGate205中,为纯化SGT1和RAR1及其互作蛋白提供了基础.正确的阳性克隆载体经农杆菌介导转化至短柄二叶草Bd21获得转化株,以期进一步研究SGT1和RAR1基因及蛋白互作对于短柄二叶草抗病功能的影响.     

小麦品种抗麦红吸浆虫鉴定与抗性分析

利用一套较完整的田间自然感虫鉴定法,对183份小麦品种进行了抗麦红吸浆虫鉴定.鉴定结果表明,小麦不同品种对麦红吸浆虫的抗性存在着显著差异:高抗、中抗、低抗、感虫、高感的小麦品种,分别占参试品种的24.59%、16.94%、18.58%、14.21%、25.68%.不同抗性类型的小麦品种其穗被害率、粒被害率、估计损失率、抗性指数均有较大的差异,其中表现高抗类型45份,中抗类型31份.这些品种既可作为麦红吸浆虫发生区控制麦红吸浆虫危害的主推品种和后备品种,也可作为亲本材料提供给育种单位利用.     

The effects of phenytoin and its metabolite 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin on cellular glucose transport

Glucose is the principal fuel for brain metabolism and its movement across the blood-brain barrier depends on Glut1. Impaired glucose transport to the brain may have deleterious consequences. For example, Glut1 deficiency syndrome (Glut1DS) is the result of heterozygous loss of function Glut1 mutation leading to energy failure of the brain and subsequently, epileptic encephalopathy. To preserve the integrity of the energy supply to the brain in patients with compromised glucose transport function, consumption of compounds with glucose transport inhibiting properties should be avoided. Phenytoin is a widely used anticonvulsant that affects carbohydrate metabolism. In this study, the hypothesis that phenytoin and its metabolite 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin (HPPH) affect cellular glucose transport was tested. With a focus on Glut1, the effects of phenytoin and HPPH on cellular glucose transport were studied. Glucose uptake assay measuring the zero-trans influx of radioactive-labeled glucose analogues showed that phenytoin and HPPH did not exert immediate effects on erythrocyte Glut1 activity or glucose transport in Hs68 control fibroblasts, Glut1DS primary fibroblasts isolated from two patients, or in rat primary astrocytes. Prolonged exposure to the two compounds could stimulate glucose transport by up to 30-60% over the control level (p <0.05) in Hs68 and Glut1DS fibroblasts as well as in rat astrocytes. The stimulation of glucose transport by HPPH was dose-dependent and accompanied by an up-regulation of GLUT1 mRNA expression (p <0.05). In conclusion, phenytoin and HPPH do not compromise cellular glucose transport. Prolonged exposure to these compounds can modify carbohydrate homeostasis by up-regulating glucose transport in both normal and Glut1DS conditions in vitro.