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21.
Joy H. Meserve Jessica C. Nelson Kurt C. Marsden Jerry Hsu Fabio A. Echeverry Roshan A. Jain Marc A. Wolman Alberto E. Pereda Michael Granato 《PLoS genetics》2021,17(6)
The acoustic startle response is an evolutionarily conserved avoidance behavior. Disruptions in startle behavior, particularly startle magnitude, are a hallmark of several human neurological disorders. While the neural circuitry underlying startle behavior has been studied extensively, the repertoire of genes and genetic pathways that regulate this locomotor behavior has not been explored using an unbiased genetic approach. To identify such genes, we took advantage of the stereotypic startle behavior in zebrafish larvae and performed a forward genetic screen coupled with whole genome analysis. We uncovered mutations in eight genes critical for startle behavior, including two genes encoding proteins associated with human neurological disorders, Dolichol kinase (Dolk), a broadly expressed regulator of the glycoprotein biosynthesis pathway, and the potassium Shaker-like channel subunit Kv1.1. We demonstrate that Kv1.1 and Dolk play critical roles in the spinal cord to regulate movement magnitude during the startle response and spontaneous swim movements. Moreover, we show that Kv1.1 protein is mislocalized in dolk mutants, suggesting they act in a common genetic pathway. Combined, our results identify a diverse set of eight genes, all associated with human disorders, that regulate zebrafish startle behavior and reveal a previously unappreciated role for Dolk and Kv1.1 in regulating movement magnitude via a common genetic pathway. 相似文献
22.
Daniela C. Granato Leandro X. Neves Luciana D. Trino Carolina M. Carnielli Ariane F.B. Lopes Sami Yokoo Bianca A. Pauletti Romênia R. Domingues Jamile O. Sá Gabriella Persinoti Douglas A.A. Paixão César Rivera Fabio M. de Sá Patroni Geizecler Tommazetto Alan R. Santos-Silva Márcio A. Lopes Gilberto de Castro Thaís B. Brandão Adriana F. Paes Leme 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Proteins and Proteomics》2021,1869(8):140659
Saliva is a biofluid that maintains the health of oral tissues and the homeostasis of oral microbiota. Studies have demonstrated that Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients have different salivary microbiota than healthy individuals. However, the relationship between these microbial differences and clinicopathological outcomes is still far from conclusive. Herein, we investigate the capability of using metagenomic and metaproteomic saliva profiles to distinguish between Control (C), OSCC without active lesion (L0), and OSCC with active lesion (L1) patients. The results show that there are significantly distinct taxonomies and functional changes in L1 patients compared to C and L0 patients, suggesting compositional modulation of the oral microbiome, as the relative abundances of Centipeda, Veillonella, and Gemella suggested by metagenomics are correlated with tumor size, clinical stage, and active lesion. Metagenomics results also demonstrated that poor overall patient survival is associated with a higher relative abundance of Stenophotromonas, Staphylococcus, Centipeda, Selenomonas, Alloscordovia, and Acitenobacter. Finally, compositional and functional differences in the saliva content by metaproteomics analysis can distinguish healthy individuals from OSCC patients. In summary, our study suggests that oral microbiota and their protein abundance have potential diagnosis and prognosis value for oral cancer patients. Further studies are necessary to understand the role of uniquely detected metaproteins in the microbiota of healthy and OSCC patients as well as the crosstalk between saliva host proteins and the oral microbiome present in OSCC. 相似文献
23.
Fabio Martínez Francisco Gómez 《Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering》2013,16(6):561-572
The gait pattern of a particular patient can be altered in a large set of pathologies. Tracking the body centre-of-mass (CoM) during the gait allows a quantitative evaluation of these diseases at comparing the gait with normal patterns. A correct estimation of this variable is still an open question because of its non-linearity and inaccurate location. This paper presents a novel strategy for tracking the CoM, using a biomechanical gait model whose parameters are determined by a Bayesian strategy. A particle filter is herein implemented for predicting the model parameters from a set of markers located at the sacral zone. The present approach is compared with other conventional tracking methods and decreases the calculated root mean squared error in about a 56% in the x-axis and 59% in the y-axis. 相似文献
24.
