Spines or trichomes on the fruit of cucumbers enhance their commercial value in China. In addition, glabrous mutants exhibit resistance to aphids and therefore their use by growers can reduce pesticide residues. Previous studies have reported two glabrous mutant plants containing the genes, csgl1 and csgl2. In the present study, a new glabrous mutant, NCG157, was identified showing a gene interaction effect with csgl1 and csgl2. This mutant showed the glabrous character on stems, leaves, tendrils, receptacles and ovaries, and there were no spines or tumors on the fruit surface. Inheritance analysis showed that a single recessive gene, named csgl3, determined the glabrous trait. An F2 population derived from the cross of two inbred lines 9930 (a fresh market type from Northern China that exhibits trichomes) and NCG157 (an American processing type with glabrous surfaces) was used for genetic mapping of the csgl3 gene. By combining bulked segregant analysis (BAS) with molecular markers, 18 markers, including two simple sequence repeats (SSR), nine insertion deletions (InDel) and seven derived cleaved amplified polymorphism sequences (dCAPs), were identified to link to the csgl3 gene. All of the linked markers were used as anchor loci to locate the csgl3 gene on cucumber chromosome 6. The csgl3 gene was mapped between the dCAPs markers dCAPs-21 and dCAPs-19, at genetic distances of 0.05 cM and 0.15 cM, respectively. The physical distance of this region was 19.6 kb. Three markers, InDel-19, dCAPs-2 and dCAPs-11, co-segregated with csgl3. There were two candidate genes in the region, Csa6M514860 and Csa6M514870. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that the expression of Csa6M514870 was higher in the tissues of 9930 than that of NCG157, and this was consistent with their phenotypic characters. Csa6M514870 is therefore postulated to be the candidate gene for the development of trichomes in cucumber. This study will facilitate marker-assisted selection (MAS) of the smooth plant trait in cucumber breeding and provide for future cloning of csgl3. 相似文献
Soil samples were collected from 7 sites in the up-, mid-and down-reach along and nearby the wastewater irrigation channel, western Shenyang of China. The concentrations of selected pollutants (mineral oil, PAHs - polycycle aromatic hydrocarbons and Cd) were determined by UV spectrometer, HPLC and AAS (atomic adsorption spectrometer) spectrometer, respectively. Toxicity effects of soils were evaluated by seedling emergence test with root length of wheat as the end-point and by earthworms test with the mortality rate and inhibition rates of body weight as endpoints. Results showed accumulation of pollutants for most soils with concentration of 200.2 mg.kg−1∼1600 mg.kg−1 for mineral oil, 0.33 mg.kg−1∼1.81 mg.kg−1 for Cd and 900.16 mg.kg−1 ∼ 2737.91 mg.kg−1 for PAHs. The inhibition rates of root elongation were from −20% up to 40 %, and mortality rates of earthworms ranged from 0%∼40% from the exposure period of two weeks to eight weeks by sampling interval of two weeks, the inhibition rates of earthworm growth were from −19.36% to 34.53%, showing effects of stimulation at 2 weeks to an increasing effects of inhibition at 4, 6 and 8 weeks, respectively. Mortality rates correlated with the loss of body weight of earthworms.
This study indicated the potential risk of pollutants of environmental low content in soil by the determination of selected chemicals combined with toxicity indexes.
A total of 48 Donryu rats from 8 colonies of 5 lines were inoculated intravenously with 10(7) cells of the ascites hepatoma strain AH 66. All the conventional rats of the lines D-1 and D-2 died between 9 and 15 days after inoculation with a good growth of implanted tumor cells. On the other hand, SPF rats of the lines A-1, B-1, C and E survived for 60 days showing complete rejection of the implanted tumor cells. A 50% of conventionalized ex-SPF rats of the lines A-2 and B-2, which had been once established as SPF colonies, and thereafter had been "re-conventionalized", rejected the tumor cells. The present observations indicate that the microbial conditions of the animal, e.g. whether the animal is SPF or not, might play an important role in the growth of the implanted ascites hepatoma. 相似文献
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), characterized by multiorgan developmental abnormalities and predisposition to cancer, usually occurs sporadically, but small apparently dominant pedigrees have been described. Since rare patients show varying karyotypic abnormalities on the short arm of chromosome 11, it has been suggested that BWS may be related to the Wilms tumor gene on 11p13 or, alternatively, to growth factor genes on 11p15. We performed genetic linkage analysis on two BWS kindreds, using RFLPs for loci on 11p. BWS was linked to the insulin gene (11p15.5), with an overall maximum lod score of 3.60 (recombination fraction = .00). Linkage to D11S16 (11p13) could be excluded for recombination fractions less than or equal to .03. These results suggest that BWS defines a tumor-predisposition gene on 11p15. 相似文献
A partial length cDNA encoding farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase (hpt807) has been isolated from a human fetal liver cDNA library in lambda gt11. DNA sequence analysis reveals hpt807 is 1115 bp in length and contains an open reading frame coding for 346 amino acids before reaching a stop codon, a polyadenylation addition sequence, and the first 14 residues of a poly(A+) tail. Considerable nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence homology is observed between hpt807 and previously isolated rat liver cDNAs for farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase. Comparison with rat cDNAs suggests that hpt807 is about 20 bp short of encoding the initiator methionine of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase. The human cDNA was cloned into a prokaryotic expression vector and Escherichia coli strain DH5 alpha F'IQ was transformed. Clones were isolated that express an active fusion protein which can be readily observed on protein gels and specifically stained on immunoblots with an antibody raised against purified chicken farnesyl pyrophosphate phosphate synthetase. These data confirm the identity of hpt807 as encoding farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase. Slot blot analyses of RNA isolated from Hep G2 cells show that the expression of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase mRNA is regulated. Lovastatin increases mRNA levels for farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase 2.5-fold while mevalonic acid, low-density lipoprotein, and 25-hydroxycholesterol decrease mRNA levels to 40-50% of control values. 相似文献
Immunization of mice with a synthetic GM3-lactam-BSA (bovine serum albumin) conjugate (designed to emulate the corresponding natural GM3-lactone conjugate), followed by fusion of splenocytes with myeloma cells, gave rise to more than 300 monoclonal hybridomas producing antibodies to GM3-lactam-BSA, which did not react with Glc-BSA and BSA. Eight antibody clones were randomly chosen from the positive 300 hybridomas. The eight clones, all belonging to the IgG class, were unreactive against GM3-ganglioside, whereas two antibodies (P5-1 and P5-3, both IgG1, ) reacted with GM3-ganglioside lactone. Binding of these two antibodies to the GM3-lactam-BSA conjugate was inhibited by soluble glycosides of GM2-, GM3-, and GM4-lactam and by GM3- and GM4-lactam, respectively, but not by Gb3 or asialo-GM1 and GM2-saccharides. A third antibody (P3; IgG2b, ) was inhibited by GM2-, GM3-, and GM4-lactam, but did not recognize GM3-ganglioside lactone. 相似文献