噬菌体展示HIV-1 Tat38-61碱性区51和55位随机突变体文库的构建

为了构建噬菌体展示Tat38-61(51N/55N) 碱性区突变体文库,进一步研究HIV-1 Tat38-61表位的分子进化筛选,采用含随机核苷酸序列的引物,通过Overlap PCR的方法获得51和55位氨基酸随机突变的全长Tat编码序列,再以此为模板PCR扩增出两端含有Xba I识别序列的Tat38-61突变体片段HIV-1 Tat38-61(51N/55N),克隆至噬菌体展示载体pCANTAB5S上,转化大肠杆菌TG1,经M13K07辅助噬菌体拯救,构建噬菌体展示Tat38-61(51N/55N) 碱性区突变体文库。结果显示文库的库容量为5.0×106,滴度为2.65×1012 TU/mL,阳性克隆率为56.50％;序列分析显示文库中51、55位核苷酸与氨基酸均呈随机性分布,达到了对文库进行分子进化筛选的要求,为获得可用作疫苗候选物的新型Tat突变体奠定基础。     

Selective bone targeting 5-fluorouracil prodrugs: synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation

Bone tumor is a notoriously difficult disease to manage, requiring frequent and heavy doses of systemically administered chemotherapy. Targeting anticancer drug to the bone after systemic administration may provide both greater efficacy of treatment and less frequent administration. In this paper, a series of bone targeting Asp oligopeptides 5-fluorouracil conjugates have been synthesized in a convergent approach and well characterized by NMR and MS techniques. Their hydroxyapatite (HAP) affinity, drug release and cytotoxicity characteristics were evaluated in in vitro conditions. All the prodrugs were water soluble and exhibited high affinity to HAP .The efficient release of the active drug moiety occurring by the cleavage of different linkage in physiological conditions significantly reduced the number of viable human cancer cells. From in vivo distribution, we get these compounds with high bone-selectivity and long halflife. These results provided an effective entry to the development of new bone targeting chemotherapeutic drugs.     

河套灌区九排域农田排水沟植物物种多样性

2010年8-9月对河套灌区九排域农田排水沟植物进行了综合调查.分别在干沟、支沟、斗沟/农沟的上、中、下游布设断面,断面上设置0.5m×0.5m和5m×5m样方对草本和灌木的植物种类和数量进行调查.结果表明:河套灌区九排域农田排水沟植物由17个科、38个属、39个种组成,禾本科(n=10)、菊科(n=7)和藜科(n=4)植物种类最多,芦苇、羊草和盐地碱蓬是分布面积最广的物种.干沟、支沟和斗/农沟的多样性指数、丰富度指数、均匀度指数和优势度指数值分别为0.57、1.93、0.37和0.81,0.77、3.46、0.65和0.50,0.90、3.88、0.64和0.53.物种多样性表现为边坡的高于沟底,但排沟等级间的变化趋势不明显.水的存留时间及农业管理(清沟)是影响植物物种多样性最主要的因素.     

葛根素对冷激诱导的高血压小鼠的影响

目的：检测葛根素灌胃对冷激诱导的高血压小鼠的血压血脂及肾脏结构的影响。方法：小鼠分为正常对照组、冷激对照组、冷激葛根素饲喂组（2,5,10ms／kg bw3组）（n=12）。以寒冷刺激（4±2℃）建立小鼠高血压模型,每天定时灌胃葛根素治疗,对照组给予聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液。连续饲喂18d．检测各组小鼠血压、血脂含量,石蜡切片观察肾脏结构。结果：冷激对照组小鼠血压显著高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）,葛根素饲喂组血压显著低于冷激对照组（P〈0．05）。冷激对照组TG含量显著高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）,而冷激饲喂组TG含量明显降低（P〈0．05）;冷激饲喂组TC含量与冷激对照组相比有所降低但无统计学意义;2mg／kg BW葛根素组LDL-C显著低于冷激对照组（P〈0．01）,各组间HDL-C含量比较无统计学意义,但葛根素饲喂组HDL-C／LDL-C值显著高于冷激对照组。冷激对照组肾小管上皮细胞水肿,内腔极度缩小,肾小球明显胀大,肾小囊腔显著变窄,葛根素饲喂组肾小管水肿基本消失,内腔明显增大,肾小球、肾小囊结构趋于正常。结论：葛根素灌服具有降血压、降血脂、改善病变肾脏结构的作用。     

