核纤层蛋白B1通过影响端粒酶活性调控肝癌细胞生长

核纤层蛋白B1(nuclear lamina protein B1,LMNB1)高表达于肝癌组织中,通过敲低LMNB1探讨其对肝癌细胞增殖的影响及其机制。利用siRNA在肝癌细胞中敲低LMNB1,Western blotting检测敲低效果,使用端粒重复序列扩增法(telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay,TRAP)检测其端粒酶活性变化。利用实时定量聚合酶链反应(quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,qPCR)检测其端粒长度变化。并通过CCK-8、克隆形成、Transwell、划痕实验检测其生长,侵袭和迁移能力变化。利用慢病毒系统构建稳定敲低LMNB1的HepG2细胞,检测其端粒长度及端粒酶活性变化,采用SA-β-gal衰老染色检测细胞衰老情况,通过裸鼠皮下成瘤实验及对肿瘤后续的组化染色,SA-β-gal衰老染色,端粒荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)检测其对成瘤性的影响。最后利用生物信息分析的方法寻找LMNB1在临床肝癌组织中的表达情况,及其与临床分期、病人生存期的关系。HepG2和Hep3B中敲低LMNB1后端粒酶活性显著降低,细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力显著降低,细胞和裸鼠成瘤实验证明稳定敲低LMNB1后端粒酶活性降低的同时端粒长度缩短,细胞发生衰老,此外细胞成瘤性降低,Ki-67表达降低,生物信息分析结果显示,LMNB1高表达于肝癌组织,且与肿瘤分期和患者生存相关。LMNB1在肝癌细胞中过表达,其有望成为评估肝癌患者临床预后的指标和精准治疗的靶点。     

李玉乳菇(新种)：欧洲槭乳菇在亚洲的近缘种

槭乳菇Lactarius acerrimus,乳菇中仅有的具有双孢担子的物种,曾经在中国被多次报道。我们在研究了该种的馆藏凭证标本后并未证实它在中国的分布,而是在中国发现了它的近缘种李玉乳菇L. liyuanus (新种)。李玉乳菇的典型特征为：菌盖黄褐色具环纹、边缘具短毛,菌柄具窝斑,乳汁白色、不变色、具辣味,孢子具尖而高的条脊。它的担子为4孢,孢子较小具高而尖的条脊,这两点与槭乳菇明显不同。文中提供了该种的条形码ITS序列、其他多基因序列和详细的形态描述,同时给出了对国内馆藏槭乳菇标本的重新鉴定结果。     

一例智力低下患者7q~ 标记染色体的来源鉴定

以人类染色体显微切割、PCR技术构建的现有人类染色体特异性和染色体区带特异性探针池作为绘画探针,采用正向染色体绘画技术,结合染色体筛查方法,查明了一例7q~ 标记染色体患者的染色体附加片段来源于3q26→3qter。确定该患者的核型为46,XX,-7, der(7)t(7;3)(7pter→7q32::3q26→3qter)。应用这个策略,能够快速有效地鉴定标记染色体的来源。     

kar交配法转移YACs至新宿主的研究

利用改进的kar交配法,将一个含有340kb人基因组DNA的YAC片段的供体酵母菌株YAC23与受体菌株YLB504进行交配,以选择平板对所形成的候选YAC导入菌进行筛选。经PCR分析,候选YAC导入菌在404bp处有一个扩增带,即具有受体菌株的交配型(MAT α)。进一步用脉冲电泳进行核型鉴定,证实YACs己成功地进入受体,实现了YACs从一个宿主到另一个宿主之间的转移。     

Intraspecific competition in immature Amblyseius fallacis,Amblyseius andersoni,Typhlodromus occidentalis and Typhlodromus pyri (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Intraspecific competition in immature Amblyseius fallacis, Amblyseius andersoni, Typhlodromus occidentalis and Typhlodromus pyri was examined in the laboratory using small cages at five different predator densities (two, four, eight, 16 and 32) in the absence and presence of prey 100 eggs of two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Koch), at 25 ± 1°C, 80% RH and 16L:8D photoperiod. In the absence of spider mite prey, some individuals of immature phytoseiids showed increased development and surival with increasing predator densities up to certain limits, but none survived to the adult stage, except for a single male each of A. andersoni and A. fallacis who completed development by cannibalizing on conspecifics at a density of 32 predators per cage. In the absence of spider mite prey, the mean immature survival time was independent of the initial predator density, but the variance of survival time increased with predator density. In the presence of prey, the proportion of immatures surviving to adulthood generally decreased with initial predator density and dropped sharply to almost none at the predator density of 32 for A. fallacis, eight for A. andersoni, 16 for T. occidentalis and four for T. pyri. The number of prey consumed per predator during the first day generally decreased with predator density in all four species, as prey available per predator decreased and the competition for food increased with predator density. Our data indicate that scramble competition is operating in these four species. Although cannibalism was occasionally observed, especially after the exhaustion of prey and in the generalist predators such as A. andersoni, the immatures of these phytoseiids were less influenced by the interference of conspecifics than by the increasing difficulty of finding food at high predator densities. The implications of this study for understanding phytoseiid population dynamics and their use in biological control are discussed.     

褐稻虱在武育粳2号上不同生育期危害对水稻产量结构的影响

通过试验测定在武育粳2号上水稻拔节期正处于幼穗形成阶段,受褐稻虱危害实粒数减少,产量下降;孕穗期较耐褐稻虱危害,有明显的补偿作用;孕穗末期至灌浆初期为水稻受害最敏感的时期,危害后使结实率和千粒重均明显下降,水稻显著减产;灌浆后期至乳熟期受褐稻虱危害主要导致干粒重降低,且越接近成熟产量损失越低。     

干旱和湿润生境下辽东栎群体遗传结构及其适应意义的初步研究

应用同工酶分析方法,测定北京市东灵山区两个分别代表干旱和湿润生境的辽东栋（ＱｕｅｒｃｕｓｌｉａｏｔｕｎｇｅｎｓｉｓＫｏｉｚ．）群体的遗传结构。共分析统计了１３ 个酶系统３０ 个位点。结果表明：辽东栎群体内部存在丰富的遗传变异（多态位点百分率为８６．６％ ,等位基因平均数为２．２５）。两群体遗传结构的相似性程度很高（Ｄ＝ ０．０２９, ＧＳＴ＝ ０．０４８）;但在个别位点上仍存在较大差异,这些差异的产生可能与对小生境的适应有关。对不同年龄段的初步分析结果显示,基因频率的动态变化可能有其适应意义     

移居海拔3700m高原青年体质综合评价方法的研究

在海拔３７００ｍ高原选择５０名男性青年的体重、立定跳远、引体向上、仰卧起坐、６０ｍ和２０００ｍ跑速度６项指标进行高原移居青年体制综合评价方法的研究。通过用百分位法制定各项指标评分标准,以各项指标评分相加作为体质总分,并用各项指标的简单相关系数与多元逐步回归方程的标准化偏回归系数的乘积（贡献率）分配“权重”,建立综合评价总分的计算式：Ｙ＝０．０５Ｘ１＋０．１６（Ｘ４＋Ｘ６）＋０．２１（Ｘ２＋Ｘ３＋Ｘ