Umberto Nicosia Fabio Massimo Petti Gianluca Perugini Simone D’Orazi Porchetti Eva Sacchi Maria Alessandra Conti 《Ichnos》2013,20(1-2):69-90
A really unexpected finding of sauropod and theropod footprints in southern Latium raises to four the number of the trampled levels recognized in central and southern Italy. After the recent findings in Latest Jurassic and Early, mid and Late Cretaceous carbonate platform deposits of the Periadriatic region, dinosaur footprints seem to provide very important paleogeographic constraints for reconstructing the geodynamic history of the Mediterranean area. The presence of a varied ichnoassociation makes acceptance of the current paleogeographic models concerning the relative and absolute position of the Laziale-Abruzzese-Campano and of Apulian-Dinaric domains during the Late Cretaceous more and more problematic. Dinosaur footprints, combined with other paleontological data, demonstrate that these areas were never completely pulled apart by deep seaways, while frequent or continuous links between them, and to southern and northern mainlands, probably persisted. These data also allowed us to improve our understanding of the timing of the Mesozoic plate motion in this segment of the Western Tethys. 相似文献
25.
Sergio Neri Santo Signorelli Davide Pulvirenti Barbara Mauceri Danila Cilio Fabio Bordonaro 《Free radical research》2013,47(6):615-618
To assess whether pathogenic endothelial dysfunction is involved in acute idiopathic tinnitus we enrolled 44 patients and 25 healthy volunteers. In blood from the internal jugular vein and brachial vein we determined malonaldehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal, mieloperoxidase, glutathione peroxidase, nitric oxide, l-arginine and l-ornitine, thrombomodulin (TM) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) activity during tinnitus and asymptomatic period.Higher plasma concentrations of oxidative markers and l-arginine, and lower nitric oxide and l-ornitine levels were observed in jugular blood of patients with tinnitus, there being a significant difference between brachial and jugular veins. TM and vWF activity were significantly higher in patients' jugular blood than in brachial blood.Our results suggest oxidant, TM, vWF activity production are increased and nitric oxide production reduced in brain circulation reflux blood of patients with acute tinnitus. These conditions are able to cause a general cerebro-vascular endothelial dysfunction, which in turn induce a dysfunction of microcirculation in the inner ear. 相似文献
26.
Angela Maria Amorini Giuseppe Lazzarino Fabio Galvano Giovanna Fazzina Barbara Tavazzi Giacomo Galvano 《Free radical research》2013,47(4):453-460
The cyanidin-3- O - g -glucopyranoside (C-3-G) antioxidant capacity towards reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated damages was assessed in tissue and cells submitted to increased oxidative stress. In the isolated ischemic and reperfused rat heart, 10 or 30 w M C-3-G protected from both lipid peroxidation (66.7 and 94% inhibition of malondialdehyde (MDA) generation in 10 and 30 w M C-3-G-reperfused hearts, respectively, in comparison with control reperfused hearts) and energy metabolism impairment (higher ATP concentration in 10 and 30 w M C-3-G-reperfused hearts than in control reperfused hearts). These effects were associated to C-3-G permeation within myocardial cells, as indicated by results obtained in the isolated rat heart perfused for 30 min in the recirculating Langendorff mode under normoxia with 10 and 30 w M C-3-G. Protective effects were exerted, in a dose-dependent manner, by C-3-G also in 2 mM hydrogen peroxide-treated human erythrocytes. With respect to MDA formation, an apparent IC 50 of 5.12 w M was calculated for C-3-G (the polyphenol resveratrol used for comparison showed an apparent IC 50 of 38.43 w M). The general indications are that C-3-G (largely diffused in dietary plants and fruits, such as pigmented oranges very common in the Mediterranean diet) represents a powerful natural antioxidant with beneficial effects in case of increased oxidative stress, and at pharmacological concentrations it is able to decrease tissue damages occurring in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. 相似文献
27.
Abstract A. Kerner is correctly the author of the name Iris cengialti previously ascribed to Ambrosi, and consequently the type of the species is here selected, as lectotype, among Kerner's original material kept in WU. 相似文献
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Abstract In August 2003, dense turfs formed by the filamentous red alga Womersleyella setacea (Hollenberg) R. E. Norris were found in the open part of the Bay of Boka Kotorska, on the shore of Montenegro (southern Adriatic Sea). The habitat and morphology of the alga are described and the impact of the massive development of this species on the structure of the algal communities is discussed. 相似文献