Identification of QTLs for seed germination capability after various storage periods using two RIL populations in rice

Seed germination capability of rice is one of the important traits in the production and storage of seeds. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with seed germination capability in various storage periods was identified using two sets of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) which derived from crosses between Milyang 23 and Tong 88-7 (MT-RILs) and between Dasanbyeo and TR22183 (DT-RILs). A total of five and three main additive effects (QTLs) associated with seed germination capability were identified in MT-RILs and DT-RILs, respectively. Among them, six QTLs were identified repeatedly in various seed storage periods designated as qMT-SGC5.1, qMT-SGC7.2, and qMT-SGC9.1 on chromosomes 5, 7, and 9 in MT-RILs, and qDT-SGC2.1, qDT-SGC3.1, and qDT-SGC9.1 on chromosomes 2, 3, and 9 in DT-RILs, respectively. The QTL on chromosome 9 was identified in both RIL populations under all three storage periods, explaining up to 40% of the phenotypic variation. Eight and eighteen pairs additive × additive epistatic effect (epistatic QTL) were identified in MT-RILs and DT-RILs, respectively. In addition, several near isogenic lines (NILs) were developed to confirm six repeatable QTL effects using controlled deterioration test (CDT). The identified QTLs will be further studied to elucidate the mechanisms controlling seed germination capability, which have important implications for long-term seed storage.     

Strategies for Neoglycan conjugation to human acid α-glucosidase

Engineering proteins for selective tissue targeting can improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce undesired side effects. The relatively high dose of recombinant human acid α-glucosidase (rhGAA) required for enzyme replacement therapy of Pompe disease may be attributed to less than optimal muscle uptake via the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR). To improve muscle targeting, Zhu et al. (1) conjugated periodate oxidized rhGAA with bis mannose 6-phosphate bearing synthetic glycans and achieved 5-fold greater potency in a murine Pompe efficacy model. In the current study, we systematically evaluated multiple strategies for conjugation based on a structural homology model of GAA. Glycan derivatives containing succinimide, hydrazide, and aminooxy linkers targeting free cysteine, lysines, and N-linked glycosylation sites on rhGAA were prepared and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. A novel conjugation method using enzymatic oxidation was developed to eliminate side oxidation of methionine. Conjugates derived from periodate oxidized rhGAA still displayed the greatest potency in the murine Pompe model. The efficiency of conjugation and its effect on catalytic activity were consistent with predictions based on the structural model and supported its use in guiding selection of appropriate chemistries.     

Nxf3 is expressed in Sertoli cells, but is dispensable for spermatogenesis

In eukaryotes, mRNA is actively exported to the cytoplasm by a family of nuclear RNA export factors (NXF). Four Nxf genes have been identified in the mouse: Nxf1, Nxf2, Nxf3, and Nxf7. Inactivation of Nxf2, a germ cell-specific gene, causes defects in spermatogenesis. Here we report that Nxf3 is expressed exclusively in Sertoli cells of the postnatal testis, in a developmentally regulated manner. Expression of Nxf3 coincides with the cessation of Sertoli cell proliferation and the beginning of their differentiation. Continued expression of Nxf3 in mature Sertoli cells of the adult is spermatogenesis stage-independent. Nxf3 is not essential for spermatogenesis, however, suggesting functional redundancy among Nxf family members. With its unique expression pattern in the testis, the promoter of Nxf3 can be used to drive postnatal Sertoli cell-specific expression of other proteins such as Cre recombinase.     

Cloning of the flap endonuclease-1 gene in Bombyx mori and identification of an antiapoptotic function

The flap endonuclease-1 (FEN-1) gene is involved in DNA replication and repair, and it maintains genomic stability as well as the accuracy of DNA replication under normal growth conditions. However, FEN-1 also plays an important role in apoptosis and cancer development. We cloned the BmFEN-1 gene from Bombyx mori, which was 1343?bp in length and possessed an 1143?bp ORF (123-1266). It consists of seven introns and eight exons that encode a protein with 380 amino acids that has the typical XPG domain. The N-terminal motif is located at amino acids 95-105, and the proliferating cell nuclear antigen interaction motif is located at amino acids 337-344. RNA interference-mediated reduction of BmFEN-1 expression induced cell cycle arrest in S phase in BmE-SWU1?cells. These results suggest that BmFEN-1 can inhibit apoptosis and promote cell proliferation.