Magnesium Lithospermate B Protects Neurons Against Amyloid β (1–42)-Induced Neurotoxicity Through the NF-κB Pathway

Neurochemical Research - Magnesium lithospermate B (MLB) is one of the major bioactive components of Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae, a Chinese traditional herbal medicine colloquially known as Dan...     

食块茎水鸟及水位对沙湖沉水植物冬芽分布的影响

分别于2012—2013、2013—2014年度越冬期候鸟越冬前(10月份)与越冬后(4月份)采用样方法调查沙湖沉水植物冬芽的种类、密度及生物量,分析不同水位条件的2个年度鄱阳湖碟形子湖沉水植物冬芽的分布及其对食块茎水鸟食物贡献的差异性,探讨越冬水鸟取食与水位变化对沉水植物冬芽分布的影响。结果表明:刺苦草(Vallisneria spinulosa)和罗氏轮叶黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata var.rosburghii)2种沉水植物的冬芽同域分布。2013年10月2种植物冬芽的密度与生物量均显著低于2012年同期,主要原因是鄱阳湖水位年际间变化剧烈,并对水质有显著影响:与2012年相比,2013年丰水期(4—9月)沙湖与主湖区连通的时间和日平均水深显著减小,但水体浊度显著增加,不利于沉水植物生长发育。2012—2013年度越冬水鸟迁出后2种冬芽的密度和生物量均明显下降,而2013—2014年度越冬期水鸟迁出后与迁入前相比两种植物冬芽的密度和生物量均无显著变化,很可能与食块茎水鸟的取食活动和高水位对食物可利用性的负面影响有密切关系。湖泊剧烈的水位变化导致越冬水鸟的食源具有年际波动的特征,而食块茎水鸟对鄱阳湖子湖的食物利用率受越冬季冬芽丰富度和食物可及性(accessibility)的共同影响。研究结果对鄱阳湖乃至长江中下游流域沉水植被恢复、越冬水鸟保护以及生态系统功能评估具有指导意义。     

广义可加模型在R中的快捷实现及蓝藻水华预测分析中的应用

广义可加模型(generalized additive models,GAM)适用于响应变量与解释变量之间的关系是非线性或非单调的数据分析,近年来在生态学中受到越来越多的关注。本文利用太湖湖泊生态系统研究站的监测数据,在RStudio集成编程环境下通过R对数据进行预处理、确定连接函数、对模型进行筛选以及评估等步骤,运用GAM分析了环境因子对微囊藻生物量的影响。结果表明,水温、总磷、化学需氧量以及电导率是影响太湖微囊藻生物量的4个关键环境因子。分析过程中,通过自编函数能有效地减少编程过程中的代码输入工作;R+RStudio是高效、快捷的编程环境。     

Changes in Patterns of Species Co‐occurrence across Two Tropical Cloud Forests Differing in Soil Nutrients and Air Temperature

Patterns of co‐occurrence of species are increasingly used to examine the contribution of biotic interactions to community assembly. We assessed patterns of co‐occurrence at four scales, in two types of tropical cloud forests in Hainan Island, China (tropical montane evergreen forests, TMEF and tropical dwarf forests, TDF) that varied significantly in soil nutrients and temperature. We tested if the patterns of co‐occurrence changed when we sorted species into classes by abundance and diameter at breast height (dbh). Co‐occurrence differed by forest type and with plot size, with significant species aggregation observed across larger plots in TDF and patterns of species segregation observed in smaller plots in TMEF. Analyses of differential abundance and dbh classes also showed that smaller plots in TMEF tend to have negative co‐occurrence patterns, but larger plots in TDF tend to show patterns of aggregation, suggesting competitive and facilitative interactions. This underscores the scale‐dependence of the processes contributing to community assembly. Furthermore, it is consistent with predictions of the stress gradient hypothesis that facilitation will be most important in biological systems subject to abiotic stress, while competition will be more important in less abiotically stressful habitats. Our results clearly demonstrate that these two types of tropical cloud forest exhibit different co‐occurrence patterns, and that these patterns are scale‐dependent, though independent of plant abundance and size class.     

Gene structure,phylogeny and expression profile of the sucrose synthase gene family in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

Journal of Genetics - In higher plants, sucrose synthase (Sus, EC 2.4.1.13) is widely considered as a key enzyme involved in sucrose metabolism. Although, several paralogous genes encoding...     

夏季栾树群落冠层结构对其环境温湿度的调节作用

为探究栾树群落降温增湿作用与其冠层结构参数的相关性在一天中的变化趋势,于天气晴朗的夏季对北京奥林匹克森林公园栾树群落内部和对照点的温度、相对湿度、群落冠层结构参数进行了铡定.结果表明:栾树群落的郁闭度与叶面积指数、平均叶倾角呈显著相关,且叶面积指数与平均叶倾角呈显著相关;在夏季8:00-18:00,栾树群落可降低空气温度0.43～7.53℃,在12:00左右达到降温最大值,增加相对湿度1％ ～ 22％,且在10:00左右增湿作用最显著,而在18:00-次日8:00降温增湿效果不明显;9:00-12:00,郁闭度和叶面积指数显著影响栾树群落的降温增湿作用;12:00-14:00,仅郁闭度与降温增湿作用显著相关;直到18:00,郁闭度和叶面积指数共同决定了栾树群落的降温增湿作用.因此,影响栾树群落降温增湿作用的冠层结构参数在一天中随着时间的推移发生变化.