The field of nanotechnology holds great promise for the diagnosis and treatment of human disease. However, the size and charge of most nanoparticles preclude their efficient clearance from the body as intact nanoparticles. Without such clearance or their biodegradation into biologically benign components, toxicity is potentially amplified and radiological imaging is hindered. Using intravenously administered quantum dots in rodents as a model system, we have precisely defined the requirements for renal filtration and urinary excretion of inorganic, metal-containing nanoparticles. Zwitterionic or neutral organic coatings prevented adsorption of serum proteins, which otherwise increased hydrodynamic diameter by >15 nm and prevented renal excretion. A final hydrodynamic diameter <5.5 nm resulted in rapid and efficient urinary excretion and elimination of quantum dots from the body. This study provides a foundation for the design and development of biologically targeted nanoparticles for biomedical applications. 相似文献
A white-colony-forming, facultative anaerobic, motile and Gram-stain-negative bacterium, designated G-1-2-2 T was isolated from soil of agriculture field near Kyonggi University, Republic of Korea. Strain G-1-2-2 T synthesized the polyhydroxybutyrate and could grow at 10–35 °C. The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that, strain G-1-2-2 T formed a lineage within the family Comamonadaceae and clustered as a member of the genus Ramlibacter. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain G-1-2-2 T showed high sequence similarities with Ramlibacter ginsenosidimutans BXN5-27 T (97.9%), Ramlibacter monticola G-3-2 T (97.9%) and Ramlibacter alkalitolerans CJ661T (97.5%). The sole respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and an unidentified phospholipid. The principal cellular fatty acids were C16:0, cyclo-C17:0, summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c and/or C16:1ω6c) and summed feature 8 (C18:1ω7c and/or C18:1ω6c). The genome of strain G-1-2-2 T was 7,200,642 bp long with 13 contigs, 6,647 protein-coding genes, and DNA G?+?C content of 68.9%. The average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain G-1-2-2 T and close members were?≤?81.2 and 24.1%, respectively. The genome of strain G-1-2-2 T showed eight putative biosynthetic gene clusters responsible for various secondary metabolites. Genome mining revealed the presence of atoB, atoB2, phaS, phbB, phbC, and bhbD genes in the genome which are responsible for polyhydroxybutyrate biosynthesis. Based on these data, strain G-1-2-2 T represents a novel species in the genus Ramlibacter, for which the name Ramlibacter agri sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is G-1-2-2 T (=?KACC 21616 T?=?NBRC 114389 T).
Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) - In vitro adventitious roots were induced from leaves of Valeriana jatamansi to assess their potential as a sustainable alternative to extract... 相似文献
Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology - A glycosylated heat stable trypsin chymotrypsin inhibitor was isolated from Cyamopsis tetragonoloba seeds. It is being reported for the first time... 相似文献
16-Dehydropregnenolone undergoes a smooth annulation with propan-1-amine and aromatic aldehydes. Several amine derivatives of 16- dehydropregnenolone were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of DPP-IV. The structures of compounds were confirmed by 1H, 13C, NMR and mass spectral analysis. Among 17 compounds evaluated only five compounds 1, 9, 13, 15 and 16 demonstrated significant inhibition of DPP. This study suggest that introduction of appropriate substituents in the 16-dehydropregnenolone plays an important role in DPP-IV inhibitory activity. 相似文献
Progesterone receptor (PR) is strongly associated with disease prognosis and therapeutic efficacy in hormone-related diseases such as endometriosis and breast, ovarian, and uterine cancers. Receptor status is currently determined by immunohistochemistry assays. However, noninvasive PR imaging agents could improve disease detection and help elucidate pathological molecular pathways, leading to new therapies and animal disease models. A series of water-soluble PR-targeted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probes were synthesized using Cu(I)-catalyzed click chemistry and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. These agents demonstrated activation of PR in vitro and preferential accumulation in PR(+) compared to PR(-) human breast cancer cells with low toxicity. In xenograft tumor models, the agents demonstrated enhanced signal intensity in PR(+) tumors compared to PR(-) tumors. The results suggest that these agents may be promising MRI probes for PR(+) diseases. 相似文献
Maternal nutrition is an important determinant of one-carbon metabolism that lies at the heart of intrauterine epigenetic programming. Exchange of nutrients and other vital molecules between the mother and fetus takes place across the placenta and hence may play direct role in fetal programming. Pre-eclampsia (PE) originates in the placenta and altered maternal nutrition may influence epigenetic patterns in the placenta, thereby affecting birth outcome. In the present study, we investigated the global DNA methylation levels in placentas of pre-eclampsia women (i.e., women delivering at term and those delivering preterm) and studied their associations with maternal blood pressure and birth outcome. Increased homocysteine and global DNA methylation levels were seen in the pre-eclampsia group (term and preterm PE) when compared with the normotensive group (p?0.05). A positive association between global DNA methylation and systolic (p?0.01) and diastolic (p?0.05) blood pressure was seen in the term pre-eclampsia group, whereas there was no association with birth outcome. The study for the first time provides evidence for altered global DNA methylation patterns in pre-eclampsia placentas and its association with blood pressure. It is possible that increased homocysteine levels may be related to increased methylation in pre-eclampsia. 相似文献