Xenorhabdus nematophila BP杀虫毒素基因的序列分析及其杀虫活性

XnBP83是从Xenorhabdus nematophila BP基因组粘粒文库中筛选出的一个对棉铃虫有较强口服杀虫活性的克隆．采用亚克隆结合primer-walking DNA测序技术对粘粒XnBP83的插入片段进行序列测定．该插入片段全长38939bp,其中包括5个与杀虫活性相关的tc类基因xptA1、xptB1、xptC1、xptA2、xptD1．序列分析显示：a．插入片段中的xptD1不完整,与X．nematophila PMFI296 XptD1相应氨基酸序列有99％的相似性．b．BP xptA1读码框全长7569bp,编码2520个氨基酸,与PMFI296的XptA1氨基酸序列有98％的相似性,两者在第2200-2223氨基酸区域连续有23个氨基酸不同．c．BP xptB1读码框全长3051bp,编码1016个氨基酸,与PMFI296 XptB1氨基酸序列有98％的相似性,在第620-650氨基酸之间有28个氨基酸差异．d．BP xptC1读码框全长4225bp,编码1408个氨基酸,与PMFI296的XptC1氨基酸序列有96％的相似性．在BP的第232氨基酸后插入了一个TAQRYLAK的氨基酸序列,在第627-646氨基酸区域内,有18个氨基酸不同．e．BP xptA2读码框全长7574bp,编码2524个氨基酸,与PMFI296的XptA2氨基酸序列有90％的相似性,在BP品系XptA2的第788-855氨基酸和第1630～1784氨基酸有两个明显变异区．将XnBP83培养物上清和沉淀饲喂棉铃虫、甜菜夜蛾、斜纹夜蛾和粉纹夜蛾,结果表明XnBP83对所测昆虫有广谱杀虫活性．     

杯萼海桑和格氏海桑自然杂交的分子证据

Interspecific hybridization has been frequently observed in the mangrove genus Sonneratia. However, no natural hybridization has been reported between Sonneratia alba and S. griffithii to date, despite their overlapping distribution in the coast of Andaman Sea. In this study, cysteine proteinase inhibitor gene (cpi) from the nuclear genome, and two intergenic spacers (trnL-trnF and trnV-trnM) from the chloroplast genome, were sequenced to determine whether natural hybridization took place between the two species. Our results revealed two distinct types of cpi sequences from the putative hybrid matching those acquired from S. griffithii and S. alba, respectively. Sequencing of the chloroplast trnL-trnF and trnV-trnM regions showed that S. alba differed from S. griffithii by one nucleotide in each region, and the putative hybrid had the identical sequences with S. griffithii. Molecular data demonstrated clearly that there indeed existed natural hybridization between S. alba and S. griffithii, and that S. griffithii was the maternal parent in this hybridization event.     

辣椒细胞质雄性不育花药败育及淀粉粒分布的细胞学观察

用PAS反应对辣椒细胞质雄性不育系8214A和保持系8214B花药中的淀粉粒分布进行研究.在减数分裂前,保持系花药与不育系花药的结构和淀粉粒分布相似.保持系花药减数分裂后,药壁绒毡层细胞开始液泡化并体积增大,在药隔薄壁细胞中积累了许多较小的淀粉粒;在小孢子晚期,绒毡层细胞退化,在药隔薄壁细胞中淀粉粒体积增大;在二胞花粉时期,随着花粉大液泡的消失花粉中出现淀粉粒;花粉成熟时,其细胞质中积累了丰富的淀粉粒.不育系花药减数分裂后,由于药室腔的空间不能扩大,四分体被挤压在一起,最终四分体小孢子败育.不育花药的维管组织发育正常,但较多的淀粉粒积累在药隔薄壁细胞中.该种辣椒雄性不育系中.花粉的败育发生在四分体时期.绒毡层细胞结构异常可能影响糖类物质向药室的正常转运.该种辣椒雄性不育系的绒毡层异常与花粉败育有关.     

