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936.
The cytochrome P450 2D‐mediated formation of serotonin from 5‐methoxytryptamine in the brain in vivo: a microdialysis study 下载免费PDF全文
Anna Haduch Ewa Bromek Marta Kot Katarzyna Kamińska Krystyna Gołembiowska Wladyslawa A. Daniel 《Journal of neurochemistry》2015,133(1):83-92
The cytochrome P450 2D (CYP2D) mediates synthesis of serotonin from 5‐methoxytryptamine (5‐MT), shown in vitro for cDNA‐expressed CYP2D‐isoforms and liver and brain microsomes. We aimed to demonstrate this synthesis in the brain in vivo. We measured serotonin tissue content in brain regions after 5‐MT injection into the raphe nuclei (Model‐A), and its extracellular concentration in rat frontal cortex and striatum using an in vivo microdialysis (Model‐B) in male Wistar rats. Naïve rats served as control animals. 5‐MT injection into the raphe nuclei of PCPA‐(tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor)‐pretreated rats increased the tissue concentration of serotonin (from 40 to 90% of the control value, respectively, in the striatum), while the CYP2D inhibitor quinine diminished serotonin level in some brain structures of those animals (Model‐A). 5‐MT given locally through a microdialysis probe markedly increased extracellular serotonin concentration in the frontal cortex and striatum (to 800 and 1000% of the basal level, respectively) and changed dopamine concentration (Model‐B). Quinine alone had no effect on serotonin concentration; however, given jointly with 5‐MT, it prevented the 5‐MT‐induced increase in cortical serotonin in naïve rats and in striatal serotonin in PCPA‐treated animals. These results indicate that the CYP2D‐catalyzed alternative pathway of serotonin synthesis from 5‐MT is relevant in the brain in vivo, and set a new target for the action of psychotropics.
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938.
Dariusz Man Rudolf Słota Małgorzata A. Broda Giuseppe Mele Jun Li 《Journal of biological inorganic chemistry》2011,16(1):173-181
Liposomes characterized by membranes featuring diverse fluidity (liquid-crystalline and/or gel phase), prepared from egg yolk
lecithin (EYL) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), were doped with selected metalloporphyrins and the time-related
structural and dynamic changes within the lipid double layer were investigated. Porphyrin complexes of Mg(II), Mn(III), Fe(III),
Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and the metal-free base were embedded into the particular liposome systems and tested for
350 h at 24°C using the electron spin resonance (ESR) spin probe technique. 5-DOXYL, 12-DOXYL, and 16-DOXYL stearic acid methyl
ester spin labels were applied to explore the interior of the lipid bilayer. Only the 16-DOXYL spin probe detected evident
structural changes inside the lipid system due to porphyrin intercalation. Fluidity of the lipid system and the type of the
porphyrin complex introduced significantly affected the intermolecular interactions, which in certain cases may result in
self-assembly of metalloporphyrin molecules within the liposome membrane, reflected in the presence of new lines in the relevant
ESR spectra. The most pronounced time-related effects were demonstrated by the EYL liposomes (liquid-crystalline phase) when
doped with Mg and Co porphyrins, whereas practically no spectral changes were revealed for the metal-free base and both the
Ni and Zn dopants. ESR spectra of the porphyrin-doped gel phase of DPPC liposomes did not show any extra lines; however, they
indicated the formation of a more rigid lipid medium. Electronic configuration of the porphyrin’s metal center appeared crucial
to the degree of molecular reorganization within the phospholipid bilayer system. 相似文献
939.
Ewa Jankowska-Steifer Gayane Martirosian Alicja Ekiel Aldona Komar Barbara Wiechuła Jarosław Jóźwiak Paweł Cieślik Stanisław Moskalewski 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2011,27(7):1689-1694
We have previously demonstrated that C. histolyticum reference strain ATCC 19401 produces not only lethal factor but also hitherto unrecognized vacuolating toxin. The aim of
this study was to compare vacuolating and lethal activities of six reference C. histolyticum strains (ATCC 6282, 8034, 17859, 17860, 19401 and 25770) and to determine whether production of vacuolating toxin is strain-dependent
and how the amounts of both toxins produced by the same strain are related to each other and also to protease, collagenase
and clostripain activities. All strains produced vacuolating and lethal toxins as well as collagenase, clostripain and proteases,
but with different yield. Strain ATCC 19401 demonstrated considerable vacuolating and lethal activities and low activity of
collagenase, clostripain and proteases. In other strains such relationship was not evident. Positive correlations were observed
in collagenase and clostripain activities of all studied C. histolyticum strains (r = 0.71). Positive correlations were detected also in vacuolating activities of studied strains and clostripain (r = 0.62) and collagenase (r = 0.87) production, and this effect was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Negative non-significant correlations were detected: (a) in lethal activities of studied strains and clostripain,
or collagenase activities, (b) in vacuolating activities and protease production. 相似文献
940.
Pietkiewicz J Bronowicka-Szydełko A Dzierzba K Danielewicz R Gamian A 《The protein journal》2011,30(3):149-158
Reactive carbonyls such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), trans-2-nonenal (T2 N), acrolein (ACR) can react readily with nucleophilic
protein sites forming of advanced glycation end-products (AGE). In this study, the human and pig muscle-specific enolase was
used as a protein model for in vitro modification by 4-HNE, T2 N and ACR. While the human enolase interaction with reactive
α-oxoaldehyde methylglyoxal (MOG) was demonstrated previously, the effect of 4-HNE, T2 N and ACR has not been identified yet.
Altering in catalytic function were observed after the enzyme incubation with these active compounds for 1–24 h at 25, 37
and 45 °C. The inhibition degree of enolase activity occurred in following order: 4-HNE > ACR > MOG > T2 N and inactivation
of pig muscle-specific enolase was more effective relatively to human enzyme. The efficiency of AGE formation depends on time
and incubation temperature with glycating agent. More amounts of insoluble AGE were formed at 45 °C. We found that pirydoxamine
and natural dipeptide carnosine counteracted AGE formation and protected enolase against the total loss of catalytic activity.
Moreover, we demonstrated for the first time that phosphatidylserine may significantly protect enolase against decrease of
catalytic activity in spite of AGE production. 相似文献