An olfactory bulb slice-based biosensor for multi-site extracellular recording of neural networks

Multi-site recording is the important component for studies of the neural networks. In order to investigate the electrophysiological properties of the olfactory bulb neural networks, we developed a novel slice-based biosensor for synchronous measurement with multi-sites. In the present study, the horizontal olfactory bulb slices with legible layered structures were prepared as the sensing element to construct a tissue-based biosensor with the microelectrode array. This olfactory bulb slice-based biosensor was used to simultaneously record the extracellular potentials from multi-positions. Spike detection and cross-correlation analysis were applied to evaluate the electrophysiological activities. The spontaneous potentials as well as the induced responses by glutamic acid took on different electrophysiological characteristics and firing patterns at the different sites of the olfactory bulb slice. This slice-based biosensor can realize multi-site synchronous monitoring and is advantageous for searching after the firing patterns and synaptic connections in the olfactory bulb neural networks. It is also helpful for further probing into olfactory information encoding of the olfactory neural networks.     

FKBP38 peptidylprolyl isomerase promotes the folding of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in the endoplasmic reticulum

FK506-binding protein 38 (FKBP38), a membrane-anchored, tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR)-containing immunophilin, associates with nascent plasma membrane ion channels in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It promotes the maturation of the human ether-à-go-go-related gene (HERG) potassium channel and maintains the steady state level of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Using a combination of steady state and pulse-chase analyses, we show that FKBP38 knockdown increases protein synthesis but inhibits the post-translational folding of CFTR, leading to reduced steady state levels of CFTR in the ER, decreased processing, and impaired cell surface functional expression in Calu-3 human airway epithelial cells. The membrane anchorage of FKBP38 is necessary for the inhibition of protein synthesis but not for CFTR post-translational folding. In contrast, the peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase active site is utilized to promote CFTR post-translational folding but is not important for regulation of protein synthesis. Uncoupling FKBP38 from Hsp90 by substituting a conserved lysine in the TPR domain modestly enhances CFTR maturation and further reduces its synthesis. Removing the N-terminal glutamate-rich domain (ERD) slightly enhances CFTR synthesis but reduces its maturation, suggesting that the ERD contributes to FKBP38 biological activities. Our data support a dual role for FKBP38 in regulating CFTR synthesis and post-translational folding. In contrast to earlier prediction but consistent with in vitro enzymological studies, FKBP38 peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase plays an important role in membrane protein biogenesis on the cytoplasmic side of the ER membrane, whose activity is negatively regulated by Hsp90 through the TPR domain.     

特里飞虱属在中国的首次发现及卢氏特里飞虱的再描记(半翅目.蜡蝉总科,飞虱科)

记述采自黑龙江三江平原的飞虱科中国1新纪录属:特里飞虱属Trichodelphax Vilbaste,1968及中国1新纪录种:卢氏特里飞虱T.lukjanovitshi(Kusnezov,1929),并对卢氏特里飞虱作了重新描记,提供了成虫外形照片及雄性外生殖器特征图。研究标本保存在西北农林科技大学昆虫博物馆。     

降钙素基因相关肽受体组分蛋白

降钙素基因相关肽受体组分蛋白(calcitonin gene-related peptide-receptor component protein,CGRP-RCP)是降钙素基因相关肽受体的一个具有146/148个氨基酸的胞内膜周边蛋白,特异地与降钙素受体样受体(calcitonin receptor-like receptor,CRLR)相互作用并促进CGRP和肾上腺髓质素的信号跨膜转导,现认为CGRP-RCP也是G蛋白偶联受体中一个动态的调节器。CGRP-RCP的mRNA在人和鼠的几乎所有组织均可检测到,在小鼠睾丸中分布尤其明显。在哺乳动物中,CGRP-RCP与C17(酵母菌中聚合酶III的必需亚基)是直系同源蛋白,人体的CGRP-RCP能取代酵母中的C17,发挥与C17相同的生物学作用。     

馒头柳对镉的耐性、运输途径和累积特征

采用液体培养法研究了馒头柳对镉的耐性、运输过程及富集特征,结果表明:馒头柳具有较强的耐镉特性,水培营养液中镉浓度为0.2 mg·L-1时,镉对柳的生长仍有促进作用;镉从根到地上部的长距离运输具有明显的韧皮部运输特征,表现为植株顶部组织镉含量显著高于底部(P<0.05),韧皮部高于木质部(14倍);馒头柳地上部对镉有非常强的持续富集能力;地上部富集的镉占植株吸收总镉量的52%～62%,且主要集中在叶片,只要秋季清除地表落叶,即可达到清除土壤镉的目的;因此,馒头柳适宜用作镉污染土壤的修复.     

灰眉岩鹀种群内鸣声的空间格局

对灰眉岩鹀(Emberiza godlewskii)种群内鸣声的空间格局进行了研究.共获得24只个体的录音,平均每个个体录音34句.每个句子有多个音素构成,依据音素的形态,将其划分为7种类型,计算每种类型的音素在个体鸣唱中出现的比率.依据个体使用不同类型音素比率的差异,计算个体间的鸣声相异性指数.结果表明:邻居间鸣声的相异性指数(0.224±0.076)与非邻居间(0.245±0.050)无显著差异(T检验,P=0.095);鸣声相异性指数与空间距离无线性相关性(Mantel检验,P=0.227).本研究区内灰眉岩鹀鸣声空间格局缺乏规律性,可能是生境受人为干扰严重,种群年际间个体变动大所致.     

观光木人工林生态系统碳储量及其分布格局

在生物量调查的基础上,对南亚热带27年生观光木(Tsoongiodendron odorum)人工林生态系统的碳储量及分配格局进行了研究.结果表明:观光木人工林生态系统植被层生物量为101.26 t · hm-2,乔木层生物量占86.90％;观光木的各器官碳素含量在426.5～496.9 g·kg-1,大小排序为:树干＞枝条＞枯枝＞根兜＞粗根＞树叶＞中根＞树皮＞细根.观光木人工林生态系统总碳储量为180.49 t·hm-2,其中0～80 cm土壤层碳储量是植被层的2.67倍;乔木层年净固碳量为3.07 t·hm-2·a-1,并主要以地上部分为主.     

多模态分子影像对肝癌进展和血管生成的研究

通过对HCCLM3-fLuc-GFP肝癌的进展和血管生成的多模态成像分析,对肝癌细胞在体内生长的适应过程和级数生长特性,分别进行了生物自发荧光成像(bioluminescent imaging,BLI)研究、激发荧光成像(fluorescent imaging,FMI)研究和小动物计算机断层成像(micro-compu...     

椭圆叶花锚的组织培养与植株再生

1植物名称椭圆叶花锚(Halenia elliptica D.Don)。2材料类别无菌种子萌发苗的茎段。3培养条件诱导不定芽培养基:(1)MS 6-BA0.5mg·L-1(单位下同) NAA0.5;(2)MS 6-BA0.5 NAA0.01。不定芽的伸长培养基:(3)MS 6-BA1.0 NAA0.2;(4)MS     

丙型肝炎病毒高变区及其变异机制

丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)包膜糖蛋白E2所含的3个高变区(HVR1/2/3)是HCV基因组中变异程度最高的部分,参与病毒识别、黏附和入侵等过程。了解HVR的特点、变异规律及其生物学意义,不仅有利于阐明HCV持续感染及耐药机制,还可为未来HCV疫苗和新型治疗药物的设计提供理论依据。