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Glycosphingolipid expression in pig aorta: identification of possible target antigens for human natural antibodies 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
Total non-acid glycosphingolipids were isolated from the aortas of more
than 80 pigs. The glycolipids were separated by HPLC, analysed by thin-
layer chromatography, and tested for reactivity with monoclonal anti- blood
group antibodies. The fractions were structurally characterized by NMR
spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Reactivity with both anti- blood group
A and H antibodies was seen. The major glycosphingolipid constituents were
globotri- and globotetraosylceramides and blood group H
pentaglycosylceramides based on type 1 and type 2 core saccharide chains.
Globopentaosylceramides, blood group H hexaglycosylceramides based on type
4 chain, and blood group A hexaglycosylceramides based on type 1 core chain
were also present. Two structures, that may be important targets for human
antibodies initiating hyperacute rejection following pig to human
xenotransplantation, were present as minor constituents compared to the
blood group components. These were Galalpha1,3neolactotetraosylceramide and
a Galalpha1, 3Lexstructure. A Leb/Y hexaglycosylceramide was also present.
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Johnston RJ Watsford ML Pine MJ Spurrs RW Murphy AJ Pruyn EC 《Journal of strength and conditioning research / National Strength & Conditioning Association》2012,26(3):758-765
The purpose of this research was to investigate the validity and the reliability of 5-Hz MinimaxX global positioning system (GPS) units measuring athlete movement demands. A team sport simulation circuit (files collected from each unit = 12) and flying 50-m sprints (files collected from each unit = 34) were undertaken, during which the total distance covered; peak speed; player load; the distance covered; time spent and number of efforts performed walking, jogging, running, high-speed running, and sprinting were examined. Movement demands were also separately categorized into low-intensity activity, high-intensity running, and very high-intensity running. The results revealed that GPS was a valid and reliable measure of total distance covered (p > 0.05, percentage typical error of measurement [%TEM] < 5%) and peak speed (p > 0.05, %TEM 5-10%). Further, GPS was found to be a reliable measure of player load (%TEM 4.9%) and the distance covered, time spent, and number of efforts performed at certain velocity zones (%TEM <5% to >10%). The level of GPS error was found to increase along with the velocity of exercise. The findings demonstrated that GPS is capable of measuring movement demands performed at velocities <20 km·h(-1), whereas more caution is to be exercised when analyzing movement demands collected by using GPS velocities >20 km·h(-1). 相似文献
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Alpina Begossi Svetlana V Salivonchyk Luciana G Araujo Tainá B Andreoli Mariana Clauzet Claudia M Martinelli Allan GL Ferreira Luiz EC Oliveira Renato AM Silvano 《Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine》2011,7(1):1-23
In this study, we sought to investigate the biology (diet and reproduction) and ethnobiology (fishers knowledge and fishing spots used to catch snappers) of five species of snappers (Lutjanidae), including Lutjanus analis, Lutjanus synagris, Lutjanus vivanus, Ocyurus chrysurus, and Romboplites saliens at five sites along the northeast (Riacho Doce, Maceió in Alagoas State, and Porto do Sauípe, Entre Rios at Bahia State) and the southeast (SE) Brazilian coast (Paraty and Rio de Janeiro cities at Rio de Janeiro State, and Bertioga, at São Paulo State.). We collected 288 snappers and interviewed 86 fishermen. The stomach contents of each fish were examined and macroscopic gonad analysis was performed. Snappers are very important for the fisheries of NE Brazil, and our results indicated that some populations, such as mutton snapper (L. analis) and lane snapper (L. synagris), are being caught when they are too young, at early juvenile stages. Local knowledge has been shown to be a powerful tool for determining appropriate policies regarding management of target species, and artisanal fishermen can be included in management processes. Other suggestions for managing the fisheries are discussed, including proposals that could provide motivation for artisanal fishermen to participate in programs to conserve resources, such as co-management approaches that utilize local knowledge, the establishment of fishing seasons, and compensation of fishermen, through 'payment for environmental services'. These suggestions may enhance the participation of local artisanal fishermen in moving to a more realistic and less top-down management approach of the fish population. 相似文献
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In 1998–2000 a monitoring of the spectrum of Fusarium species on winter wheat was carried out in the Rhineland. The epidemic spread ofFusarium spp. on wheat plants during growing season was investigated as well as the grain contamination after harvest.F avenaceum was the Fusarium species isolated most frequently followed byF culmorum, F poae andF graminearum. Microdochium nivale occurred considerably only in 1998. Both, susceptibility and plant height of the cultivars were correlated to the incidence of Fusarium species /M nivale on harvested kernels; interactions with cropping intensities were detected. The incidence ofF poae seemed to be independent of the cultivar-specific Fusarium susceptibility. Despite the lack of disease symptoms, between growth stages 45–85 mycelium ofFusarium spp. was detectable in the leaves as well as conidia on the leaf surfaces. 相似文献
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The inoculation of wheat ears with 27 isolates ofFusarium culmorum in growth stage 65 reduced 1000-grain weights by 14 to 61%. For the phytopathological characterisation of isolates the virulence on primary wheat leaves and the growth rate an potato-dextrose-agar were assessed. Deoxynivalenol-producing isolates ofF. culmorum reduced the 1000-grain weight more than nivalenol-producing isolates. 相似文献
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