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381.
K van Oers A W Santure I De Cauwer N EM van Bers R PMA Crooijmans B C Sheldon M E Visser J Slate M AM Groenen 《Heredity》2014,112(3):307-316
Linking variation in quantitative traits to variation in the genome is an important, but
challenging task in the study of life-history evolution. Linkage maps provide a valuable
tool for the unravelling of such trait−gene associations. Moreover, they give
insight into recombination landscapes and between-species karyotype evolution. Here we
used genotype data, generated from a 10k single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip, of
over 2000 individuals to produce high-density linkage maps of the great tit (Parus
major), a passerine bird that serves as a model species for ecological and
evolutionary questions. We created independent maps from two distinct populations: a
captive F2-cross from The Netherlands (NL) and a wild population from the United Kingdom
(UK). The two maps contained 6554 SNPs in 32 linkage groups, spanning 2010 cM and
1917 cM for the NL and UK populations, respectively, and were similar in size and
marker order. Subtle levels of heterochiasmy within and between chromosomes were
remarkably consistent between the populations, suggesting that the local departures from
sex-equal recombination rates have evolved. This key and surprising result would have been
impossible to detect if only one population was mapped. A comparison with zebra finch
Taeniopygia guttata, chicken Gallus gallus and the green anole lizard
Anolis carolinensis genomes provided further insight into the evolution of
avian karyotypes. 相似文献
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Alain Dupuis Isabelle Prieur Joël Lunardi 《Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes》2001,33(3):159-168
Complex I [NADH–ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I, EC 1.6.5.3)] couples electron transfer between NADH and ubiquinone to proton transport across the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and the mitochondrial inner membrane. This sophisticated enzyme consists of three specialized modules: (1) a hydrophilic NADH-oxidizing module that constitutes the input machinery of the enzyme; (2) a hydrophobic module that anchors the enzyme in the membrane and must take part in proton transport; and (3) a connecting domain that links the two previous modules. Using the complex I of Rhodobacter capsulatus, we developed a genetic study of the structure and function of the connecting module. In the present review, we put together the salient results of these studies, with recent reports of the literature, to try and elucidate the structure of the connecting module and its potential role in the coupling process between electron and proton flux within complex I. From this overview, we conclude that the NUOB–NUOD dimer of the connecting module and a hydrophobic subunit such as NUOH must share a quinone-reduction site. The function of this site in the mechanism of complex I is discussed. 相似文献
386.
Emilie Dumas Alice Feurtey Ricardo C. Rodríguez de la Vega Stphanie Le Prieur Alodie Snirc Monika Coton Anne Thierry Emmanuel Coton Mlanie Le Piver Daniel Roueyre Jeanne Ropars Antoine Branca Tatiana Giraud 《Molecular ecology》2020,29(14):2639-2660
Domestication provides an excellent framework for studying adaptive divergence. Using population genomics and phenotypic assays, we reconstructed the domestication history of the blue cheese mould Penicillium roqueforti. We showed that this fungus was domesticated twice independently. The population used in Roquefort originated from an old domestication event associated with weak bottlenecks and exhibited traits beneficial for pre‐industrial cheese production (slower growth in cheese and greater spore production on bread, the traditional multiplication medium). The other cheese population originated more recently from the selection of a single clonal lineage, was associated with all types of blue cheese worldwide except Roquefort, and displayed phenotypes more suited for industrial cheese production (high lipolytic activity, efficient cheese cavity colonization ability and salt tolerance). We detected genomic regions affected by recent positive selection and putative horizontal gene transfers. This study sheds light on the processes of rapid adaptation and raises questions about genetic resource conservation. 相似文献
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