肝细胞癌化疗栓塞术后血清TGFβ1、bFGF和VEGF浓度变化

目的:研究肝细胞癌(HCC)患者肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)前后血清转化生长因子β1(TGFβ1)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)浓度的变化及其临床意义。方法:采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫法(EUSA),检测32例HCC患者TACE前后血清TGFβ1、VEGF和bFGF浓度的改变,并与正常对照组比较。分析HCC患者TACE前后血清bFGF,TGFβ1与VEGF浓度的相关性。结果:HCC组TACE治疗前TGFβ1、VEGF浓度均升高,与正常对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);TACE术后患者血清TGFβ1、VEGF和bFGF浓度均升高,治疗前后比较有统计学差异(P<0,05);TACE术前或术后,血清TGFβ1与VEGF浓度均具有正相关性(r前=0.581,P<0.01;r后=0.577,P<0.01)。结论:HCC患者TACE术后TGFβ1、VEGF和bFGF三种促血管生长因子浓度的升高,对肿瘤血管及侧枝循环的形成有着重要作用,影响TACE的远期疗效。     

Sequence Variation in the Gp120 region of SHIV-CN97001 during in vivo Passage

SHIV-CN97001 played an important role in assessing the immune effect and strategy of the AIDS vaccine which included genes of the predominant prevalent HIV-1 strain in China. In this study, SHIV-CN97001 was in vivo passaged serially to construct pathogenic SHIV-CN97001/rhesus macaques model. To identify variation in the gp120 region of SHIV-CN97001 during passage, the fragments of gp120 gene were amplified by RT-PCR from the plasma of SHIV-CN97001 infected animals at the peak viral load time point and the gene distances (divergence, diversity) were calculated using DISTANCE. The analysis revealed that the genetic distances of SHIV-CN97001 in the third passage animals were the highest during in vivo passage. It had a relationship between viral divergence from the founder strain and viral replication ability. The nucleic acid sequence of the V3 region was highly conservative. All of the SHIV-CN97001 strains had V3 loop central motif (GPGQ) and were predicted to be using CCR5 co-receptor on the basis of the critical amino acids within V3 loop. These results show that there was no significant increase in the genetic distance during serial passage, and SHIV-CN97001 gp120 gene evolved toward ancestral states upon transmission to a new host. This could partly explain why there was no pathogenic viral strain obtained during in vivo passage.     

阿维菌素对苹果绣线菊蚜的防治作用及对果园天敌的影响

以1．8％阿维菌素乳油为代表品种,开展了阿维菌素对苹果树绣线菊蚜Aphis citricola田间防治效果试验。结果表明,1．8％阿维菌素乳油1000～3000倍液药后2d、7d、14d对绣线菊蚜的防治效果为64．9％-87．6％。此外,研究了阿维菌素乳油对果园捕食性天敌幼虫种群的影响。田间调查结果表明,施药14d后药剂处理区食蚜蝇Chrysopa septempunctata种群难以恢复,七星瓢虫Epistrophc baltcata种群恢复至喷药前的65％以上,大草蛉Coccinella septempunctate种群基本恢复正常;室内实验结果与田间基本相同,对食蚜蝇影响最大,大草蛉影响最小。但枝条喷药后,在太阳光下放置4h后接虫,则天敌幼虫的死亡率均有明显下降。     

拟南芥HECT E3s家族基因表达模式和功能的初步研究

利用GUS组织化学染色法,研究由拟南芥泛素蛋白连接酶HECT家族基因(UPLs)启动子起始的β-葡萄糖苷酸酶报告基因(GUS)的表达模式。结果表明:UPLs家族中6个成员的启动子在拟南芥植株的不同组织和不同时期均有所表达,且在莲座叶发育的早期和衰老期表现出较高活性。进一步观察upl3和upl4突变体发现,upl3和upl4突变体除了upl3有较明显的叶型变化,两者均表现为延迟衰老现象;且突变体中衰老相关基因的表达水平不同于野生型。研究推测UPL3和UPL4可能参与了叶片生长发育过程的调控,同时还参与调控植株衰老进程。     

扁刺栲不同根序细根形态和化学特征及其对短期氮添加的响应

研究川西亚热带次生常绿阔叶林优势树种扁刺栲1～5级细根形态和化学特征,及其对氮添加的响应.结果表明: 随根序等级的增加,扁刺栲根直径、根组织密度、K含量增加,而比根长、比表面积及N、P、Mg含量降低.氮添加显著增加了扁刺栲细根N含量,降低了Mg含量和C/N,使细根Ca含量呈下降趋势,对根序C、P、K、Na、Al、Mn、Fe含量无显著影响.氮添加未显著影响扁刺栲细根直径、比根长、比表面积和根组织密度.在所有处理中,细根P含量均与各形态特征呈显著线性回归关系.氮添加处理下,细根Mg含量与形态特征之间的线性关系由不显著变为显著,而细根N含量与形态特征之间的线性关系由显著变为不显著.氮添加会影响根系营养元素含量,并增强植物对P和Mg的需求.